{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T20:07:38Z","timestamp":1786133258715,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786147200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":372,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017540","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-HL121270"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-HL121270"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017540","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017540","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-HL077612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-HL077612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017540","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017540","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-HL093081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-HL093081"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017540","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017540","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1-RR024156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1-RR024156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017540","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1-TR-000040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1-TR-000040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1-TR-001079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1-TR-001079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["205188\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["205188\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CHEST"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T04:34:52Z","timestamp":1743136492000},"page":"364-378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["CT Emphysema Subtypes and Cardiac Hemodynamics Estimated on MRI"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"168","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3428-0728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilia A.","family":"Hermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse X.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Angelini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pallavi","family":"Balte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Bluemke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Derlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoinette S.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadali","family":"Habibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric A.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Johns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Kawut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Kiely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Laine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao A.C.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin R.","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Vogel-Claussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karol","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim M.","family":"Wild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Swift","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Graham","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib1","series-title":"World Health Statistics 2019: Monitoring Health for the SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib2","author":"Agust\u00ed"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-14-103","article-title":"Estimating the U.S. prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010","volume":"14","author":"Tilert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib4","first-page":"775","article-title":"Chronic cor pulmonale","volume":"114","author":"Fishman","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808836","article-title":"Percent emphysema, airflow obstruction, and impaired left ventricular filling","volume":"362","author":"Barr","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6 suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-0087","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in COPD: epidemiology, significance, and management: pulmonary vascular disease: the global perspective","volume":"137","author":"Minai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.07.991","article-title":"Cor pulmonale parvus in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema: the MESA COPD Study","volume":"64","author":"Kawut","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00944-2021","article-title":"Elevated pulmonary vascular resistance predicts mortality in COPD patients","volume":"58","author":"Zeder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197204272861703","article-title":"Patterns of cardiovascular dysfunction in chronic obstructive lung disease","volume":"286","author":"Burrows","year":"1972","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.2.7633722","article-title":"Comparison of computed density and macroscopic morphometry in pulmonary emphysema","volume":"152","author":"Gevenois","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.7326\/M13-2570","article-title":"Association between emphysema-like lung on cardiac computed tomography and mortality in persons without airflow obstruction: a cohort study","volume":"161","author":"Oelsner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021203531","article-title":"Relationship between emphysema progression at CT and mortality in ever-smokers: results from the COPDGene and ECLIPSE cohorts","volume":"299","author":"Ash","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015141579","article-title":"CT-definable subtypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a statement of the Fleischner Society","volume":"277","author":"Lynch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94.e97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2013.09.020","article-title":"Pulmonary emphysema subtypes on computed tomography: the MESA COPD Study","volume":"127","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.32.9.882","article-title":"The morphology of emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and bronchiectasis: definition, nomenclature, and classification","volume":"32","author":"Heard","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2022-219158","article-title":"Pulmonary emphysema subtypes defined by unsupervised machine learning on CT scans","volume":"78","author":"Angelini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"7442","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(66)90181-4","article-title":"The emphysematous and bronchial types of chronic airways obstruction: a clinicopathological study of patients in London and Chicago","volume":"1","author":"Burrows","year":"1966","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2024-222002","article-title":"Associations of pulmonary microvascular blood volume with per cent emphysema and CT emphysema subtypes in the community: the MESA Lung Study","volume":"80","author":"Hermann","year":"2025","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf113","article-title":"Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis: objectives and design","volume":"156","author":"Bild","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1080\/13547500802002859","article-title":"Plasma carbonyls do not correlate with lung function or computed tomography measures of lung density in older smokers","volume":"13","author":"Mesia-Vela","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805","article-title":"Standardisation of spirometry","volume":"26","author":"Miller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.16174","article-title":"Global, race-neutral reference equations and pulmonary function test interpretation","volume":"6","author":"Moffett","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2013-203897","article-title":"Design of the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcomes in COPD Study (SPIROMICS)","volume":"69","author":"Couper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3652","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2021.3094660","article-title":"Novel subtypes of pulmonary emphysema based on spatially-informed lung texture learning: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) COPD Study","volume":"40","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202209-1698PP","article-title":"Repeatability of pulmonary quantitative computed tomography measurements in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"208","author":"Motahari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201411-2120OC","article-title":"Pulmonary microvascular blood flow in mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema: the MESA COPD Study","volume":"192","author":"Hueper","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.001653","article-title":"Pulmonary hyperinflation and left ventricular mass: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis COPD Study","volume":"127","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2013.01.013","article-title":"Noninvasive estimation of PA pressure, flow, and resistance with CMR imaging: derivation and prospective validation study from the ASPIRE Registry","volume":"6","author":"Swift","year":"2013","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-5143-y","article-title":"Non-invasive methods for estimating mPAP in COPD using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"28","author":"Johns","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000110061.06674.ca","article-title":"Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure and evidence from new hypertension trials","volume":"43","author":"Jones","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2014-205160","article-title":"Comparison of spatially matched airways reveals thinner airway walls in COPD: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) COPD Study and the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcomes in COPD Study (SPIROMICS)","volume":"69","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00035005","article-title":"Standardisation of the measurement of lung volumes","volume":"26","author":"Wanger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.3.8087359","article-title":"Pathophysiology of cor pulmonale in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Part One","volume":"150","author":"MacNee","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-0183","article-title":"Impaired left ventricular filling in COPD and emphysema: is it the heart or the lungs? The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis COPD Study","volume":"144","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201508-1647OC","article-title":"Lung deflation and cardiovascular structure and function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"193","author":"Stone","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30054-7","article-title":"Effect of lung deflation with indacaterol plus glycopyrronium on ventricular filling in patients with hyperinflation and COPD (CLAIM): a double-blind, randomised, crossover, placebo-controlled, single-centre trial","volume":"6","author":"Hohlfeld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202201-0214OC","article-title":"Reduction of lung hyperinflation improves cardiac preload, contractility, and output in emphysema: a clinical trial in patients who received endobronchial valves","volume":"206","author":"van der Molen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1P2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib39","first-page":"67","article-title":"Pulmonary emphysema with special reference to vascular changes","volume":"80","author":"Liebow","year":"1959","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.2.9908056","article-title":"Left atrial and ventricular filling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an echocardiographic and Doppler study","volume":"162","author":"Boussuges","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"00254","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00254-2022","article-title":"Arterial remodelling in smokers and in patients with small airway disease and COPD: implications for lung physiology and early origins of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"8","author":"Bhattarai","year":"2022","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198106253042606","article-title":"Inhibition of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction by nifedipine","volume":"304","author":"Simonneau","year":"1981","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2016.04.010","article-title":"Sildenafil in severe pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled multicenter clinical trial","volume":"36","author":"Vitulo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/1753465808103499","article-title":"Effect of bosentan upon pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"3","author":"Valerio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ther Adv Respir Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib45","first-page":"612","article-title":"Deleterious effect of nifedipine on pulmonary gas exchange in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"130","author":"Melot","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib46","series-title":"Neuroscience of Nicotine","first-page":"313","article-title":"Chapter 39: Nicotine and dopamine DA1 receptor pharmacology","author":"Agnieszka","year":"2019"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3618","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac237","article-title":"2022 ESC\/ERS guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"43","author":"Humbert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201801-0095PP","article-title":"Pulmonary vascular involvement in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. is there a pulmonary vascular phenotype?","volume":"198","author":"Kovacs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00085612","article-title":"Haemodynamic responses to exercise in patients with COPD","volume":"41","author":"Hilde","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009_bib50","article-title":"Validation of combined bronchitic-apical emphysema, a novel CT emphysema subtype, using ultra-resolution micro-CT imaging [abstract]","volume":"209","author":"Vasilescu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["CHEST"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S001236922500399X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S001236922500399X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T19:31:09Z","timestamp":1786131069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S001236922500399X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S001236922500399X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"CT Emphysema Subtypes and Cardiac Hemodynamics Estimated on MRI","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CHEST","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2025.03.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}