{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T04:18:16Z","timestamp":1788581896837,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":1022,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Abuse &amp; Neglect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T13:54:42Z","timestamp":1676555682000},"page":"106059","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Socio-economic and psychosocial determinants of violent discipline among parents in Asia Pacific countries during COVID-19: Focus on disadvantaged populations"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Yunhee","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darien","family":"Colson-Fearon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myungsun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soim","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunseop","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Wetzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3126\/hprospect.v17i1.20351","article-title":"Mental health in low-and middle income countries (LMICs): Going beyond the need for funding","volume":"17","author":"Alloh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Prospect: Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e517","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(19)30145-8","article-title":"Life course health consequences and associated annual costs of adverse childhood experiences across Europe and North America: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Bellis","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s11187-021-00544-y","article-title":"Economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship and small businesses","volume":"58","author":"Belitski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small Business Economics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.104292","article-title":"Analyzing and improving national and local child protection data in Nepal: A mixed methods study using 2014 multiple indicator cluster survey (MICS) data and interviews with 18 organizations","volume":"101","author":"Bhatia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-1789(00)00022-7","article-title":"Risk factors for child psychological abuse","volume":"6","author":"Black","year":"2001","journal-title":"Aggression and Violent Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paed.2017.12.008","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences","volume":"28","author":"Boullier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Paediatrics and Child Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380211013131","article-title":"Universal intervention to strengthen parenting and prevent child maltreatment: Updated systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Branco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, -."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.10.082784","article-title":"The mental health workforce gap in low-and middle-income countries: A needs-based approach","volume":"89","author":"Bruckner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260513505215","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for violent disciplinary practices at home in Viet Nam","volume":"29","author":"Cappa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s42448-021-00080-y","article-title":"The influence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including the COVID-19 pandemic, and toxic stress on development and health outcomes of latinx children in the USA: A review of the literature","volume":"4","author":"Claypool","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal on Child Maltreatment: Research, Policy and Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.03.021","article-title":"Early childhood exposure to non-violent discipline and physical and psychological aggression in low-and middle-income countries: National, regional, and global prevalence estimates","volume":"92","author":"Cuartas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.01.003","article-title":"Does the gender of parent or child matter in child maltreatment in China?","volume":"54","author":"Cui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104897","article-title":"Modelling the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on violent discipline against children","volume":"116","author":"Fabbri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0080","first-page":"727","article-title":"The impact of COVID-19 on small business owners: Evidence from the first three months after widespread social-distancing restrictions","volume":"29","author":"Fairlie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Economics & Management Strategy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0085","series-title":"Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all","article-title":"The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2021","author":"FAO","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2020.06.018","article-title":"COVID-19: A tale of two pandemics across the Asia Pacific region","volume":"35","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2020","journal-title":"Paediatric Respiratory Reviews"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-013-9735-0","article-title":"Self-control and child abuse potential in mothers with an abuse history and their preschool children","volume":"23","author":"Henschel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Child and Family Studies"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2016.1153679","article-title":"The enduring impact of violence against children","volume":"22","author":"Hillis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychology, Health & Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0060","unstructured":"Johns Hopkins University, 2022. Covid-19 dashboard by the center for systems science and engineering (csse), n.d.Covid-19 dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University, USA. https:\/\/gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com\/apps\/opsdashboard\/index.html#\/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6. (Accessed on 20th January 2021)."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867418761581","article-title":"Prevention of mental disorders requires action on adverse childhood experiences","volume":"52","author":"Jorm","year":"2018","journal-title":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-021-01070-6","article-title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal health: A scoping review","volume":"18","author":"Kotlar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reproductive Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/appy.12380","article-title":"Stigma in mental illness: Perspective from eight Asian nations","volume":"12","author":"Kudva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0120","article-title":"Impact of pandemic on mental health in lower-and middle-income countries (LMICs)","volume":"7","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Global Mental Health (Camb)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0130","series-title":"Lao social indicator survey II 2017, survey findings Report","author":"Lao Statistics","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-020-00244-3","article-title":"Parental social isolation and child maltreatment risk during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"37","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Family Violence"},{"issue":"15-16","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"NP8176","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260519842172","article-title":"Gender-specific differences in corporal punishment and children\u2019s perceptions of their mothers\u2019 and fathers\u2019 parenting","volume":"36","author":"Mehlhausen-Hassoen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.1007\/s12187-021-09847-8","article-title":"Violent child discipline in the family: Findings from Vietnam multiple indicator cluster surveys","volume":"14","author":"Minh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child Indicators Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0150","series-title":"Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey 2015\u201316. Nay Pyi Taw","author":"Ministry of Health and Sports (MoHS)","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2020.12.057","article-title":"The detrimental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence against women","volume":"134","author":"Noman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.08.001","article-title":"The continuing role of material factors in child maltreatment and placement","volume":"41","author":"Pelton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0165","volume":"Vol. 528","author":"Peterman","year":"2020"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e764","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.13651","article-title":"Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on caregiver mental health and the child caregiving environment in a low-resource, rural context","volume":"92","author":"Pitchik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559520982066","article-title":"The perfect storm: Hidden risk of child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"26","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.064","article-title":"Is COVID-19 an adverse childhood experience (ACE): Implications for screening for primary care","volume":"222","author":"Sanders","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-015-0309-4","article-title":"Strengthening mental health systems in low-and middle-income countries: The Emerald programme","volume":"13","author":"Semrau","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5545.49447","article-title":"Promotion and prevention in child mental health","volume":"51","author":"Shastri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(97)00174-9","article-title":"(1998) identification of child maltreatment with the parent-child conflict tactics scales: Development and psychometric data for a national sample of American parents","volume":"22","author":"Straus","year":"1998","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0200","series-title":"Child disciplinary practices at home evidence from a range of low- and middle-income countries","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0205","series-title":"Violent discipline in Middle East and North Africa: A statistical analysis of household survey data","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0210","series-title":"United States Government Action Plan on Children in Adversity: A Framework for International Assistance: 2012\u20132017","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0215","series-title":"INSPIRE: Seven strategies for ending violence against children","year":"2016"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2020-100250","article-title":"Mental health status of students\u2019 parents during COVID-19 pandemic and its influence factors","volume":"33","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"General Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Child Abuse &amp; Neglect"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145213423000406?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145213423000406?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T01:25:48Z","timestamp":1758936348000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0145213423000406"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0145213423000406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2134"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-2134","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Socio-economic and psychosocial determinants of violent discipline among parents in Asia Pacific countries during COVID-19: Focus on disadvantaged populations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child Abuse & Neglect","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106059","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106059"}}