{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T11:12:59Z","timestamp":1789384379881,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003411","name":"GangNeung Asan Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CHEST"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T11:49:24Z","timestamp":1707997764000},"page":"1362-1371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Does Rheumatoid Arthritis Increase the Risk of COPD?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"165","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5643-6095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiwook","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyungjin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyungdo","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhyoung","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeonghee","family":"Eun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junhee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8128-8920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Wook","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4814-6730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sei Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00239-2023","article-title":"Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2023 Report: GOLD executive summary","volume":"61","author":"Agusti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201701-0218PP","article-title":"Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive lung disease 2017 report. GOLD executive summary","volume":"195","author":"Vogelmeier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00511-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national prevalence of, and risk factors for, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in 2019: a systematic review and modelling analysis","volume":"10","author":"Adeloye","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00506-3","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never-smokers: risk factors, pathogenesis, and implications for prevention and treatment","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1004965","article-title":"The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"365","author":"McInnes","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102735","article-title":"Beyond the joints, the extra-articular manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"20","author":"Conforti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40574","article-title":"The lung in rheumatoid arthritis: focus on interstitial lung disease","volume":"70","author":"Spagnolo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.09.005","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma among women: a marginal structural model analysis in the Nurses' Health Study","volume":"47","author":"Sparks","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23410","article-title":"Risk of incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study","volume":"71","author":"McGuire","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30056-0","article-title":"COPD: an overlooked cause of excess mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"6","author":"Hyldgaard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211138","article-title":"A\u00a0population-based cohort study of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: comorbidity and mortality","volume":"76","author":"Hyldgaard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.56.8.463","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and rheumatoid arthritis severity","volume":"56","author":"Saag","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-011-0203-9","article-title":"Environmental exposures and rheumatoid arthritis risk","volume":"13","author":"Hoovestol","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22279","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms151222279","article-title":"Smoking and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"15","author":"Chang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804752","article-title":"Immunologic aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"360","author":"Cosio","year":"2009","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201502-0223OC","article-title":"Host response to the lung microbiome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"192","author":"Sze","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-012-8347-x","article-title":"COPD is associated with production of autoantibodies to a broad spectrum of self-antigens, correlative with disease phenotype","volume":"55","author":"Packard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-019-1123-x","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21986","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of obstructive lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study","volume":"65","author":"Nannini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-14-199","article-title":"Increased risk for chronic comorbid disorders in patients with inflammatory arthritis: a population based study","volume":"14","author":"Ursum","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcu027","article-title":"Increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study","volume":"107","author":"Shen","year":"2014","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib22","first-page":"799","article-title":"Data resource profile: The National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea","volume":"46","author":"Cheol Seong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016640","article-title":"Cohort profile: the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) in Korea","volume":"7","author":"Seong","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib24","first-page":"e15","article-title":"Cohort profile: the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC), South Korea","volume":"46","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.23838\/pfm.2021.00135","article-title":"National General Health Screening Program in Korea: history, current status, and future direction","volume":"6","author":"Shin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Precis Future Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib26","article-title":"Effect of smoking on the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in young individuals: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Chung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.45.335","article-title":"The new BMI criteria for asians by the regional office for the western pacific region of WHO are suitable for screening of overweight to prevent metabolic syndrome in elder Japanese workers","volume":"45","author":"Anuurad","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Occup Health"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.14854","article-title":"The physical activity guidelines for Americans","volume":"320","author":"Piercy","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200605-126SF","article-title":"Airway epithelial repair, regeneration, and remodeling after injury in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"3","author":"Puchelle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-014-0151-9","article-title":"Delay of airway epithelial wound repair in COPD is associated with airflow obstruction severity","volume":"15","author":"Perotin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000238","article-title":"The lung in rheumatoid arthritis, cause or consequence?","volume":"28","author":"Chatzidionisyou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208216","article-title":"Signs of immune activation and local inflammation are present in the bronchial tissue of patients with untreated early rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"75","author":"Reynisdottir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38066","article-title":"Sputum autoantibodies in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis and subjects at risk of future clinically apparent disease","volume":"65","author":"Willis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.075192","article-title":"Smoking increases peptidylarginine deiminase 2 enzyme expression in human lungs and increases citrullination in BAL cells","volume":"67","author":"Makrygiannakis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2002.1318","article-title":"Few smokers develop COPD. Why?","volume":"96","author":"Siafakas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib36","first-page":"391","article-title":"Gene, environment, microbiome and mucosal immune tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"55","author":"Catrina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.10.024","article-title":"Autoimmunity of the lung and oral mucosa in a multisystem inflammatory disease: The spark that lights the fire in rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"137","author":"Mikuls","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41194","article-title":"Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and subsequent risk for incident rheumatoid arthritis among women: a prospective cohort study","volume":"72","author":"Ford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2019.1698293","article-title":"Obstructive lung diseases and risk of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"16","author":"Friedlander","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140082","article-title":"Prognosis of seronegative patients in a large prospective cohort of patients with early inflammatory arthritis","volume":"41","author":"Barra","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.17305\/bjbms.2010.2729","article-title":"Extra-articular manifestations of seronegative and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Sahatciu-Meka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bosn J Basic Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez377","article-title":"Secretory anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in serum associate with lung involvement in early rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"59","author":"Roos Ljungberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24140","article-title":"Elevated anti-citrullinated protein antibodies prior to rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis and risks for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma","volume":"73","author":"Zaccardelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0520-x","article-title":"Expression of citrulline and homocitrulline residues in the lungs of non-smokers and smokers: implications for autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"17","author":"Lugli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002465","article-title":"Risk of lung cancer in rheumatoid arthritis and in relation to autoantibody positivity and smoking","volume":"8","author":"Chatzidionysiou","year":"2022","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib46","article-title":"Airflow obstruction as a marker of adverse prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Guiot","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2018.06.010","article-title":"Increased mortality among patients with rheumatoid arthritis and COPD: a population-based study","volume":"140","author":"Hyldgaard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.113696","article-title":"EULAR evidence-based recommendations for cardiovascular risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory arthritis","volume":"69","author":"Peters","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2014.11.007","article-title":"Association of cardiovascular health screening with mortality, clinical outcomes, and health care cost: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"70","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.5597","article-title":"Validation of serostatus of rheumatoid arthritis using ICD-10 codes in administrative claims data","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"}],"container-title":["CHEST"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369224001600?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369224001600?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T23:59:23Z","timestamp":1717804763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369224001600"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369224001600"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Does Rheumatoid Arthritis Increase the Risk of COPD?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CHEST","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2024.02.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}