{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T12:36:56Z","timestamp":1771331816068,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T05:35:08Z","timestamp":1625722508000},"page":"2196-2208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Risks and Benefits of Fluid Administration as Assessed by Ultrasound"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Scott J.","family":"Millington","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Wiskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hailey","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seth","family":"Koenig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.09.002","article-title":"Positive fluid balance as\u00a0a\u00a0prognostic factor for mortality and acute kidney injury\u00a0in\u00a0severe\u00a0sepsis and septic shock","volume":"30","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Crit Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.6.2000","article-title":"Predicting fluid responsiveness in ICU patients: a critical analysis of the evidence","volume":"121","author":"Michard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez G, Ospina-Tasc\u00f3n GA, Damiani LP. Effect of a resuscitation strategy targeting peripheral perfusion status vs\u00a0serum lactate levels on 28-day mortality among patients with septic shock: the ANDROMEDA-SHOCK randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2109;321(7):654-664.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.0071"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.09.269","article-title":"Dosing fluids in early septic shock","volume":"159","author":"Chaudhuri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12310","article-title":"Will this hemodynamically unstable patient respond to a bolus of intravenous fluids?","volume":"316","author":"Bentzer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2011.09.006","article-title":"Prognostic value of extravascular lung water index in critically ill patients: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Crit Care"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa062200","article-title":"Comparison of two fluid-management strategies in acute lung injury","volume":"354","author":"Wiedemann","year":"2006","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.05.068","article-title":"Importance of venous congestion for worsening of renal function in advanced decompensated heart failure","volume":"53","author":"Mullens","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-1085-4","article-title":"Fluid balance and mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a multicenter prospective epidemiological study","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.6.1749","article-title":"Negative fluid balance predicts survival in patients with septic shock: a retrospective pilot study","volume":"117","author":"Alsous","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181feeb15","article-title":"Fluid resuscitation in septic shock: a positive fluid balance and elevated central venous pressure are associated with increased mortality","volume":"39","author":"Boyd","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4683-6","article-title":"Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016","volume":"43","author":"Rhodes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-2305","article-title":"American College of Chest Physicians\/La Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de R\u00e9animation de Langue Fran\u00e7aise statement on competence in critical care ultrasonography","volume":"135","author":"Mayo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-019-01357-0","article-title":"Ultrasound assessment of the inferior vena cava for fluid responsiveness: easy, fun, but unlikely to be helpful","volume":"66","author":"Millington","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066617752308","article-title":"Accuracy of ultrasonographic measurements of inferior vena cava to determine fluid responsiveness: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Orso","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201604-0844OC","article-title":"Comparison of echocardiographic indices used to predict fluid responsiveness in ventilated patients","volume":"195","author":"Vignon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.11.021","article-title":"POINT: should acute fluid resuscitation be guided primarily by inferior vena cava ultrasound for patients in shock? Yes","volume":"151","author":"Schmidt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib18","first-page":"532","article-title":"COUNTERPOINT: should acute fluid resuscitation be guided primarily by inferior vena cava ultrasound for patients in shock? No","volume":"151","author":"Kory","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.83.3.817","article-title":"Safety of transesophageal echocardiography: a multicenter survey of 10,419 examinations","volume":"83","author":"Daniel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.15-0260","article-title":"Critical care transesophageal echocardiography","volume":"148","author":"Mayo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib21","first-page":"1734","article-title":"Superior vena caval collapsibility as a gauge of volume status in ventilated septic patients","volume":"30","author":"Vieillard-Baron","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1737-7","article-title":"Transthoracic echocardiography: an accurate and precise method for estimating cardiac output in the critically ill patient","volume":"21","author":"Mercado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13891","article-title":"A\u00a010-second fluid challenge guided by transthoracic echocardiography can predict fluid responsiveness","volume":"18","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1131","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002704","article-title":"Predicting fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients by using combined end-expiratory and end-inspiratory occlusions with echocardiography","volume":"45","author":"Jozwiak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2017.09.006","article-title":"Comparing changes in carotid flow time and stroke volume induced by passive leg raising","volume":"355","author":"Jalil","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15301","article-title":"Carotid ultrasound to predict fluid responsiveness: a systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Beier","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ultrasound Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2017.12.047","article-title":"Carotid ultrasound measurements for assessing fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients: corrected flow time and respirophasic variation in blood flow peak velocity","volume":"121","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11672","article-title":"Respiratory variations of inferior vena cava diameter to predict fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients with acute circulatory failure: need for a cautious use","volume":"16","author":"Muller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Critical Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-017-0306-1","article-title":"Association between elevated central venous pressure and outcomes in critically ill patients","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.08080715","article-title":"Peripheral edema, central venous pressure, and risk of AKI in critical illness","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib31","first-page":"432","article-title":"The right ventricle\u2014you may forget it, but it will not forget you","volume":"9","author":"Wanner","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.0703","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care lung ultrasonography and chest radiography in adults with symptoms suggestive of acute decompensated heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Maw","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"134","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-2800","article-title":"Relevance of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute respiratory failure: the BLUE protocol","volume":"5","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2513-4","article-title":"International Liaison Committee on Lung Ultrasound (ILC-LUS) for International Consensus Conference on Lung Ultrasound (ICC-LUS). International evidence-based recommendations for point-of-care lung ultrasound","volume":"38","author":"Volpicelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.07.017","article-title":"Accuracy of several lung ultrasound methods for the diagnosis of acute heart failure in the\u00a0ED: a multicenter prospective study","volume":"157","author":"Buessler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chest sonography: a useful tool to differentiate acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema from acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Copetti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ultrasound"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-020-00163-w","article-title":"Quantifying systemic congestion with point-of-care ultrasound: development of the venous excess ultrasound grading system","volume":"12","author":"Beaubien-Souligny","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ultrasound J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.297095715","article-title":"Understanding the spectral doppler waveform of the hepatic veins in health and disease","volume":"29","author":"Scheinfeld","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2016.03.016","article-title":"Clinical implications of intrarenal hemodynamic evaluation by Doppler ultrasonography in heart failure","volume":"4","author":"Lida","year":"2016","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3908","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfr116","article-title":"Renal resistance index and its prognostic significance in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"26","author":"Ennezat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369221012708?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369221012708?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T08:39:01Z","timestamp":1757925541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369221012708"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369221012708"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risks and Benefits of Fluid Administration as Assessed by Ultrasound","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chest","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}