{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:12:16Z","timestamp":1790615536591,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769299200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":1061,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007810","name":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 HD31921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 HD31921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007810","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01-HD31921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01-HD31921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 AG071448"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 AG071448"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 AG071450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 AG071450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Abuse &amp; Neglect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,25]],"date-time":"2023-01-25T10:03:51Z","timestamp":1674641031000},"page":"106034","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The association between adverse childhood experiences and depression trajectories in the Add Health study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Jill","family":"Desch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad","family":"Mansuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieu","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Skai W.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chighaf","family":"Bakour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0005","series-title":"Early release of selected estimates based on data from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey","author":"Adjaye-Gbewonyo","year":"2021"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30622-6","article-title":"Screening for depression in well older adults: Evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale)","volume":"10","author":"Andresen","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.5.469","article-title":"Emerging adulthood. A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties","volume":"55","author":"Arnett","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559517736628","article-title":"Latent classes and cumulative impacts of adverse childhood experiences","volume":"23","author":"Barboza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.3109\/01612840903484105","article-title":"Factorial validity of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression 10 in adolescents","volume":"31","author":"Bradley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Issues in Mental Health Nursing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.113.1.82","article-title":"Psychopathology and early experience: A reappraisal of retrospective reports","volume":"113","author":"Brewin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-016-0597-9","article-title":"Pathways from childhood adversity to problem behaviors in young adulthood: The mediating role of adolescents\u2019 future expectations","volume":"46","author":"Brumley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2003.12.013","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and the risk of depressive disorders in adulthood","volume":"82","author":"Chapman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0050","series-title":"Guidelines for Analyzing Add Health Data","author":"Chen","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-016-0682-z","article-title":"Longitudinal trajectories of depression symptoms in adolescence: Psychosocial risk factors and outcomes","volume":"48","author":"Ellis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry and Human Development"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2022-219307","article-title":"Determinants of loss to follow-up in the Canadian longitudinal study on aging: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"76","author":"Farid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00017-8","article-title":"Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults","volume":"14","author":"Felitti","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.30.4.467","article-title":"Trajectories of stressful life events and depressive symptoms during adolescence","volume":"30","author":"Ge","year":"1994","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105335","article-title":"ACE domains and depression: Investigating which specific domains are associated with depression in adulthood","volume":"122","author":"Giano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6629(200011)28:6<571::AID-JCOP3>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Definitional and measurement issues in the study of community violence among children and youths","volume":"28","author":"Guterman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Community Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00218.x","article-title":"Validity of adult retrospective reports of adverse childhood experiences: Review of the evidence","volume":"45","author":"Hardt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.02.009","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation of a self-report scale to measure adolescent depression: The CESDR-10 in two national adolescent samples in the United States","volume":"158","author":"Haroz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0095","series-title":"The Add Health Study: Design and Accomplishments","author":"Harris","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105372","article-title":"Exploring the health burden of cumulative and specific adverse childhood experiences in New Zealand: Results from a population-based study","volume":"122","author":"Hashemi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000049","article-title":"Additive contributions of childhood adversity and recent stressors to inflammation at midlife: Findings from the MIDUS study","volume":"51","author":"Hostinar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01478-x","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and severity levels of inflammation and depression from childhood to young adulthood: A longitudinal cohort study","volume":"27","author":"Iob","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecular Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.07.045","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and depressive symptoms in later life: Longitudinal mediation effects of inflammation","volume":"90","author":"Iob","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain, Behavior, and Immunity"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.15.1701","article-title":"Screening for depression in the older adult: Criterion validity of the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)","volume":"159","author":"Irwin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2016.12.003","article-title":"Pathways from neighborhood poverty to depression among older adults","volume":"43","author":"Joshi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health & Place"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105885","article-title":"Independent and cumulative impacts of adverse childhood experiences on adolescent subgroups of anxiety and depression","volume":"122","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Children and Youth Services Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-021-02129-2","article-title":"Patterns of adverse childhood experiences and depressive symptoms: Self-esteem as a mediating mechanism","volume":"57","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106039","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on mental disorders in young adulthood: Latent classes and community violence exposure","volume":"134","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.04.004","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences, mental health, and excessive alcohol use: Examination of race\/ethnicity and sex differences","volume":"69","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2022.105681","article-title":"The occurrence and co-occurrence of ACEs and their relationship to mental health in the United States and Ireland","volume":"129","author":"McCutchen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"issue":"44","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6844e1","article-title":"Vital signs: Estimated proportion of adult health problems attributable to adverse childhood experiences and implications for prevention - 25 states, 2015\u20132017","volume":"68","author":"Merrick","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWRMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.03.016","article-title":"Unpacking the impact of adverse childhood experiences on adult mental health","volume":"69","author":"Merrick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.07.011","article-title":"Impacts of adverse childhood experiences on health, mental health, and substance use in early adulthood: A cohort study of an urban, minority sample in the U.S","volume":"37","author":"Mersky","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280216673085","article-title":"Group-based multi-trajectory modeling","volume":"27","author":"Nagin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Statistical Methods in Medical Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11020335","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment predicts unfavorable course of illness and treatment outcome in depression: A meta-analysis","volume":"169","author":"Nanni","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.12.012","article-title":"Childhood adversity and adult depression: The protective role of psychological resilience","volume":"64","author":"Poole","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.047225","article-title":"Prevalence of depression by race\/ethnicity: Findings from the National Health and nutrition examination survey III","volume":"95","author":"Riolo","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-019-01273-6","article-title":"Adversity in childhood and young adulthood predicts young adult depression","volume":"64","author":"Stern","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22887","article-title":"Trajectories of childhood adversity and the risk of depression in young adulthood: Results from the Avon longitudinal study of parents and children","volume":"36","author":"Tracy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"issue":"5365","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5365.867","article-title":"Adolescent sexual behavior, drug use, and violence: Increased reporting with computer survey technology","volume":"280","author":"Turner","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1017\/S095457940000612X","article-title":"Risk, resilience, and recovery: Perspectives from the Kauai longitudinal study","volume":"5","author":"Werner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2021.1978926","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences, adult trauma, and depressive symptom trajectories","volume":"26","author":"Wilson-Genderson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging & Mental Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.10.024","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic differences in the association of childhood adversities with depression and the role of resilience","volume":"208","author":"Youssef","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"}],"container-title":["Child Abuse &amp; Neglect"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145213423000157?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145213423000157?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T01:26:38Z","timestamp":1758936398000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0145213423000157"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0145213423000157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2134"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-2134","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The association between adverse childhood experiences and depression trajectories in the Add Health study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child Abuse & Neglect","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106034","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106034"}}