{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T07:51:06Z","timestamp":1780645866024,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP 21K08176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP 21K08176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Government of Japan Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMH20FC1033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMH20FC1033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CHEST"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T16:50:03Z","timestamp":1730825403000},"page":"1107-1119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hypnotics and Mortality in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"167","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5439-1543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hironao","family":"Hozumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1857-6369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshinari","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Kono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotsugu","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3550-1182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koichi","family":"Miyashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyogo","family":"Naoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuya","family":"Aono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichiro","family":"Aoshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8075-0597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusuke","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7134-3364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideki","family":"Yasui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6154-9791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuzo","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0455-4070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Karayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Furuhashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3187-4264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Enomoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Fujisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Inui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koshi","family":"Yokomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Suda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib1","first-page":"277","article-title":"This joint statement of the American Thoracic Society (ATS), and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) was adopted by the ATS board of directors, June 2001 and by the ERS Executive Committee, June 2001","volume":"165","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2009-040GL","article-title":"An official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT statement: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and management","volume":"183","author":"Raghu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201308-1483ST","article-title":"An official American Thoracic Society\/European Respiratory Society statement: update of the international multidisciplinary classification of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias","volume":"188","author":"Travis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201506-1063ST","article-title":"An official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT Clinical Practice Guideline: Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. An update of the 2011 clinical practice guideline","volume":"192","author":"Raghu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201807-1255ST","article-title":"Diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. An official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT clinical practice guideline","volume":"198","author":"Raghu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202202-0399ST","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (an update) and progressive pulmonary fibrosis in adults: an official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT clinical practice guideline","volume":"205","author":"Raghu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12649","article-title":"Symptom-based management of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonia","volume":"21","author":"Garibaldi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib8","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.2.213","article-title":"Comorbidity of chronic insomnia with medical problems","volume":"30","author":"Taylor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib10","first-page":"13","article-title":"Quality of life in patients suffering from insomnia","volume":"9","author":"Ishak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Innov Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7172","article-title":"Insomnia in the elderly: a review","volume":"14","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Sleep Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4863.201153","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic insomnia in adult patients and its correlation with medical comorbidities","volume":"5","author":"Bhaskar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Family Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-017-0207-7","article-title":"Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs: an updated review of major adverse outcomes reported on in epidemiologic research","volume":"17","author":"Brandt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drugs R D"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-2175","article-title":"Management of chronic insomnia disorder in adults: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians","volume":"165","author":"Qaseem","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201604-0801CI","article-title":"Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. An International Working Group Report","volume":"194","author":"Collard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-10-201205150-00004","article-title":"A\u00a0multidimensional index and staging system for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"156","author":"Ley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01653-2015","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in US adults 18-64 years old","volume":"48","author":"Raghu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83","article-title":"Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data","volume":"43","author":"Quan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112479","article-title":"The Charlson Comorbidity Index can be used prospectively to identify patients who will incur high future costs","volume":"9","author":"Charlson","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881119855343","article-title":"British Association for Psychopharmacology consensus statement on evidence-based treatment of insomnia, parasomnias and circadian rhythm disorders: an update","volume":"33","author":"Wilson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6470","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for the pharmacologic treatment of chronic insomnia in adults: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"13","author":"Sateia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b5087","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b5087","article-title":"Problem of immortal time bias in cohort studies: example using statins for preventing progression of diabetes","volume":"340","author":"L\u00e9vesque","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.04.014","article-title":"Specifying a target trial prevents immortal time bias and other self-inflicted injuries in observational analyzes","volume":"79","author":"Hern\u00e1n","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-015-0362-0","article-title":"Mortality risk of hypnotics: strengths and limits of evidence","volume":"39","author":"Kripke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867415616695","article-title":"Mortality associated with anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Parsaik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001110","article-title":"Adverse respiratory events associated with hypnotics use in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a population-based case-control study","volume":"94","author":"Chung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g445","article-title":"Safety of benzodiazepines and opioids in very severe respiratory disease: national prospective study","volume":"348","author":"Ekstr\u00f6m","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00014304","article-title":"Standards for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPD: a summary of the ATS\/ERS position paper","volume":"23","author":"Celli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2012-202374","article-title":"The impact of benzodiazepines on occurrence of pneumonia and mortality from pneumonia: a nested case-control and survival analysis in a population-based cohort","volume":"68","author":"Obiora","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201802-145OC","article-title":"Risks of benzodiazepines in chronic\u00a0obstructive pulmonary disease with comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"16","author":"Donovan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2007.12.026","article-title":"Sleep, hypnotics and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"102","author":"Stege","year":"2008","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00008014","article-title":"Benzodiazepine drug use and adverse respiratory outcomes among older adults with COPD","volume":"44","author":"Vozoris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2008.00732.x","article-title":"Sleep duration and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Gallicchio","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sleep Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.5.585","article-title":"Sleep duration and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"33","author":"Cappuccio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep"}],"container-title":["CHEST"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369224054485?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369224054485?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T20:03:04Z","timestamp":1747857784000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369224054485"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369224054485"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hypnotics and Mortality in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CHEST","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2024.10.038","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}