{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T07:26:09Z","timestamp":1787901969167,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P 26584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P 26584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,22]],"date-time":"2017-12-22T05:29:39Z","timestamp":1513920579000},"page":"488-501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Child abuse and neglect in institutional settings, cumulative lifetime traumatization, and psychopathological long-term correlates in adult survivors: The Vienna Institutional Abuse Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Lueger-Schuster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Knefel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias M.","family":"Gl\u00fcck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhold","family":"Jagsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktoria","family":"Kantor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Weindl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-005-0624-4","article-title":"The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood","volume":"256","author":"Anda","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0010","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mental health pathways linking childhood maltreatment to interpersonal revictimization during adolescence for girls in the Child Welfare System","author":"Auslander","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0015","series-title":"Childhood trauma questionnaire: a retrospective self-report","author":"Bernstein","year":"1998"},{"issue":"67","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0020","first-page":"408","article-title":"The truly disadvantaged? Midlife outcome dynamics of individuals with experiences of out-of-home care","author":"Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/27.7.575","article-title":"The influence of socioeconomic status and ethnicity on adolescents\u2019 exposure to stressful life events","volume":"27","author":"Brady","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-014-9969-1","article-title":"Socio-economic status and co-morbidity as risk factors for trauma","volume":"30","author":"Brattstr\u00f6m","year":"2015","journal-title":"European Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2003.09.008","article-title":"Prevalence and psychological sequelae of self-reported childhood physical and sexual abuse in a general population sample of men and women","volume":"27","author":"Briere","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1080\/16506070310000957","article-title":"Internet-based questionnaire assessment: appropriate use in clinical contexts","volume":"32","author":"Buchanan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2009.11.003","article-title":"Adult adjustment of survivors of institutional child abuse in Ireland","volume":"34","author":"Carr","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000049","article-title":"The role of early life stress in adult psychiatric disorders: a Systematic Review According to Childhood Trauma Subtypes","volume":"201","author":"Carr","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0055","first-page":"1609","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences reported by adults -five states, 2009","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0060","series-title":"Behavioral risk factor surveillance system survey ACE module data,2010 . atlanta, Georgia: U.S. department of health and human services","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838005275087","article-title":"Sexual revictimization: A review of the empirical literature","volume":"6","author":"Classen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trauma, Violence & Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0070","series-title":"Evidence based treatments for trauma-related psychological disorders. A practical guide for clinicians","first-page":"277","article-title":"STAIR narrative therapy","author":"Cloitre","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0075","series-title":"International trauma questionnaire for ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD","author":"Cloitre","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0080","series-title":"SCL -90-R Symptom Checklist -90-R administration, scoring and procedures manual","author":"Derogatis","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.8.1453","article-title":"Relationship between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment and adult mental health in community respondents: results from the adverse childhood experiences study","volume":"160","author":"Edwards","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0090","series-title":"Life events checklist f\u00fcr DSM-5 (LEC-5)","author":"Ehring","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0095","series-title":"PTSD checkliste f\u00fcr DSM-5 (PCL-5)","article-title":"http:\/\/zep-hh.de\/service\/diagnostik\/","author":"Ehring","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2008.09.012","article-title":"Lifetime assessment of poly-victimization in a national sample of children and youth","volume":"33","author":"Finkelhor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.04.021","article-title":"Child maltreatment and adult psychopathology in an Irish context","volume":"45","author":"Fitzhenry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1002\/car.1083","article-title":"Profiles of adult survivors of severe sexual, physical and emotional institutional abuse in Ireland","volume":"19","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Abuse Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0115","first-page":"56","article-title":"Profiles of resilient survivors of institutional abuse in Ireland","volume":"12","author":"Flanagan","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Child & Family Welfare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0120","series-title":"BSI: the brief sympton inventory von L.R. derogatis (Kurzform der SCL 90 R)","author":"Franke","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0125","first-page":"82","article-title":"Der Einsatz des Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18) bei Psychotherapiepatienten","volume":"61","author":"Franke","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327019eb0404_1","article-title":"Betrayal trauma: traumatic amnesia as an adaptive response to childhood abuse","volume":"4","author":"Freyd","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ethics & Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61087-8","article-title":"Child maltreatment: variation in trends and policies in six developed countries","volume":"379","author":"Gilbert","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0140","first-page":"91","article-title":"Complex trauma and mental health in children and adolescents placed in foster care: findings from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network","volume":"90","author":"Greeson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Child Welfare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0145","first-page":"287","article-title":"Maltreatment in childhood and adolescence: results from a survey of a representative sample of the German population","volume":"108","author":"H\u00e4user","year":"2011","journal-title":"Deutsches Arzteblatt International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0150","volume":"15","author":"H\u00f6nigsberger","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0155","series-title":"IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 22.0","author":"Corp","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2016.10.009","article-title":"An initial psychometric assessment of an ICD-11 based measure of PTSD and complex PTSD (ICD-TQ): Evidence of construct validity","volume":"44","author":"Karatzias","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.09.032","article-title":"Evidence of distinct profiles of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) based on the new ICD-11 trauma questionnaire (ICD-TQ)","volume":"207","author":"Karatzias","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.080499","article-title":"Childhood adversities and adult psychopathology in the WHO world mental health surveys","volume":"197","author":"Kessler","year":"2010","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0175","series-title":"Internationaler traumafragebogen, forschungsversion","author":"Knefel","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0180","series-title":"Endbericht der kommission wilhelminenberg. wien","author":"Kommission Wilheminenberg","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-017-1541-6","article-title":"The German version of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): psychometric properties and diagnostic utility","volume":"17","author":"Kr\u00fcger-Gottschalk","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-010-9369-2","article-title":"Direct and indirect effects of childhood adversity on adult depression","volume":"48","author":"LaNoue","year":"2012","journal-title":"Community Mental Health Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.09081168","article-title":"Emotion modulation in PTSD: Clinical and neurobiological evidence for a dissociative subtype","volume":"167","author":"Lanius","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.07.013","article-title":"Institutional abuse of children in the Austrian Catholic Church: types of abuse and impact on adult survivors\u2026 current mental health","volume":"38","author":"Lueger-Schuster","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0205","series-title":"Psychotraumatologische fragestellungen zu sexuellem missbrauch und gewalt in einrichtungen des landes nieder\u00f6sterreich. wien","author":"Lueger-Schuster","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579403000415","article-title":"The impact of institutionalization on child development","volume":"15","author":"MacLean","year":"2003","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-009-9383-4","article-title":"Behavior problems in children adopted from psychosocially depriving institutions","volume":"38","author":"Merz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.08.057075","article-title":"Child maltreatment prevention: a systematic review of reviews","volume":"87","author":"Mikton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007752719557","article-title":"Relationship between attachment style and posttraumatic stress symptomatology among adults who report the experience of childhood abuse","volume":"13","author":"Muller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Traumatic Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001349","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001349","article-title":"The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Norman","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.01.007","article-title":"Stress appraisals and cellular aging: A key role for anticipatory threat in the relationship between psychological stress and telomere length","volume":"26","author":"O\u2019Donovan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579411000186","article-title":"Foundations of posttraumatic stress disorder: Does early life trauma lead to adult posttraumatic stress disorder?","volume":"23","author":"Pratchett","year":"2011","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0245","first-page":"727","article-title":"Transition from care: status and outcomes of youth who age out of foster care","volume":"82","author":"Reilly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Welfare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i02","article-title":"lavaan: an R package for structural equation modeling","volume":"48","author":"Rosseel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0255","article-title":"Evidence based treatments for trauma-related psychological disorders: a practical guide for clinicians","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.bp.111.037135","article-title":"Child abuse and neglect: A major public health issue and the role of child and adolescent mental health services","volume":"36","author":"Shaw","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Psychiatrist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21778","article-title":"Dangerous safe havens: institutional betrayal exacerbates sexual trauma","volume":"26","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Traumatic Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037564","article-title":"Institutional betrayal","volume":"69","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"The American Psychologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0275","series-title":"Bildung in zahlen 2014\/2015: schl\u00fcsselindikatoren und analysen","author":"Statistik Austria","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.01.008","article-title":"Cumulative childhood maltreatment and its dose-response relation with adult symptomatology: findings in a sample of adult survivors of sexual abuse","volume":"65","author":"Steine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.1792","article-title":"Assessment of the harmful psychiatric and behavioral effects of different forms of child maltreatment","volume":"72","author":"Vachon","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0290","series-title":"The life events checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5)","author":"Weathers","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0295","series-title":"The PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)","author":"Weathers","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2007.12.006","article-title":"Childhood victimization and lifetime revictimization","volume":"32","author":"Widom","year":"2008","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0305","first-page":"442","volume":"60","author":"Wingenfeld","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0310","series-title":"Strukturiertes klinisches interview f\u00fcr DSM-IV: achse I: psychische St\u00f6rungen\/Achse II: pers\u00f6nlichkeitsst\u00f6rungen","author":"Wittchen","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0315","first-page":"179","article-title":"The impact of child abuse in community institutions and organizations: Advancing professional and scientific understanding","volume":"10","author":"Wolfe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2016.1170088","article-title":"Experience of a lifetime: study abroad, trauma, and institutional betrayal. Journal of Aggression","volume":"26","author":"Wright","year":"2016","journal-title":"Maltreatment & Trauma"}],"container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014521341730457X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014521341730457X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]],"date-time":"2019-12-06T14:38:36Z","timestamp":1575643116000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S014521341730457X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S014521341730457X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2134"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-2134","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Child abuse and neglect in institutional settings, cumulative lifetime traumatization, and psychopathological long-term correlates in adult survivors: The Vienna Institutional Abuse Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child Abuse & Neglect","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}