{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:01:49Z","timestamp":1792598509064,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,9]],"date-time":"2023-02-09T05:42:27Z","timestamp":1675921347000},"page":"106077","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"P2","title":["Frontline support services for boys who have experienced child sexual exploitation: A thematic review of survey data from seven countries"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Marie","family":"Nodzenski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarrett","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.01.001","article-title":"Boys are not exempt: Sexual exploitation of adolescents in sub-saharan Africa","volume":"65","author":"Adjei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988312464038","article-title":"The limitations of language","volume":"7","author":"Affleck","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Journal of Men\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1177\/107755904266914","article-title":"Childhood sexual abuse: A gender perspective on context and consequences","volume":"9","author":"Banyard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Maltreatment"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2007.06.003","article-title":"Childhood physical and sexual abuse: Prevalence and correlates among adolescents living in rural Taiwan","volume":"32","author":"Cheng-Fang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0025","series-title":"Boys and sexual abuse: Boys\u2019, families\u2019, and service providers\u2019 knowledge of sexual abuse in Cambodia","author":"Chamreun","year":"2018"},{"issue":"51","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1080\/09688080.2017.1401895","article-title":"Sexual violence against men and boys in conflict and forced displacement: Implications for the health sector","volume":"25","author":"Chynoweth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reproductive Health Matters"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063215616817","article-title":"Immaterial boys? A large-scale exploration of gender-based differences in child sexual exploitation service users","volume":"29","author":"Cockbain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sexual Abuse"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1111\/chso.12376","article-title":"Experiences of trafficked and sexually exploited boys transitioning from shelter programmes into the community: Findings from a longitudinal study","volume":"34","author":"Cordisco Tsai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Children and Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb3325","series-title":"National Baseline Study on Violence Against Children in the Philippines: Results (executive summary)","year":"2016"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2017.1386763","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors among minors for online sexual solicitations and interactions with adults","volume":"55","author":"de Santisteban","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of Sex Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0055","series-title":"\u201cI want to be brave\u201d: A baseline study on the vulnerabilities of street-working boys to sexual exploitation in Sihanoukville Cambodia","author":"Davis","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0060","series-title":"\u201cTo help my parents\u201d: An exploratory study on the hidden vulnerabilities of street-involved children and youth in Chiang Mai, Thailand","author":"Davis","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0065","first-page":"32","article-title":"A baseline study of vulnerabilities of street-involved boys to sexual exploitation in Manila, Philippines","volume":"7","author":"Davis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Philippine Journal of Child Sexual Abuse"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.23860\/dignity.2019.04.03.02","article-title":"\u2019They shamed me\u2019: An exploratory study on the vulnerabilities of street-involved boys to sexual exploitation in Manila, Philippines","volume":"4","author":"Davis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.23860\/dignity.2021.06.01.06","article-title":"\"There is always violence\": An exploratory study of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, street-involved children","volume":"6","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0080","article-title":"\u201cBoys are like gold\u201d: The gendered differences in sexual violence against street-involved children in Southwest Cambodia","volume":"6","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Modern Slavery: A Multidisciplinary Exploration of Human Trafficking Solutions"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.23860\/dignity.2021.06.04.03","article-title":"\"Going it Alone\": Following the male cohort of survivors of sex trafficking of the chab dai butterfly longitudinal research project","volume":"6","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.7590\/266644721X16369812847070","article-title":"'On my own': The exploitation of street-involved children on the rapidly changing Thai-Cambodian Border","volume":"2","author":"Davis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Human Trafficking, Enslavement and Conflict-Related Sexual Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0095","series-title":"Global boys initiative: A global review of existing literature on the sexual exploitation of boys","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0100","series-title":"Global boys initiative: South Korea Report","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0105","series-title":"Global boys initiative: Sri Lanka report","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0110","series-title":"Global boys initiative: Hungary report","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.04.016","article-title":"Assessing exploitation experiences of girls and boys seen at a child advocacy center","volume":"46","author":"Edinburgh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0120","series-title":"Prostitution of juveniles: Patterns from NIBRS. Juvenile justice Bulletin-NCJ203946","author":"Finkelhor","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0125","series-title":"Characteristics of crimes against juveniles","author":"Finkelhor","year":"2012"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb3315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.0676","article-title":"Prevalence of childhood exposure to violence, crime, and abuse: Results from the national survey of children's exposure to violence","volume":"169","author":"Finkelhor","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(98)00063-5","article-title":"Characteristics of intrafamilial and extrafamilial child sexual abuse","volume":"22","author":"Fischer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000838","article-title":"Measuring adolescents\u2019 exposure to victimization: The environmental risk (E-Risk) longitudinal twin study","volume":"27","author":"Fisher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Development and Psychopathology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002438","article-title":"Sexual exploitation of unaccompanied migrant and refugee boys in Greece: Approaches to prevention","volume":"14","author":"Freccero","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb3330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsw\/bcv136","article-title":"An Uncomfortable Comfortableness\u201d: \u201cCare\u201d, child protection and child sexual exploitation","volume":"46","author":"Hallett","year":"2016","journal-title":"British Journal of Social Work"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1080\/23322705.2016.1144165","article-title":"Always victimizers, never victims: Engaging men and boys in human trafficking scholarship","volume":"2","author":"Hebert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Human Trafficking"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0150","series-title":"I thought it could never happen to boys","author":"Hilton","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0155","first-page":"29","article-title":"A profile of high school students in rural Canada who exchange sex for substances","volume":"21","author":"Homma","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.04.027","article-title":"An initial exploration of prostitution of boys in the West African region","volume":"69","author":"Hounmenou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0165","series-title":"Terminology guidelines for the protection of children from sexual exploitation and sexual abuse","year":"2016"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.03.008","article-title":"Child sexual abuse in China: A meta-analysis of 27 studies","volume":"37","author":"Ji","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.104291","article-title":"Gender, rights and responsibilities: The need for a global analysis of the sexual exploitation of boys","volume":"110","author":"Josenhans","year":"2020","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260509334411","article-title":"Relational challenges and recovery processes in male survivors of childhood sexual abuse","volume":"25","author":"Kia-Keating","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1753-2000-2-27","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of child maltreatment among high school students in Southern China: A large scale school based survey","volume":"2","author":"Leung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Child Adolescent Psychiatric Mental Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb3310","series-title":"Rethinking Peacekeeping, Gender Equality and Collective Security. Thinking Gender in Transnational Times","article-title":"Systemic silencing: Addressing sexual violence against men and boys in armed conflict and its aftermath","author":"Lewis","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0190","series-title":"Findings from Cambodia\u2019s violence against children survey 2013","volume":"2014","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.01.019","article-title":"Rethinking research on sexual exploitation of boys: Methodological challenges and recommendations to optimize future knowledge generation","volume":"66","author":"Mitchell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse and Neglect"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.08.006","article-title":"Child sexual abuse","volume":"217","author":"Modelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.12.003","article-title":"A systematic review of the state of the literature on sexually exploited boys internationally","volume":"76","author":"Moynihan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0210","series-title":"National violence against children survey in Lao PDR: Preliminary report, National Commission for Mothers and Children","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb3320","series-title":"Balkan Epidemiological Study on Child Abuse and Neglect: Project Final Report","author":"Nikoliadis","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0215","article-title":"Post-trafficking stressors: The influence of hopes, fears, and expectations on the mental health of young trafficking survivors in the greater Mekong sub-region","volume":"100","author":"Nodzenski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0220","series-title":"Keeping the promise: Ending violence against children by 2030","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0225","series-title":"Abuse during childhood: Findings from the Crime Survey for England and Wales, year ending March 2016","author":"ONS","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0230","series-title":"Assessing the different dimensions and degrees of risk of child sexual abuse","author":"Parkinson","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(02)00015-1","article-title":"Children and adolescents who sell sex: A community study","volume":"56","author":"Pedersen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0240","series-title":"It\u2019s not what you think: Sexually exploited youth in British Columbia","author":"Saewyc","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2018.05.008","article-title":"Comparing intrafamilial child sexual abuse and commercial sexual exploitation of children: A systematic literature review on research methods and consequences","volume":"41","author":"Selvius","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aggression and Violent Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0250","series-title":"The Baltic Sea regional study on adolescents\u2019 sexuality","article-title":"Experiences of sexual abuse, selling sex and use of pornography","author":"Svedin","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0255","first-page":"174","article-title":"Unrecognized victims\u2019: Sexual abuse against male street children in Merkato area, Addis Ababa","volume":"23","author":"Tadele","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2008.09.003","article-title":"Street life and drug risk behaviors associated with exchanging sex among male street children in Lahore, Pakistan","volume":"44","author":"Towe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.01.018","article-title":"The relationship between childhood sexual abuse and mental health outcomes among males: Results from a nationally representative United States sample","volume":"66","author":"Turner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0270","series-title":"Legacies and lessons: Sexual violence against men and boys in Sri Lanka and Bosnia & Herzegovina. All survivors project","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0275","series-title":"Research on the sexual exploitation of boys: Findings, ethical considerations, and methodological challenges","author":"UNICEF","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0280","series-title":"Action to end child sexual abuse and exploitation: A review of the evidence","author":"UNICEF","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0285","series-title":"Latest statistics and graphics on refugee and migrant children","author":"UNICEF","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0290","series-title":"Child sexual abuse: The situation in Lebanon. KAFA (enough) violence and exploitation and save the children Sweden, Beirut","author":"Usta","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0295","series-title":"Child sexual abuse in residential schools: A literature review","author":"Ward","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30060-3","article-title":"Sexual violence against children in South Africa: A nationally representative cross-sectional study of prevalence and correlates","volume":"6","author":"Ward","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0305","series-title":"Child sexual abuse","author":"Whealin","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0310","series-title":"And boys, too","author":"Willis","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077_bb0315","series-title":"\u201cMore than one million pains\u201d: Sexual violence against men and boys on the Central Mediterranean Route to Italy","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Child Abuse & Neglect"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145213423000583?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145213423000583?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T01:27:15Z","timestamp":1758936435000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0145213423000583"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"references-count":67,"alternative-id":["S0145213423000583"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2134"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-2134","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Frontline support services for boys who have experienced child sexual exploitation: A thematic review of survey data from seven countries","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Child Abuse & Neglect","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2023.106077","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106077"}}