{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T08:37:08Z","timestamp":1769157428934,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T01:03:41Z","timestamp":1632704621000},"page":"845-852","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Implementing a Nicotine-Free Policy in the United States Military"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"161","author":[{"given":"Adam Edward","family":"Lang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Yakhkind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.21101\/cejph.a6172","article-title":"Hospital as a smoke-free workplace","volume":"28","author":"\u0160t\u011bp\u00e1nkov\u00e1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cent Eur J Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2016.1183019","article-title":"Implementation of smoking cessation treatment in substance use disorder treatment settings: a review","volume":"43","author":"Knudsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839916687542","article-title":"Tobacco-free policy outcomes for an inpatient substance abuse treatment center","volume":"18","author":"Richey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health Promot Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e312","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000001618","article-title":"Tobacco evidence-based practice implementation and employee tobacco-related outcomes at small low-wage worksites","volume":"61","author":"Kava","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2015.1015029","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis of the acceptability and effectiveness of university smoke-free policies","volume":"63","author":"Lupton","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839919891166","article-title":"Strengthening a tobacco-free college campus policy through signage: GIS mapping for advocacy to improve implementation","volume":"21","author":"Bowrey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Promot Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2018.10.030","article-title":"Workplace smoke-free policies and cessation programs among U.S. working adults","volume":"56","author":"Syamlal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-5-568","article-title":"Implementation, barriers and challenges of smoke-free policies in hospitals in Egypt","volume":"5","author":"Radwan","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2007.024448","article-title":"Tobacco policy in American prisons, 2007","volume":"17","author":"Kauffman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/hpja.255","article-title":"Implementing and enforcing a smoke-free policy and by-law on hospital grounds at Central Coast Local Health District","volume":"31","author":"Giles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Promot J Austr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.18332\/tpc\/125080","article-title":"The attitudes and behaviors of students, staff and faculty towards smoke-free and tobacco-free campus policies in North American universities: a narrative review","volume":"6","author":"Dilliott","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tob Prev Cessat"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2006.15.5.20637","article-title":"Smoke-free hospitals and the role of smoking cessation services","volume":"15","author":"Neubeck","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Nurs"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntu225","article-title":"Smoke-free policies in U.S. Prisons and jails: a review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Kennedy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.03.039","article-title":"Effect of a basic training nicotine-free policy on soldiers in the United States Army","volume":"160","author":"Lang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6552a1","article-title":"Quitting smoking among adults\u2014United States, 2000\u20132015","volume":"65","author":"Babb","year":"2017","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib16","series-title":"Publications and Reports of the Surgeon General: Smoking Cessation: A Report of the Surgeon General","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-240X(199812)21:6<487::AID-NUR3>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Coping in real time: using Ecological Momentary Assessment techniques to assess coping with the urge to smoke","volume":"21","author":"O\u2019Connell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib18","series-title":"Combating Tobacco Use in Military and Veteran Populations","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib19","author":"Lang"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.06.013","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 and smoking: how and why we implemented a tobacco treatment campaign","volume":"158","author":"Lang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib21","series-title":"Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A Report of the Surgeon General","year":"2012"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200802398763","article-title":"Peer and role model influences for cigarette smoking in a young adult military population","volume":"10","author":"Green","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"9972","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60133-7","article-title":"A\u00a0tobacco-free world: a call to action to phase out the sale of tobacco products by 2040","volume":"385","author":"Beaglehole","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.18332\/tid\/110007","article-title":"Implementing smoke-free policies in low- and middle-income countries: a brief review and research agenda","volume":"17","author":"Byron","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"issue":"6 suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2007.09.003","article-title":"Increasing the demand for and use of effective smoking-cessation treatments reaping the full health benefits of tobacco-control science and policy gains\u2014in our lifetime","volume":"33","author":"Orleans","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1177\/109019819702400510","article-title":"Creating tobacco control policy at the local level: implementation of a direct action organizing approach [published correction appears in Health Educ Behav. 1997;24(6):831]","volume":"24","author":"Blaine","year":"1997","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198119853608","article-title":"Implementation of the New York City policy restricting sales of flavored non-cigarette tobacco products","volume":"46","author":"Brown","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2018.10.011","article-title":"Implementation phase of the Tobacco-Free Parks Ordinance: a policy evaluation using photographic data","volume":"167","author":"Michele Issel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.21101\/cejph.a6160","article-title":"Barriers to introduction of smoke-free workplaces in Central Europe: example of the Czech Republic","volume":"28","author":"Kr\u00e1l\u00edkov\u00e1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cent Eur J Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.197","article-title":"Forced smoking abstinence: not enough for smoking cessation","volume":"173","author":"Clarke","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202005-1982ST","article-title":"Initiating pharmacologic treatment in tobacco-dependent adults. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"202","author":"Leone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.25019","article-title":"Interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement","volume":"325","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Chest"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369221040587?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369221040587?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T08:44:15Z","timestamp":1757925855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369221040587"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369221040587"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Implementing a Nicotine-Free Policy in the United States Military","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Chest","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc. under license from the American College of Chest Physicians.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}