{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T12:09:54Z","timestamp":1773058194546,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal.chestnet.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CHEST"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:26:58Z","timestamp":1764030418000},"page":"744-753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Mitral Valve and the Lungs"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"169","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4027-0924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha M.","family":"Pradhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin S.","family":"Wessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Kurz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4870","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4870.1051","article-title":"An appreciation of mitral stenosis\u2014I","volume":"1","author":"Wood","year":"1954","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"4871","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4871.1113","article-title":"An appreciation of mitral stenosis\u2014II","volume":"1","author":"Wood","year":"1954","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"9672","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60692-9","article-title":"Mitral regurgitation","volume":"373","author":"Enriquez-Sarano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.035","article-title":"2020 ACC\/AHA guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"77","author":"Otto","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.01.007","article-title":"Recommendations for noninvasive evaluation of native valvular regurgitation: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography developed in collaboration with the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance","volume":"30","author":"Zoghbi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezaf276","article-title":"2025 ESC\/EACTS guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease: developed by the task force for the management of valvular heart disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)","volume":"67","author":"Praz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2017.10.004","article-title":"Exercise testing in mitral regurgitation","volume":"60","author":"Dulgheru","year":"2017","journal-title":"Progr Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.121.013558","article-title":"Pulmonary congestion during exercise stress echocardiography in ischemic and heart failure patients","volume":"15","author":"Merli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib9","first-page":"942","article-title":"Prevalence and fate of severe pulmonary hypertension in 559 consecutive patients with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis undergoing mitral balloon valvotomy","volume":"13","author":"Fawzy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-016-4509-2","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in rheumatic mitral stenosis revisited","volume":"42","author":"Pourafkari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Herz"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2011.08.030","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension adversely affects short- and long-term survival after mitral valve operation for mitral regurgitation: implications for timing of surgery","volume":"142","author":"Ghoreishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02148-2018","article-title":"An overview of the 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension","volume":"53","author":"Gali\u00e8","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.37.1.74","article-title":"Extreme pulmonary hypertension caused by mitral valve disease. Natural history and results of surgery","volume":"37","author":"Ward","year":"1975","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib14","first-page":"485","article-title":"Immediate and long-term results of mitral balloon valvuloplasty in patients with severe pulmonary","volume":"17","author":"Fawzy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2014.12.003","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in valvular disease: a comprehensive review on pathophysiology to therapy from the HAVEC Group","volume":"8","author":"Magne","year":"2015","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1006\/mvre.1995.1056","article-title":"Effect of increased duration of high perfusion pressure on stress failure of pulmonary capillaries","volume":"50","author":"Kurdak","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1991.71.2.573","article-title":"Ultrastructural appearances of pulmonary capillaries at high transmural pressures","volume":"71","author":"Tsukimoto","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00400-7","article-title":"The influence of basal nitric oxide activity on pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with congestive heart failure","volume":"82","author":"Cooper","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000034444.31846.F4","article-title":"Endothelin mediates increased pulmonary vascular tone in patients with heart failure: demonstration by direct intrapulmonary infusion of sitaxsentan","volume":"106","author":"Ooi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"126","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00004612","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in left heart disease","volume":"21","author":"Guazzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2016.05.002","article-title":"Lung capillary stress failure and arteriolar remodelling in pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease (group 2 PH)","volume":"59","author":"Dayeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3618","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac237","volume":"43","author":"Humbert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(91)90060-X","article-title":"Time course of changes in pulmonary vascular resistance and the mechanism of regression of pulmonary arterial hypertension after balloon mitral valvuloplasty","volume":"67","author":"Dev","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.09.023","article-title":"Right side of the heart pulmonary circulation unit involvement in left-sided heart failure: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. From the forgotten chamber to the chamber of secrets","volume":"161","author":"Marra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.8.6.893","article-title":"Respiratory and circulatory studies of patients with mitral stenosis","volume":"8","author":"Curti","year":"1953","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib26","first-page":"573","article-title":"The nature and significance of the structural changes in the lungs in mitral stenosis","volume":"12","author":"Parker","year":"1936","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib27","first-page":"881","article-title":"Modulation of actin isoform expression in alveolar myofibroblasts (contractile interstitial cells) during pulmonary hypertension","volume":"136","author":"Kapanci","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-1653","article-title":"Diastolic pulmonary vascular pressure gradient: a predictor of prognosis in \u201cout-of-proportion\u201d pulmonary hypertension","volume":"143","author":"Gerges","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.37.1.26","article-title":"Pulmonary vascular changes associated with isolated mitral stenosis in India","volume":"37","author":"Tandon","year":"1975","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1159\/000493007","article-title":"The accuracy of a large V wave in the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure waveform for diagnosing current mitral regurgitation","volume":"141","author":"Hayashi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.69.2.214","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial V waves in mitral regurgitation: clinical and experimental observations","volume":"69","author":"Grose","year":"1984","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)91319-7","article-title":"Accuracy of left atrial and pulmonary artery wedge pressure in pure mitral regurgitation in predicting left ventricular end-diastolic pressure","volume":"61","author":"Haskell","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib33","article-title":"Valve replacement for massive hemoptysis in mitral stenosis: an uncommon course in modern practice","volume":"13","author":"Al-Kindi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib34","first-page":"251","article-title":"The bronchopulmonary venous collateral circulation with special reference to emphysema","volume":"29","author":"Liebow","year":"1953","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(44)91007-0","article-title":"Varices of the bronchial veins as a source of hemoptysis in mitral stenosis","volume":"28","author":"Ferguson","year":"1944","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib36","first-page":"211","article-title":"Enlargement of the bronchial arteries, and their anastomoses with the pulmonary arteries in bronchiectasis","volume":"25","author":"Liebow","year":"1949","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11030633","article-title":"Haemoptysis in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease: insights on pathophysiology, diagnosis and management","volume":"11","author":"Baroutidou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2018.08.028","article-title":"Diagnostic and management dilemma: massive hemoptysis from severe mitral stenosis","volume":"132","author":"Frampton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-021-00433-x","article-title":"Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in cardiac diseases","volume":"199","author":"Saha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lung"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2012.03.015","article-title":"Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in immunocompetent patients: etiologies and prognosis revisited","volume":"106","author":"de Prost","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib41","first-page":"718","article-title":"The spectrum of pulmonary edema: differentiation of cardiogenic, intermediate, and noncardiogenic forms of pulmonary edema","volume":"124","author":"Sprung","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.3.622","article-title":"Vulnerability of pulmonary capillaries in heart disease","volume":"92","author":"West","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3913","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1126\/science.166.3913.1643","article-title":"Hemoglobin as a tracer in hemodynamic pulmonary edema","volume":"166","author":"Pietra","year":"1969","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(79)90066-4","article-title":"The value of edema fluid protein measurement in patients with pulmonary edema","volume":"67","author":"Fein","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00116302","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis revisited","volume":"24","author":"Ioachimescu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5361","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5361.823","article-title":"The lungs in mitral stenosis","volume":"2","author":"Arnott","year":"1963","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib47","first-page":"333","article-title":"Pulmonary h\u00e6mosiderosis","volume":"53","author":"Cullinan","year":"1960","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.2.435","article-title":"Iron accumulation in lung allografts after transplantation","volume":"112","author":"Baz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700620406","article-title":"Pulmonary haemosiderosis of cardiac origin","volume":"62","author":"Lendrum","year":"1950","journal-title":"J Pathol Bacteriol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v3.i2.51","article-title":"Miliary nodules due to secondary pulmonary hemosiderosis in rheumatic heart disease","volume":"3","author":"Agrawal","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.19.4.g99jl10965","article-title":"Pulmonary parenchymal manifestations of mitral valve disease","volume":"19","author":"Woolley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2014.11.007","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis: spectrum of thoracic imaging findings in the adult patient","volume":"70","author":"Khorashadi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.54.3057","article-title":"Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage with predominantly right-sided infiltration resulting from cardiac comorbidities","volume":"54","author":"Tamai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.75.4.258","article-title":"Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage: diagnosing it and finding the cause","volume":"75","author":"Ioachimescu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cleve Clinic J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(89)80606-0","article-title":"Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in autologous bone marrow transplant recipients","volume":"87","author":"Robbins","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00119108","article-title":"Haemosiderin-laden macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with diffuse alveolar damage","volume":"33","author":"Maldonado","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(05)81078-5","article-title":"Computed tomography of diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage with pathological correlation","volume":"48","author":"Cheah","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"972","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e295","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/66050546","article-title":"Honeycomb cysts in idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis: high-resolution CT appearances in two adults","volume":"81","author":"Harte","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib59","first-page":"410","article-title":"Pulmonary function studies in idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis in children","volume":"107","author":"Allue","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197612162952502","article-title":"Detection of intrapulmonary hemorrhage with carbon monoxide uptake. Application in Goodpasture's syndrome","volume":"295","author":"Ewan","year":"1976","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.98.5.1085","article-title":"Bronchial hyperreactivity in patients with mitral valve disease","volume":"98","author":"Nishimura","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.116.6.1582","article-title":"Bronchial hyperreactivity in patients with mitral stenosis before and after successful percutaneous mitral balloon valvulotomy","volume":"116","author":"G\u00fclec","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(72)90005-7","article-title":"Regression of extreme pulmonary hypertension after mitral valve surgery","volume":"30","author":"Zener","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)62423-X","article-title":"Long-term results of mitral valve surgery in patients with severe pulmonary hypertension","volume":"45","author":"C\u00e1mara","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib65","first-page":"1149","article-title":"Reappraisal of the concept and implications of pulmonary hypertension in degenerative mitral regurgitation","volume":"17","author":"Essayagh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx700","article-title":"Sildenafil for improving outcomes in patients with corrected valvular heart disease and persistent pulmonary hypertension: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial","volume":"39","author":"Bermejo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.09.609","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in transcatheter mitral valve repair for secondary mitral regurgitation: the COAPT trial","volume":"76","author":"Ben-Yehuda","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib68","first-page":"659","article-title":"The evolving concept of secondary mitral regurgitation phenotypes: lessons from the M-TEER trials","volume":"17","author":"Stolz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1805374","article-title":"Percutaneous repair or medical treatment for secondary mitral regurgitation","volume":"379","author":"Obadia","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2314328","article-title":"Transcatheter valve repair in heart failure with moderate to severe mitral regurgitation","volume":"391","author":"Anker","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.31083\/j.rcm.2021.01.214","article-title":"Transcatheter mitral valve repair with MitraClip in patients with pulmonary hypertension: hemodynamic and prognostic perspectives","volume":"22","author":"Mandurino-Mirizzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061495","article-title":"Current indications for transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in a patient with primary mitral regurgitation","volume":"146","author":"Hahn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12712","article-title":"The minimally invasive MitraClip\u2122 procedure for mitral regurgitation under general anaesthesia: immediate effects on the pulmonary circulation and right ventricular function","volume":"69","author":"Kottenberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.08.044","article-title":"Impact of pulmonary hypertension on outcomes in patients with functional mitral regurgitation undergoing percutaneous edge-to-edge repair","volume":"114","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"}],"container-title":["CHEST"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369225057952?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0012369225057952?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T09:30:03Z","timestamp":1773048603000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0012369225057952"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0012369225057952"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-3692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-3692","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Mitral Valve and the Lungs","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CHEST","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2025.11.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}