{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T17:12:03Z","timestamp":1788801123290,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T17:52:34Z","timestamp":1608141154000},"page":"104828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Outcomes and outputs affiliated with Children\u2019s Advocacy Centers in the United States: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Kristi K.","family":"Westphaln","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Regoeczi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Masotya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget","family":"Vazquez-Westphaln","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitlin","family":"Lounsbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lolita","family":"McDavid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HaeNim","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Ronis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore","family":"Cross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559511418220","article-title":"Utilization and implementation of trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy for the treatment of maltreated children","volume":"17","author":"*Allen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036533","article-title":"Changing clinicians\u2019 beliefs about treatment for children experiencing trauma: The impact of intensive training in an evidence-based, trauma-focused treatment","volume":"6","author":"*Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2014.932878","article-title":"The influence of narrative practice techniques on child behaviors in forensic interviews","volume":"23","author":"*Anderson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2016.1194356","article-title":"\"I only want to know what you know\": The use of orienting messages during forensic interviews and their effects on child behavior","volume":"25","author":"*Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616","article-title":"Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework","volume":"8","author":"Arksey","year":"2005","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Research Methodology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-015-0089-0","article-title":"Instruments to measure patient experience of healthcare quality in hospitals: A systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Beattie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2018.05425","article-title":"Family resilience and connection promote flourishing among US children, even amid adversity","volume":"38","author":"Bethell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Affairs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2012.647263","article-title":"Predictors of secondary traumatic stress among children\u2019s advocacy center forensic interviewers","volume":"21","author":"*Bonach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2010.522495","article-title":"Exploring nonoffending caregiver satisfaction with a Children's Advocacy Center","volume":"19","author":"*Bonach","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.01.023","article-title":"A nurse practitioner-led intervention for runaway adolescents who have been sexually assaulted or sexually exploited: Effects on trauma symptoms, suicidality, and self-injury","volume":"90","author":"*Bounds","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s10560-018-0557-1","article-title":"Multidisciplinary team involvement and prosecutorial decisions in child sexual abuse cases","volume":"35","author":"*Bracewell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2018.1474413","article-title":"Outcry consistency and prosecutorial decisions in child sexual abuse cases","volume":"27","author":"*Bracewell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qualitative Research in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.04.011","article-title":"Child advocacy center multidisciplinary team decision and its association to child protective services outcomes","volume":"46","author":"*Brink","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X020080S205","article-title":"Child advocacy outreach: Using telehealth to expand child sexual abuse services in rural Kentucky","volume":"8","author":"*Burton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559599004003005","article-title":"Extended forensic evaluation when sexual abuse is suspected: A model and preliminary data","volume":"4","author":"*Carnes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2012.02608.x","article-title":"Annual research review: Resilient functioning in maltreated children- past, present, and future perspectives","volume":"54","author":"Cicchetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.2307\/2094589","article-title":"Social change and crime rate trends: A routine activity approach","volume":"44","author":"Cohen","year":"1979","journal-title":"American Sociological Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0095","first-page":"10","article-title":"A community approach to child sexual abuse: The role of the district attorney","volume":"9","author":"Cramer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Response"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0100","series-title":"Designing and conducting mixed methods research","author":"Creswell","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2005.07.009","article-title":"Forensic interviewing in child sexual abuse cases: Current techniques and future directions","volume":"11","author":"*Cronch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aggression and Violent Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2012.642466","article-title":"Mental health professionals in children's advocacy centers: Is there role conflict?","volume":"21","author":"*Cross","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2007.04.007","article-title":"Child forensic interviewing in Children's Advocacy Centers: Empirical data on a practice model","volume":"31","author":"Cross","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0120","article-title":"\"EvaluatingChildren\u2019s Advocacy Centers\u2019 Response to Child Sexual Abuse\"","volume":"106","author":"*Cross","year":"2008","journal-title":"Juvenile Justice Bulletin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579401003078","article-title":"Developmental traumatology: The psychobiological development of maltreated children and its implications for research, treatment, and policy","volume":"13","author":"De Bellis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.02.022","article-title":"Legal decision-making in child sexual abuse investigations: A mixed-methods study of factors that influence prosecution","volume":"79","author":"*Duron","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2018.1484833","article-title":"Searching for truth: The forensic interviewer\u2019s use of an assessment approach while conducting child sexual abuse interviews","volume":"29","author":"*Duron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0140","first-page":"138","article-title":"Considerations for pursuing multiple session forensic interviews in child sexual abuse investigations","volume":"29","author":"*Duron","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063210375973","article-title":"Differences in legal outcomes for male and female children who have been sexually abused","volume":"22","author":"*Edelson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sexual Abuse A Journal of Research and Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0150","first-page":"4","article-title":"Differences in abuse and related risk and protective factors by runaway status for adolescents seen at a U.S. Child Advocacy Centre","volume":"1","author":"*Edinburgh","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Child and Adolescent Resilience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.04.016","article-title":"Assessing exploitation experiences of girls and boys seen at a Child Advocacy Center","volume":"46","author":"*Edinburgh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2008.05.006","article-title":"Caring for young adolescent sexual abuse victims in a hospital-based children's advocacy center","volume":"32","author":"*Edinburgh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2015.07.002","article-title":"A review of Children\u2019s Advocacy Centers\u2019 (CACs) response to cases of child maltreatment in the United States","volume":"25","author":"*Elmquist","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aggression and Violent Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2393","article-title":"A new comprehensive measure of high value aspects of primary care","volume":"17","author":"Etz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annals of Family Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2010.522494","article-title":"Extended evaluations in cases of child sexual abuse: How many sessions are sufficient?","volume":"19","author":"Faller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0180","series-title":"\"Rethinking MCH: The life course model as an organizing framework\"","first-page":"1","author":"Fine","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2016.1208705","article-title":"Child and interviewer race in forensic interviewing","volume":"25","author":"*Fisher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.06.014","article-title":"Language competence in forensic interviews for suspected child sexual abuse","volume":"58","author":"*Fontes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2012.661695","article-title":"Comment on Cross, Fine, Jones, and Walsh (2012): Do mental health professionals who serve on\/with child advocacy centers experience role conflict?","volume":"21","author":"*Friend","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2307\/1129837","article-title":"The study of stress and competence in children: A building block for developmental psychopathology","volume":"55","author":"Garmezy","year":"1984","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2012.661696","article-title":"Comment on Cross, Fine, Jones, and Walsh (2012): We are now on the same page","volume":"21","author":"*Goldstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0210","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: Building an international community of software partners","volume":"95","author":"*Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap) \u2013 A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"*Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1080\/19361521.2013.836586","article-title":"Factors impacting prosecution of child sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect cases processed through a Children's Advocacy Center","volume":"6","author":"*Hartley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838015585319","article-title":"Evidence for the efficacy of the Child Advocacy Center model: A systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Herbert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trauma, Violence & Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.09.030","article-title":"A national survey of characteristics of child advocacy centers in the United States: Do the flagship models match those in broader practice?","volume":"76","author":"Herbert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2010.511988","article-title":"The use of anatomical dolls as a demonstration aid in child sexual abuse interviews: A study of forensic interviewers' perceptions","volume":"19","author":"*Hlavka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1086\/222355","article-title":"Social behavior as exchange","volume":"63","author":"Homans","year":"1958","journal-title":"The American Journal of Sociology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2007.01.008","article-title":"Child advocacy centers: Providing support to primary care providers","volume":"22","author":"*Hornor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of pediatric health care: Official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2003.09.020","article-title":"A USA national survey of program services provided by child advocacy centers","volume":"28","author":"*Jackson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2012.02.015","article-title":"Results from the Virginia multidisciplinary Team Knowledge and functioning Survey: The importance of differentiating by groups affiliated with a child advocacy center","volume":"34","author":"*Jackson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Children and Youth Services Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01876643","article-title":"Intervention for victims of child sexual abuse: An evaluation of the Children\u2019s Advocacy Model","volume":"13","author":"*Jensen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559504267004","article-title":"Legal outcomes for children who have been sexually abused: The impact of child abuse assessment center evaluations","volume":"9","author":"*Joa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/15228835.2013.861783","article-title":"A qualitative study of communication among child advocacy multidisciplinary team members using a web-based case tracking system","volume":"31","author":"*Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Technology in Human Services"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.2152","article-title":"Effects of child interview tactics on prospective jurors\u2019 decisions","volume":"32","author":"*Johnson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260509334394","article-title":"Nonoffending caregiver and youth experiences with child sexual abuse investigations","volume":"25","author":"*Jones","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2007.07.003","article-title":"Do Children\u2019s Advocacy Centers improve families' experiences of child sexual abuse investigations?","volume":"31","author":"*Jones","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0290","first-page":"S33","article-title":"Opportunities for cross-system collaboration: The evaluation of trauma in Children\u2019s Advocacy Centers","volume":"56","author":"*Keeshin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0362-3319(02)00230-6","article-title":"Child sexual abuse: A marker or magnifying glass for family dysfunction?","volume":"39","author":"*Kellogg","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Social Science Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2016.11.030","article-title":"Implementation and program evaluation of trauma-informed care training across state child advocacy centers: An exploratory study","volume":"73","author":"*Kenny","year":"2017","journal-title":"Children and Youth Services Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0305","series-title":"Stress, appraisal, and coping","author":"Lazarus","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-5-69","article-title":"Scoping Studies: Advancing the methodology","volume":"5","author":"Levac","year":"2010","journal-title":"Implementation Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559508318398","article-title":"Telling interviewers about sexual abuse: Predictors of child disclosure at forensic interviews","volume":"14","author":"*Lippert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559509360251","article-title":"Suspect confession of child sexual abuse to investigators","volume":"15","author":"*Lippert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2008.02.005","article-title":"Families who begin versus decline therapy for children who are sexually abused","volume":"32","author":"*Lippert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3390\/children5070098","article-title":"Resilience in children: Developmental perspectives","volume":"5","author":"Masten","year":"2018","journal-title":"Children."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2013.830665","article-title":"The seven pillars of quality care in a statewide pediatric sexual assault nurse examiner program","volume":"22","author":"*Meunier-Sham","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2008.07.002","article-title":"The contribution of children\u2019s advocacy centers to felony prosecutions of child sexual abuse","volume":"33","author":"*Miller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and MetaAnalyses: The PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.01.016","article-title":"Provider ambivalence about using forensic medical evaluation to respond to child abuse: A content and discourse analysis","volume":"65","author":"*Morris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0355","series-title":"Standards for accredited members","author":"National Children\u2019s Alliance","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0360","series-title":"Healing, justice, and trust: A national report on outcomes for Children's Advocacy Centers","author":"National Children\u2019s Alliance","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0365","series-title":"Standards for accredited chapter members. 2020 Edition","author":"National Children\u2019s Alliance","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0370","series-title":"NCA 2020: Our next 5 years, Strategic plan and purpose","author":"National Children\u2019s Alliance","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0375","series-title":"NIMHD research framework","author":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0380","unstructured":"National Children's Alliance , 2020, Our Story, Retrieved from https:\/\/www.nationalchildrensalliance.org\/our-story."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1300\/J070v14n02_06","article-title":"Children\u2019s protective services and law enforcement: Fostering partnerships in investigations of child abuse","volume":"14","author":"*Newman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s10560-005-3416-9","article-title":"Child abuse investigations: Reasons for using Child Advocacy Centers and suggestions for improvement","volume":"22","author":"*Newman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406917733847","article-title":"Thematic Analysis: Striving to meet trustworthiness criteria","volume":"16","author":"Nowell","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0400","series-title":"Psychometric theory","author":"Nunnally","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0405","first-page":"93","article-title":"Effectiveness of Child Advocacy Centers and the multidisciplinary team approach on prosecution rates of alleged sex offenders and satisfaction of non-offending caregivers with allegations of child sexual abuse: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"*Nwogu","year":"2016","journal-title":"JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0410","series-title":"Lighting the path ahead: A statewide outcomes measurement report for ONCAC","author":"*Ohio Network of Children\u2019s Advocacy Centers","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000050","article-title":"Guidance for conducting systematic scoping reviews","volume":"13","author":"Peters","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Evidence-based Healthcare"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030312","article-title":"Do case outcomes change when investigative interviewing practices change?","volume":"19","author":"*Pipe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychology Public Policy and Law"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0425","series-title":"Child Advocacy Centers and child sexual abuse in Nevada","first-page":"923","author":"*Ruggieri","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e232","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2663","article-title":"The lifelong effects of early childhood adversity and toxic stress","volume":"129","author":"Shonkoff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2010.02.009","article-title":"Mother reports of maternal support following child sexual abuse: Preliminary psychometric data on the Maternal Self-report Support Questionnaire (MSSQ)","volume":"34","author":"Smith","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559506292277","article-title":"Service outcomes in physical and sexual abuse cases: A comparison of child advocacy center-based and standard services","volume":"11","author":"Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2011.539999","article-title":"A state survey of Child Advocacy Center therapists\u2019 attitudes toward treatment manuals and evidence-based practice","volume":"20","author":"*Staudt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2009.10.002","article-title":"Domestic violence assessments in the child advocacy center","volume":"34","author":"*Thackeray","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559508318068","article-title":"The use of TeleCAM as a remote Web-based application for child maltreatment assessment, peer review, and case documentation","volume":"13","author":"*Thraen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2016.01.003","article-title":"Who is advocating for children under six? Uncovering unmet needs in child advocacy","volume":"61","author":"*Vanderzee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Children and Youth Services Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260511421671","article-title":"Do parents blame or doubt their child more when sexually abused by adolescents versus adults?","volume":"27","author":"*Walsh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2007.04.006","article-title":"Which sexual abuse victims receive a forensic medical examination? The impact of Children's Advocacy Centers","volume":"31","author":"*Walsh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2014.868386","article-title":"Using child advocacy center tracking data to examine criminal disposition times","volume":"23","author":"*Walsh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559507307839","article-title":"How long to prosecute child sexual abuse for a community using a Children's Advocacy Center and two comparison communities?","volume":"13","author":"*Walsh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0485","series-title":"Measurement in nursing and health research","author":"Waltz","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.2.206","article-title":"Measuring the impact of medical research: Moving from outputs to outcomes","volume":"164","author":"Weiss","year":"2007","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559517725207","article-title":"TSCC and TSCYC screening forms in a clinical sample: Reliability, validity, and creating local clinical norms","volume":"23","author":"*Wherry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2015.1009606","article-title":"A national survey of child advocacy center directors regarding knowledge of assessment, treatment referral, and training needs in physical and sexual abuse","volume":"24","author":"*Wherry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559515619487","article-title":"A short form of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for children","volume":"21","author":"*Wherry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/01488376.2015.1077493","article-title":"Perceptions of the value of extended assessments to resolve allegations of sexual abuse: It\u2019s the performance that counts","volume":"42","author":"*Williams","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Social Service Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s10560-007-0087-8","article-title":"Evaluation of the Children\u2019s Advocacy Center model: Efficiency, legal and revictimization outcomes","volume":"24","author":"*Wolfteich","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-37722014000400004","article-title":"Family victim advocates: The importance of critical job duties","volume":"30","author":"*Young","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psicologia Teoria E Pesquisa"}],"container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014521342030483X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014521342030483X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T01:19:20Z","timestamp":1758935960000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S014521342030483X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":104,"alternative-id":["S014521342030483X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2134"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-2134","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Outcomes and outputs affiliated with Children\u2019s Advocacy Centers in the United States: A scoping review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child Abuse & Neglect","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104828","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104828"}}