{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:30:27Z","timestamp":1771979427312,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CHEST"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T02:54:57Z","timestamp":1734144897000},"page":"1311-1320","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Managing Cavitary Coccidioidomycosis Expert Opinions for Improving Patient Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"167","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6203-5693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fariba M.","family":"Donovan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8518-5750","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"III","given":"George R.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2267-1473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janis E.","family":"Blair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Royce H.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0644-7754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josh","family":"Malo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waseem","family":"Albasha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie G.","family":"Worrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Staci E.","family":"Beamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kavitha","family":"Yaddanapudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7882-1883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John N.","family":"Galgiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2872-4396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil M.","family":"Ampel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rlu.0000233349.46383.06","article-title":"F-18 FDG PET\/CT imaging of disseminated coccidioidomycosis","volume":"31","author":"Nguyen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.232558","article-title":"Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging","volume":"310","author":"Bankier","year":"2024","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.02.026","article-title":"Cavitary lung diseases: a clinical-radiologic algorithmic approach","volume":"153","author":"Gafoor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.4065\/78.6.744","article-title":"Cystic and cavitary lung diseases: focal and diffuse","volume":"78","author":"Ryu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.4132\/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.5.407","article-title":"Pathologic review of cystic and cavitary lung diseases","volume":"46","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Korean J Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.5334\/jbr-btr.1202","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of cavitary lung lesions","volume":"100","author":"Parkar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Belg Soc Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib7","first-page":"401","article-title":"Chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis: computed tomographic and pathologic findings in 18 patients","volume":"49","author":"Kim","year":"1998","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.344130134","article-title":"Pulmonary coccidioidomycosis: pictorial review of chest radiographic and CT findings","volume":"34","author":"Jude","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myab011","article-title":"Cavitary coccidioidomycosis: impact of azole antifungal therapy","volume":"59","author":"Panicker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib10","first-page":"559","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis. Part I","volume":"117","author":"Drutz","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib11","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis granulomas informed by other diseases: advancements, gaps, and challenges","volume":"9","author":"Miranda","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2006.03.033","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis in patients with diabetes mellitus","volume":"119","author":"Santelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1086\/319203","article-title":"Risk factors for severe pulmonary and disseminated coccidioidomycosis: Kern County, California, 1995-1996","volume":"32","author":"Rosenstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/tay027","article-title":"Travel-related risk factors for coccidioidomycosis","volume":"25","author":"Diaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib15","first-page":"353","article-title":"Pulmonary coccidioidomycosis: import illness and the importance of travel history","volume":"67","author":"Indhirajanti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neth J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw360","article-title":"2016 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) clinical practice guideline for the treatment of coccidioidomycosis","volume":"63","author":"Galgiani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib18","series-title":"Valley Fever Center for Excellence website","article-title":"GR. Valley Fever (coccidioidomycosis) tutorial for primary care professionals","author":"Galgiani","year":"2016"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac478","article-title":"Controversies in the management of central nervous system coccidioidomycosis","volume":"75","author":"Thompson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib20","article-title":"Serologic rebound after stopping azoles for primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis: a case-controlled observational study","volume":"9","author":"Shah","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00526","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00526-22","article-title":"Evaluation of metagenomic and targeted next-generation sequencing workflows for detection of respiratory pathogens from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens","volume":"60","author":"Gaston","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0732-8893(94)90070-1","article-title":"Bronchoscopic diagnosis of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. Comparison of cytology, culture, and transbronchial biopsy","volume":"18","author":"DiTomasso","year":"1994","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.54.Supplement_1.273","article-title":"Coccidioidal pulmonary cavitation","volume":"54","author":"Hyde","year":"1968","journal-title":"Dis Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1086\/605441","article-title":"Expert opinion: what to do when there is Coccidioides exposure in a laboratory","volume":"49","author":"Stevens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1406.049","article-title":"Laboratory aspects in the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis","volume":"1111","author":"Saubolle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.7812","article-title":"Lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces","volume":"199","author":"Farooqi","year":"2012","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/RTI.0000000000000265","article-title":"Lung cancers associated with cystic airspaces: natural history, pathologic correlation, and mutational analysis","volume":"32","author":"Fintelmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib28","first-page":"A5938","article-title":"High risk findings on low dose CT in a coccidioidomycosis endemic area","volume":"201","author":"Jaffer","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib29","article-title":"Coccidioidal pulmonary cavitation: a new age","volume":"9","author":"Kooner","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myac054","article-title":"Natural history of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis: further examination of the VA-Armed Forces Database","volume":"60","author":"Shemuel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2850","article-title":"Utility of triazole antifungal therapeutic drug monitoring: insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists","volume":"43","author":"McCreary","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2015.51.12.2421058","article-title":"Triazole antifungals: a review","volume":"51","author":"Peyton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drugs Today"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S76","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myy029","article-title":"Current concepts and future directions in the pharmacology and treatment of coccidioidomycosis","volume":"57","author":"Thompson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib34","article-title":"Variability of hydroxy-itraconazole in relation to itraconazole bloodstream concentrations","volume":"65","author":"Wiederhold","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother (Bethesda)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu513","article-title":"Plasma fluoride level as a predictor of voriconazole-induced periostitis in patients with skeletal pain","volume":"59","author":"Moon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib36","first-page":"324","article-title":"Isavuconazole: mechanism of action, clinical efficacy, and resistance","volume":"6","author":"Ellsworth","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Fungi"},{"issue":"suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s244","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz064","article-title":"Preclinical safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antifungal activity of liposomal amphotericin B","volume":"68","author":"Adler-Moore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S76","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myy029","article-title":"Current concepts and future directions in the pharmacology and treatment of coccidioidomycosis","volume":"57","author":"Thompson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)80371-4","article-title":"Fluconazole in the treatment of chronic pulmonary and nonmeningeal disseminated coccidioidomycosis. NIAID Mycoses Study Group","volume":"98","author":"Catanzaro","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-9-200011070-00009","article-title":"Comparison of oral fluconazole and itraconazole for progressive, nonmeningeal coccidioidomycosis. A randomized, double-blind trial. Mycoses Study Group","volume":"133","author":"Galgiani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S28","DOI":"10.1086\/504492","article-title":"Pharmacology of systemic antifungal agents","volume":"43","author":"Ashley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2009.06.003","article-title":"Amphotericin B: side effects and toxicity","volume":"26","author":"Laniado-Labor\u00edn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib43","article-title":"Bronchoscopic instillation of amphotericin B is a safe and effective measure to treat pulmonary mycosis","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1086\/595687","article-title":"Factors and outcomes associated with the decision to treat primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis","volume":"48","author":"Ampel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib45","article-title":"Pulmonary giant cavitary coccidioides with fungal ball and hemoptysis","volume":"10","author":"Narang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Med High Impact Case Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)61294-5","article-title":"Surgical manifestations and results of treatment of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis","volume":"30","author":"Salomon","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2014.02.014","article-title":"Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for patients with pulmonary coccidioidomycosis","volume":"148","author":"Ashfaq","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.07.075","article-title":"Surgery for pulmonary coccidioidomycosis: a 10-year experience","volume":"88","author":"Jaroszewski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)39029-4","article-title":"Coccidioidal pulmonary cavities with rupture","volume":"84","author":"Cunningham","year":"1982","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001_bib50","article-title":"Coccidioides-induced pyopneumothorax in an immunocompetent patient","volume":"15","author":"Khalafi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["CHEST"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369224056149?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369224056149?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T19:35:40Z","timestamp":1746732940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369224056149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369224056149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Managing Cavitary Coccidioidomycosis Expert Opinions for Improving Patient Outcomes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CHEST","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2024.12.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}