{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T23:39:46Z","timestamp":1788997186426,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019018","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CHEST"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,20]],"date-time":"2024-01-20T16:09:46Z","timestamp":1705766986000},"page":"1538-1554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Risk-Adapted Starting Age of Personalized Lung Cancer Screening"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Chenran","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuesi","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengwei","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yadi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zilin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongjie","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jibin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiyong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiansong","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jufang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5530-7745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ni","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jncc.2022.07.004","article-title":"Lung cancer incidence and mortality in China: updated statistics and an overview of temporal trends from 2000 to 2016","volume":"2","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Center"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-022-04217-5","article-title":"Burden of lung cancer along with attributable risk factors in China from 1990 to 2019, and projections until 2030","volume":"149","author":"Fang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib4","article-title":"Association of computed tomography screening with lung cancer stage shift and survival in the United States: quasi-experimental study","volume":"376","author":"Potter","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1102873","article-title":"Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening","volume":"365","author":"Aberle","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1911793","article-title":"Reduced lung-cancer mortality with volume CT screening in a randomized trial","volume":"382","author":"de Koning","year":"2020","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00560-9","article-title":"One-off low-dose CT for lung cancer screening in China: a multicentre, population-based, prospective cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.1117","article-title":"Screening for lung cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement","volume":"325","author":"Krist","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2022.0036","article-title":"NCCN Guidelines\u00ae insights: lung cancer screening, version 1.2022","volume":"20","author":"Wood","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2190","article-title":"Lung cancer in never smokers\u2014a different disease","volume":"7","author":"Sun","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-010-9523-8","article-title":"Estimation of cancer incidence and mortality attributable to smoking in China","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.03.063","article-title":"Calculating the starting age for screening in relatives of patients with colorectal cancer based on data from large nationwide data sets","volume":"159","author":"Tian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2019.10.011","article-title":"Risk-tailored starting age of breast cancer screening based on women\u2019s reproductive profile: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"124","author":"Mukama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.41441","article-title":"Use of breast cancer risk factors to identify risk-adapted starting age of screening in China","volume":"5","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.11.005","article-title":"Risk-adapted starting age for personalized colorectal cancer screening: validated evidence from national population-based studies","volume":"21","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101594","article-title":"Uptake of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography in China: a multi-centre population-based study","volume":"52","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202204-0727OC","article-title":"A risk-stratified approach for never- and ever-smokers in lung cancer screening: a prospective cohort study in China","volume":"207","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib18","series-title":"Revised WHO discussion paper: a comprehensive global monitoring framework, including indicators, and a set of voluntary global targets for the prevention and control of noncommunicable disease","first-page":"1","year":"2012"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00164-8","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of respiratory tract cancers and associated risk factors from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"9","author":"Ebrahimi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib20","series-title":"Guidelines for controlling and monitoring the tobacco epidemic","first-page":"76","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib21","series-title":"Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking","first-page":"1189","year":"2004"},{"issue":"7564","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.333.7564.362","article-title":"Overweight and obesity in China","volume":"333","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib23","first-page":"S8","article-title":"Classification and diagnosis of diabetes","volume":"38","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.3876","article-title":"Risk-adapted starting age of screening for relatives of patients with breast cancer","volume":"6","author":"Mukama","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib25","series-title":"Cancer Epidemiology: Principles and Methods","first-page":"76","year":"1999"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.151421","article-title":"Recommendations on screening for lung cancer","volume":"188","year":"2016","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2020.07.007","article-title":"Risk-based lung cancer screening: a systematic review","volume":"147","author":"Toumazis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1014","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(22)00227-4","article-title":"Tobacco smoking and risks of more than 470 diseases in China: a prospective cohort study","volume":"7","author":"Chan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2020.08.012","article-title":"Association between family history of lung cancer and lung cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"148","author":"Ang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgab082","article-title":"Association between previous lung diseases and lung cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Ang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Tobacco smoke and involuntary smoking","volume":"83","year":"2004","journal-title":"IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys042","article-title":"Impact of occupational carcinogens on lung cancer risk in a general population","volume":"41","author":"De Matteis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"10352","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01438-6","article-title":"The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"400","author":"Tran","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs179","article-title":"Body mass index and risk of lung cancer among never, former, and current smokers","volume":"104","author":"Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1008862","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus, fasting glucose, and risk of cause-specific death","volume":"364","author":"Rao","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12 pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib36","first-page":"5940","article-title":"Smoking and lung cancer: an overview","volume":"44","author":"Loeb","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib37","first-page":"191","article-title":"Smoking intensity, oxidative stress and chemotherapy in nonsmall cell lung cancer: a correlated prognostic study","volume":"3","author":"Gupta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biosci Trends"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201504-241OC","article-title":"Survival among never-smokers with lung cancer in the cancer care outcomes research and surveillance study","volume":"13","author":"Cl\u00e9ment-Duch\u00eane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32716","article-title":"Sex-specificity in lung cancer risk","volume":"146","author":"Stapelfeld","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1177\/0141076819843654","article-title":"Lung cancer in never-smokers: a hidden disease","volume":"112","author":"Bhopal","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0R Soc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.07.031","article-title":"Screening for lung cancer in individuals who never smoked: an international association for the study of lung cancer early detection and screening committee report","volume":"17","author":"Kerpel-Fronius","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib42","first-page":"34","article-title":"Challenges and research opportunities for lung cancer screening in China","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Commun (Lond)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-016-1438-x","article-title":"Efficacy of low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer: the current state of evidence of mortality reduction","volume":"47","author":"Sagawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jncc.2021.07.002","article-title":"Lung cancer risk in non-smoking females with a familial history of cancer: a multi-center prospective cohort study in China","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Center"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2015.05.017","article-title":"A\u00a0family history of cancer and lung cancer risk in never-smokers: A clinic-based case-control study","volume":"89","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24283","article-title":"Family history of cancer and nonmalignant lung diseases as risk factors for lung cancer","volume":"125","author":"Gao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201410-1777CI","article-title":"Lung cancer screening","volume":"191","author":"Tanoue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202107-1576ED","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and lung cancer: nature and nurture","volume":"204","author":"Christiani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["CHEST"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369224000424?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369224000424?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T23:33:50Z","timestamp":1717803230000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369224000424"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369224000424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk-Adapted Starting Age of Personalized Lung Cancer Screening","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CHEST","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2024.01.031","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}