{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T12:40:50Z","timestamp":1793018450660,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657238400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":280,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AA016577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA016577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AA020883"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA020883"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AA025848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA025848"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T20:49:55Z","timestamp":1625690995000},"page":"105201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Longitudinal effects of adverse childhood experiences on substance use transition patterns during young adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Jordan P.","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan S.","family":"Tucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley D.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"D'Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2010.12.012","article-title":"Adverse adolescent relationship histories and young adult health: Cumulative effects of loneliness, low parental support, relationship instability, intimate partner violence, and loss","volume":"49","author":"Adam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000176356.97620.84","article-title":"Suppression of the HPA axis stress-response: Implications for relapse","volume":"29","author":"Adinoff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371205701105","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and substance use disorders among men and women in a nationally representative sample","volume":"57","author":"Afifi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1023\/B:BEGE.0000017868.07829.45","article-title":"Cannabis and other illicit drugs: Comorbid use and abuse\/dependence in males and females","volume":"34","author":"Agrawal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behavior Genetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1600001","article-title":"The role of corticotropin-releasing factor in depression and anxiety disorders","volume":"160","author":"Arborelius","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Journal of Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0030","series-title":"Emerging adulthood: Understanding the new way of coming of age. Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century","author":"Arnett","year":"2006"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3305","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715001300","article-title":"Latent classes of childhood trauma exposure predict the development of behavioral health outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood","volume":"45","author":"Ballard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2005.02.010","article-title":"Depression and cortisol responses to psychological stress: A meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Burke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.09.022","article-title":"Adolescent substance use: Latent class and transition analysis","volume":"77","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22315","article-title":"Patterns of trauma exposure in childhood and adolescence and their associations with behavioral well-being","author":"Connell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Traumatic Stress."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-011-0269-7","article-title":"Preventing alcohol use with a voluntary after-school program for middle school students: Results from a cluster randomized controlled trial of CHOICE","volume":"13","author":"D\u2019Amico","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prevention Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.031","article-title":"Planting the seed for marijuana use: Changes in exposure to medical marijuana advertising and subsequent adolescent marijuana use, cognitions, and consequences over seven years","volume":"188","author":"D\u2019Amico","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2167696817725608","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and development in emerging adulthood","volume":"6","author":"Davis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerging Adulthood"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12707","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the association between substance use and emerging adult development using the IDEA scale","volume":"27","author":"Davis","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Journal on Addictions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0080","article-title":"Exposure to parental and community violence and the relationship to bullying perpetration and victimization among early adolescents: A parallel process growth mixture latent transition analysis","author":"Davis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Psychology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.01.009","article-title":"Extending poly-victimization theory: Differential effects of adolescents\u2019 experiences of victimization on substance use disorder diagnoses upon treatment entry","volume":"89","author":"Davis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(01)00042-7","article-title":"Developmental traumatology: A contributory mechanism for alcohol and substance use disorders","volume":"27","author":"De Bellis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-020-00303-1","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress symptoms predict transition to future adolescent and young adult moderate to heavy drinking in the NCANDA sample","volume":"7","author":"De Bellis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Addiction Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026220","article-title":"The evolutionary basis of risky adolescent behavior: implications for science, policy, and practice","volume":"48","author":"Ellis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1932","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15040","article-title":"A latent class analysis of changes in adolescent substance use between 1988 and 2011 in Sweden: Associations with sex and psychosomatic problems","volume":"115","author":"Evans","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00017-8","article-title":"Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) study","volume":"14","author":"Felitti","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2006.06.008","article-title":"Poly-victimization: A neglected component in child victimization","volume":"31","author":"Finkelhor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.0676","article-title":"Prevalence of childhood exposure to violence, crime, and abuse","volume":"169","author":"Finkelhor","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000625","article-title":"The economic burden of prescription opioid overdose, abuse, and dependence in the United States, 2013","volume":"54","author":"Florence","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.01.005","article-title":"Poly-victimization among juvenile justice-involved youths","volume":"37","author":"Ford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2008.69.291","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and early alcohol use among high-risk adolescents","volume":"69","author":"Hamburger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2452","article-title":"Child maltreatment in the United States: Prevalence, risk factors, and adolescent health consequences","volume":"118","author":"Hussey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.026","article-title":"The PHQ-8 as a measure of current depression in the general population","volume":"114","author":"Kroenke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-060116-053252","article-title":"Social structure, adversity, toxic stress, and intergenerational poverty: An early childhood model","volume":"43","author":"McEwen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annual Review of Sociology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709992121","article-title":"Childhood adversity, adult stressful life events, and risk of past-year psychiatric disorder: A test of the stress sensitization hypothesis in a population-based sample of adults","volume":"40","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13634","article-title":"Child maltreatment and cannabis use in young adulthood: A birth cohort study","volume":"112","author":"Mills","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2003.12.002","article-title":"Associations between types of maltreatment and substance use during adolescence","volume":"28","author":"Moran","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0175","series-title":"Mplus user\u2019s guide","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":"1998"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510701575396","article-title":"Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study","volume":"14","author":"Nylund","year":"2007","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2014.915375","article-title":"A latent transition mixture model using the three-step specification","volume":"21","author":"Nylund-Gibson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21833","article-title":"Synergistic childhood adversities and complex adult psychopathology","volume":"26","author":"Putnam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Traumatic Stress"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1177\/2167696816653052","article-title":"Young adulthood is the crucible of personality development","volume":"4","author":"Roberts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerging Adulthood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0200","series-title":"Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. PEP19-5068, NSDUH Series H-54)","author":"SAMHSA","year":"2019"},{"issue":"04","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579404040015","article-title":"The transition to adulthood as a critical juncture in the course of psychopathology and mental health","volume":"16","author":"Schulenberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2008.10.023","article-title":"Child abuse and neglect: Relations to adolescent binge drinking in the national longitudinal study of Adolescent Health (AddHealth) study","volume":"34","author":"Shin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2012.00255.x","article-title":"A longitudinal examination of the relationships between childhood maltreatment and patterns of adolescent substance use among high\u2010risk adolescents","volume":"21","author":"Shin","year":"2012","journal-title":"The American Journal on Addictions"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e232","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2663","article-title":"The lifelong effects of early childhood adversity and toxic stress","volume":"129","author":"Shonkoff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/0163278714521812","article-title":"Emerging adulthood: Developmental period facilitative of the addictions","volume":"37","author":"Sussman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evaluation & the Health Professions"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1177\/002204260503500205","article-title":"Substance use trajectories from early adolescence to emerging adulthood: A comparison of smoking, binge drinking, and marijuana use","volume":"35","author":"Tucker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Drug Issues"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.11.012","article-title":"Poly-victimization in a national sample of children and youth","volume":"38","author":"Turner","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2010.05.008","article-title":"Can the gateway hypothesis, the common liability model and\/or, the route of administration model predict initiation of cannabis use during adolescence? A survival analysis the TRAILS study","volume":"48","author":"Van Leeuwen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0250","article-title":"Common liability to addiction and \u201cgateway hypothesis\u201d: Theoretical, empirical and evolutionary perspective","author":"Vanyukov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2019.1701033","article-title":"Child maltreatment, fathers, and adolescent alcohol and marijuana use trajectories","volume":"55","author":"Yoon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Substance Use & Misuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.104933","article-title":"Longitudinal stability and change in adolescent substance use: A latent transition analysis","volume":"112","author":"Zych","year":"2020","journal-title":"Children and Youth Services Review"}],"container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014521342100274X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014521342100274X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T01:18:33Z","timestamp":1758935913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S014521342100274X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S014521342100274X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2134"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-2134","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Longitudinal effects of adverse childhood experiences on substance use transition patterns during young adulthood","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child Abuse & Neglect","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105201","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105201"}}