{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:12:30Z","timestamp":1789171950714,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]],"date-time":"2021-04-17T17:21:00Z","timestamp":1618680060000},"page":"105068","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Mothers as perpetrators and bystanders of child sexual abuse"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Jelena","family":"Gerke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Lipke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg M.","family":"Fegert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Rassenhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.02.015","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and incidence of sexual victimization of adolescents in institutional care","volume":"66","author":"Allroggen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2134(89)90060-4","article-title":"Mother-son incest: Confronting a prejudice","volume":"13","author":"Banning","year":"1989","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1891\/0886-6708.23.1.83","article-title":"Measurement and correlates of prosocial bystander behavior: The case of interpersonal violence","volume":"23","author":"Banyard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Violence and Victims"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1037\/a0023739","article-title":"Who will help prevent sexual violence: Creating an ecological model of bystander intervention","volume":"1","author":"Banyard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychology of Violence"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-012-0426-1","article-title":"The current prevalence of child sexual abuse worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"58","author":"Barth","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260515586373","article-title":"The impact of the bystander\u2019s relationship with the victim and the perpetrator on intent to help in situations involving sexual violence","volume":"32","author":"Bennett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOHE.0000016718.37691.86","article-title":"Community responses and perceived barriers to responding to child maltreatment","volume":"29","author":"Bensley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Community Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0","article-title":"Development and validation of a brief screening version of the childhood trauma questionnaire","volume":"27","author":"Bernstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1994.tb00614.x","article-title":"Bystander responses to public episodes of child abuse","volume":"24","author":"Christy","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0050","first-page":"25","article-title":"What is the prevalence of female-perpetrated child sexual abuse? A review of the literature","volume":"28","author":"Deering","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Forensic Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00509-4","article-title":"To a safer place? Victims of sexual abuse by females and their disclosures to professionals","volume":"27","author":"Denov","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2005.01.015","article-title":"Long-term consequences of childhood sexual abuse by gender of victim","volume":"28","author":"Dube","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689408701119","article-title":"Female sexual abuse of children:\u2019 the ultimate taboo\u2019","volume":"87","author":"Elliott","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0070","series-title":"Frauen als T\u00e4terinnen: Sexueller Mi\u00dfbrauch an M\u00e4dchen und Jungen","author":"Elliott","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0075","series-title":"Sexueller Kindesmissbrauch-Zeugnisse, Botschaften, Konsequenzen. Ergebnisse der Begleitforschung f\u00fcr die Anlaufstelle der Unabh\u00e4ngigen Beauftragten der Bundesregierung zur Aufarbeitung des sexuellen Kindesmissbrauchs, Frau Dr. Christine Bergmann","author":"Fegert","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0080","first-page":"1","article-title":"Female-perpetrated child sexual abuse: Prevalence rates in Germany","author":"Gerke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00218.x","article-title":"Validity of adult retrospective reports of adverse childhood experiences: review of the evidence","volume":"45","author":"Hardt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0090","first-page":"287","article-title":"Misshandlungen in Kindheit und Jugend","volume":"108","author":"H\u00e4user","year":"2011","journal-title":"Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2001.tb02668.x","article-title":"The bystander dilemma and child abuse: Extending the Latan\u00e9 and Darley model to domestic violence","volume":"31","author":"Hoefnagels","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0100","series-title":"Verurteilte Sexualstraft\u00e4terinnen: Eine empirische Analyse sexueller Missbrauchs- und Gewaltdelikte","author":"Hunger","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0105","series-title":"V\u00e4ter als T\u00e4ter. sexuelle Gewalt gegen M\u00e4dchen","author":"Kavemann","year":"1984"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1295495","volume":"62","author":"Klinitzke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, Medizinische Psychologie"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2134(95)00011-V","article-title":"Child abuse notification in a country town","volume":"19","author":"Manning","year":"1995","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2015.978925","article-title":"Female offenders in child sexual abuse cases: A national picture","volume":"24","author":"McLeod","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1080\/10683160902776850","article-title":"Professional response and attitudes toward female-perpetrated child sexual abuse: A study of psychologists, psychiatrists, probationary psychologists and child protection workers","volume":"16","author":"Mellor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychology Crime and Law"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260514555371","article-title":"Please tell! Barriers to disclosing sexual victimization and subsequent social support perceived by children and adolescents","volume":"31","author":"M\u00fcnzer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0135","first-page":"598","article-title":"The prevalence of child sexual abuse in community and student samples: A meta-analysis","volume":"73","author":"Pereda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.11.013","article-title":"Child sexual abuse in the roman catholic church in Germany: Comparison of victim-impact data collected through church-sponsored and government-sponsored programs","volume":"40","author":"Rassenhofer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0145","series-title":"Female sexual offenders: Theory, assessment, and treatment","article-title":"Understanding the prevalence of female-perpetrated sexual abuse and the impact of that abuse on victims","author":"Saradjian","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1300\/J070v01n03_04","article-title":"The distortion of the role of mother in child sexual abuse","volume":"1","author":"Schonberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0155","series-title":"European report on preventing child maltreatment","author":"Sethi","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0160","series-title":"Repr\u00e4sentativbefragung sexueller Missbrauch 2011 [Representative survey sexual abuse 2011]","author":"Stadler","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559511403920","article-title":"A global perspective on child sexual abuse: Meta-analysis of prevalence around the world","volume":"16","author":"Stoltenborgh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0170","series-title":"Abschlussbericht der Unabh\u00e4ngigen Beauftragten f\u00fcr die Aufarbeitung des sexuellen Kindesmissbrauchs","author":"UBSKM","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-017-0185-0","article-title":"Child maltreatment in Germany: Prevalence rates in the general population","volume":"11","author":"Witt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health"}],"container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145213421001411?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145213421001411?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T01:19:12Z","timestamp":1758935952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0145213421001411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S0145213421001411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2134"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-2134","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mothers as perpetrators and bystanders of child sexual abuse","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child Abuse & Neglect","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105068","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105068"}}