{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T12:18:56Z","timestamp":1788524336805,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]],"date-time":"2015-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]],"date-time":"2014-12-12T05:32:23Z","timestamp":1418362343000},"page":"61-72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":156,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A meta-analysis of child physical abuse prevalence in China"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Kai","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4427-4631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Finkelhor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0005","series-title":"Optimus study on child protection in China: Research report","author":"Chan","year":"2012"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1080\/03004430701536525","article-title":"Chinese parenting in Hong Kong: Links among goals, beliefs and styles","volume":"179","author":"Chan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Early Child Development and Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0015","series-title":"Parenting of Asians Handbook of parenting: Vol. 4. Social conditions and applied parenting","first-page":"59","author":"Chao","year":"2002"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0020","first-page":"341","article-title":"Childhood physical and emotional maltreatment and its psychological effects in 391 university students in China","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of School Doctor"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0025","first-page":"922","article-title":"A retrospective survey of childhood corporal punishment and emotional maltreatment by their parents in students","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chinese Mental Health Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2011.72.24","article-title":"Childhood physical punishment and later alcohol drinking consequences: Evidence from a Chinese context","volume":"72","author":"Cheng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol & Drugs"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0035","first-page":"479","article-title":"Prevalence and influencing factors of juvenile victimization","volume":"18","author":"Cheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Child Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0040","series-title":"What is child abuse and neglect? Recognizing the signs and symptoms","author":"Child Welfare Information Gateway","year":"2013"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2134(92)90107-3","article-title":"Mother's age and risk for physical abuse","volume":"16","author":"Connelly","year":"1992","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0050","first-page":"423","article-title":"A survey on the medicos who were abused in their childhood and their dangerous behavior","volume":"19","author":"Ding","year":"2007","journal-title":"West China Medical Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2004.11.001","article-title":"The juvenile victimization questionnaire: Reliability, validity, and national norms","volume":"29","author":"Finkelhor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0060","series-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of intervention version 5.1.0","author":"Higgins","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0065","series-title":"New directions in child abuse and neglect research","author":"Institute of Medicine, & National Research Council","year":"2014"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.03.008","article-title":"Child sexual abuse in China: A meta-analysis of 27 studies","volume":"37","author":"Ji","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3288","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1984.03340480070033","article-title":"The battered-child syndrome","volume":"251","author":"Kempe","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(00)00175-7","article-title":"Children's experience of violence in China and Korea: A transcultural study","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00507-0","article-title":"Psychological correlates of physical abuse in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents","volume":"27","author":"Lau","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2004.08.005","article-title":"The relationship between physical maltreatment and substance use among adolescents: A survey of 95,788 adolescents in Hong Kong","volume":"37","author":"Lau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0095","first-page":"1001","article-title":"The impacts of childhood experience of beaten by bare hand on adolescents\u2019 mental health","volume":"26","author":"Ma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of School Doctor"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0100","series-title":"Child protection fact sheet: The definitions and signs of child abuse","author":"National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children","year":"2009"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001349","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001349","article-title":"The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Norman","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.02.007","article-title":"The prevalence of child sexual abuse in community and student samples: A meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Pereda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2206.2005.00347.x","article-title":"Child abuse in China: A yet-to-be-acknowledged social problem in the Chinese mainland","volume":"10","author":"Qiao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Child and Family Social Work"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0120","first-page":"417","article-title":"Sexual behavior and influence factors among 693 female technical secondary school students","volume":"31","author":"Qiu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of School Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1300\/J070v14n04_06","article-title":"Childhood physical and sexual abuse in China","volume":"14","author":"Ross","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0130","series-title":"World report on violence and health","article-title":"Child abuse and neglect by parents and other caregivers","author":"Runyan","year":"2002"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/15660970412331292306","article-title":"The world studies of abuse in the family environment (WorldSAFE): A model of a multi-national study of family violence","volume":"11","author":"Sadowski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Injury Control & Safety Promotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0140","series-title":"A history of the national incidence study of child abuse and neglect","author":"Sedlak","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0145","series-title":"Executive summary of the third national incidence study of child abuse and neglect","author":"Sedlak","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0150","series-title":"Fourth National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect (NIS-4): Report to congress executive summary","author":"Sedlak","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2008.07.006","article-title":"Long-term effects of interparental violence and child physical maltreatment experiences on PTSD and behavior problems: A national survey of Taiwanese college students","volume":"33","author":"Shen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0160","series-title":"Procedural guideline for handling child abuse cases","author":"Social Welfare Department","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-012-0549-y","article-title":"The neglect of child neglect: A meta-analytic review of the prevalence of neglect","volume":"48","author":"Stoltenborgh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2012.708014","article-title":"The universality of childhood emotional abuse: A meta-analysis of worldwide prevalence","volume":"21","author":"Stoltenborgh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/00207594.2012.697165","article-title":"Cultural-geographical differences in the occurrence of child physical abuse? A meta-analysis of global prevalence","volume":"48","author":"Stoltenborgh","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559511403920","article-title":"A global perspective on child sexual abuse: Meta-analysis of prevalence around the world","volume":"16","author":"Stoltenborgh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0190","series-title":"Current controversies on family violence","first-page":"137","article-title":"Children should never, ever, be spanked no matter what the circumstances","author":"Straus","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0195","series-title":"Beating the devil out of them: Corporal punishment in American families and its effects on children","author":"Straus","year":"2001"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(97)00174-9","article-title":"Identification of child maltreatment with the Parent\u2013Child Conflict Tactics Scales: Development and psychometric data for a national sample of American parents","volume":"22","author":"Straus","year":"1998","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0205","series-title":"Taiwanese birth rate plummets despite measures","author":"Sui","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0210","series-title":"Gender statistics","author":"Taiwan Ministry of Education","year":"2012"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2134(96)00075-0","article-title":"Adolescent abuse in Hong Kong Chinese families","volume":"20","author":"Tang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0220","first-page":"688","article-title":"Correlation between psychopathological symptoms, coping style in adolescent and childhood repeated physical, emotional maltreatment","volume":"44","author":"Tao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0225","series-title":"The World Fact Book, 2013\u201314","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0230","series-title":"Measuring and monitoring child protection systems: Proposed core indicators for the East Asia and Pacific Region, strengthening child protection series No. 1","author":"United Nations Children's Fund","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0235","series-title":"Social indicators","author":"United Nations Statistics Division","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0240","series-title":"Cultural differences in parenting practices: What Asian American families can teach us (Frances McClelland Institute for Children, Youth, and Families Research Link, Vol. 2, No. 1)","author":"Van Campen","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0245","first-page":"25","article-title":"An analysis of frequency and influencing factors of child abuse","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Social Medicine"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0250","first-page":"4654","article-title":"Analysis on childhood abuse experience and the influencing factors among 1762 college students","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Modern Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011_bib0255","first-page":"1028","article-title":"Self-injurious behaviors in adolescents with repeated childhood abuse","volume":"24","author":"Xiao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Public Health"}],"container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014521341400386X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014521341400386X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]],"date-time":"2018-09-26T22:20:03Z","timestamp":1538000403000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S014521341400386X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S014521341400386X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2134"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-2134","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A meta-analysis of child physical abuse prevalence in China","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child Abuse & Neglect","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}