{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:34:33Z","timestamp":1761129273535,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443657600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01 MH 61404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01 MH 61404"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,22]],"date-time":"2015-07-22T13:18:11Z","timestamp":1437571091000},"page":"80-91","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Positive change following adversity and psychological adjustment over time in abused foster youth"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Christine E.","family":"Valdez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ban Hong (Phylice)","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher P.","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191","article-title":"Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change","volume":"84","author":"Bandura","year":"1977","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2003.08.008","article-title":"Social cognitive theory of posttraumatic recovery: The role of perceived self-efficacy","volume":"42","author":"Benight","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199703000-00012","article-title":"Validity of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire in an adolescent psychiatric population","volume":"36","author":"Bernstein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"year":"1998","series-title":"Childhood trauma questionnaire: A retrospective self-report","author":"Bernstein","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0030"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.159.1.115","article-title":"Early sexual abuse and clinical depression in adult life","volume":"159","author":"Bifulco","year":"1991","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000127590.95585.65","article-title":"Mental health need and access to mental health services by youths involved with child welfare","volume":"43","author":"Burns","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1177\/109442819814004","article-title":"The conceptualization and analysis of change over time: An integrative approach incorporating Longitudinal Mean and Covariance Structures Analysis (LMACS) and Multiple Indicator Latent Growth Modeling (MLGM)","volume":"1","author":"Chan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Organizational Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579400007318","article-title":"Equifinality and multifinality in developmental psychopathology","volume":"8","author":"Cicchetti","year":"1996","journal-title":"Developmental Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2010.04.008","article-title":"Is compassion for others stress buffering? Consequences of compassion and social support for physiological reactivity to stress","volume":"46","author":"Cosley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2206.2006.00433.x","article-title":"Early outcomes for young adults transitioning from out-of-home care in the USA","volume":"11","author":"Courtney","year":"2006","journal-title":"Child & Family Social Work"},{"year":"2005","series-title":"Midwest evaluation of the adult functioning of former foster youth: Outcomes at age 19","author":"Courtney","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0065"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0070","first-page":"685","article-title":"Foster youth transitions to adulthood. A longitudinal view of youth leaving care","volume":"80","author":"Courtney","year":"2001","journal-title":"Child Welfare: Journal of Policy, Practice, and Program"},{"year":"2004","series-title":"Midwest evaluation of the adult functioning of former foster youth: Conditions of youth preparing to leave state care","author":"Courtney","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0075"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327906mbr1802_2","article-title":"Cross validation of covariance structures","volume":"18","author":"Cudeck","year":"1983","journal-title":"Multivariate Behavioral Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840050044258","article-title":"Intimate partner abuse among women diagnosed with depression","volume":"21","author":"Dienemann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Issues in Mental Health Nursing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490090104","article-title":"Cumulative trauma: The impact of child sexual abuse, adult sexual assault, and spouse abuse","volume":"9","author":"Follette","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Traumatic Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.69.6.1048","article-title":"Positive and negative life changes following sexual assault","volume":"69","author":"Frazier","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"year":"2007","series-title":"Casey Family Programs Young Adult Survey 2006: Examining outcomes for young adults served in out-of-home care","author":"Havalchak","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0095"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.74.5.797","article-title":"A meta-analytic review of benefit finding and growth","volume":"74","author":"Helgeson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.74.5.841","article-title":"Urban teens: Trauma, posttraumatic growth, and emotional distress among female adolescents","volume":"74","author":"Ickovics","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1080\/15325020490890741","article-title":"Understanding positive change following trauma and adversity: Structural clarification","volume":"10","author":"Joseph","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Loss & Trauma: Interpersonal Perspectives on Stress & Coping"},{"year":"2011","series-title":"Principles and practice of structural equation modeling","author":"Kline","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0125"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOTS.0000014671.27856.7e","article-title":"Positive change following trauma and adversity: A review","volume":"17","author":"Linley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Traumatic Stress"},{"year":"2013","series-title":"Longitudinal structural equation modeling","author":"Little","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0135"},{"year":"2010","series-title":"Mental Health Service Use of Youth Leaving Foster Care (Voyages) 2001\u20132003 [Dataset]","author":"McMillen","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0140"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1093\/swr\/22.3.173","article-title":"The Perceived Benefit Scales: Measuring perceived positive life changes after negative events","volume":"22","author":"McMillen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Social Work Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.55.7.811","article-title":"Use of mental health services among older youths in foster care","volume":"55","author":"McMillen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychiatry Services"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000145806.24274.d2","article-title":"Prevalence of psychiatric disorders among older youths in the foster care system","volume":"44","author":"McMillen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2011.06.003","article-title":"Posttraumatic growth among children and adolescents: A systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Meyerson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1177\/0743558403258273","article-title":"Posttraumatic growth among adolescents","volume":"19","author":"Milam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4073\/csr.2011.5","article-title":"Youth empowerment programs for improving self-efficacy and self-esteem of adolescents","volume":"5","author":"Morton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Campbell Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2008.06.003","article-title":"Natural mentoring and psychosocial outcomes among older transitioning from foster care","volume":"31","author":"Munson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Child and Youth Services Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0180","unstructured":"Nietzsche, F. (1889\/1990). The twilight of the idols and the anti-Christ: Or how to philosophize with a hammer. Harmondsworth, London: Penguin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2206.2006.00427.x","article-title":"Mentoring adolescent foster youth, Promoting resilience during developmental transitions","volume":"11","author":"Osterling","year":"2006","journal-title":"Child and Family Social Work"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.129.1.52","article-title":"Predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and symptoms in adults: A meta-analysis","volume":"129","author":"Ozer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.74.5.791","article-title":"Introduction to the special section: Growth following highly stressful life events \u2013 Current status and future directions","volume":"74","author":"Park","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"year":"2003","series-title":"Assessing the effects of foster care: Early results from the Casey National Alumni Study","author":"Pecora","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0200"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.10117","article-title":"Posttraumatic growth after war: A study with former refugees and displaced people in Sarajevo","volume":"59","author":"Powell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0210","first-page":"727","article-title":"Transition from care: Status and outcomes of youth who age out of foster care","volume":"82","author":"Reilly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Welfare: Journal of Policy, Practice, and Program"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559511402985","article-title":"Understanding social support's role in the relationship between maltreatment and depression in youth with foster care experience","volume":"16","author":"Salazar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2013.10.005","article-title":"A meta-analytic clarification of the relationship between posttraumatic growth and posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"28","author":"Shakespeare-Finch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"year":"1994","series-title":"Major Depression Outcomes Module: User's Manual","author":"Smith","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0225"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1019763130150","article-title":"Validity of the Depression-Arkansas (D-ARK) Scale: A tool for measuring major depressive disorder","volume":"4","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mental Health Services Research"},{"year":"1995","series-title":"Trauma and transformation: Growing in the aftermath of suffering","author":"Tedeschi","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0235"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490090305","article-title":"The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma","volume":"9","author":"Tedeschi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Traumatic Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli1501_01","article-title":"Posttraumatic growth: Conceptual foundations and empirical evidence","volume":"15","author":"Tedeschi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychological Inquiry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167202286009","article-title":"Positive and negative effects of HIV infection in women with low socioeconomic resources","volume":"28","author":"Updegraff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164408318775","article-title":"Stress-related growth in racial\/ethnic minority adolescents: Measurement structure and validity","volume":"69","author":"Vaughn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement"},{"year":"2011","series-title":"Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS) report: Preliminary estimates for FY 2010 as of June 2011","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0260"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.10137","article-title":"The Depression-Arkansas Scale: A validation study of a new brief depression scale in an HMO","volume":"59","author":"Walter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1177\/1063426608320356","article-title":"Depression among alumni of foster care: Decreasing rates through improvement of experiences in care","volume":"17","author":"White","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders"}],"container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145213415002367?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145213415002367?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T12:17:26Z","timestamp":1620994646000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0145213415002367"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0145213415002367"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2134"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0145-2134"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Positive change following adversity and psychological adjustment over time in abused foster youth","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child Abuse & Neglect","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.07.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}