{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T03:27:32Z","timestamp":1790134052902,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,1]],"date-time":"2009-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,17]],"date-time":"2013-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1627,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Host & Microbe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,19]],"date-time":"2009-02-19T14:33:51Z","timestamp":1235054031000},"page":"166-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":140,"title":["Conserved Herpesviral Kinase Promotes Viral Persistence by Inhibiting the IRF-3-Mediated Type I Interferon Response"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Seungmin","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyeong Seon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilio","family":"Flano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Ting","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leming M.","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann N.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moon Jung","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David Jesse","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan M.","family":"O'Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genhong","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023381027062","article-title":"Cytokines and transcription factors that regulate T helper cell differentiation: New players and new insights","volume":"23","author":"Agnello","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5125","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02674-05","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus protein kinase BGLF4 is a virion tegument protein that dissociates from virions in a phosphorylation-dependent process and phosphorylates the viral immediate-early protein BZLF1","volume":"80","author":"Asai","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2007.07.008","article-title":"Identification of proteins directly phosphorylated by UL13 protein kinase from herpes simplex virus 1","volume":"9","author":"Asai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011666","article-title":"Virus-induced interferon alpha production by a dendritic cell subset in the absence of feedback signaling in\u00a0vivo","volume":"195","author":"Barchet","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14149","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.22.14149-14160.2005","article-title":"Alpha\/beta interferons regulate murine gammaherpesvirus latent gene expression and reactivation from latency","volume":"79","author":"Barton","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4952","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.8.4952-4964.2005","article-title":"Host and viral proteins in the virion of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus","volume":"79","author":"Bechtel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13425","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.24.13425-13432.2003","article-title":"Identification of proteins associated with murine gammaherpesvirus 68 virions","volume":"77","author":"Bortz","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2573","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.4.2573-2583.2005","article-title":"An optimized CD8+ T-cell response controls productive and latent gammaherpesvirus infection","volume":"79","author":"Braaten","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4588","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.8.4588-4596.2003","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus activates inflammatory cytokine responses via CD14 and Toll-like receptor 2","volume":"77","author":"Compton","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011672","article-title":"Interferon alpha\/beta and interleukin 12 responses to viral infections: Pathways regulating dendritic cell cytokine expression in\u00a0vivo","volume":"195","author":"Dalod","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7003","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-0939","article-title":"Hypoxia enhances the phosphorylation and cytotoxicity of ganciclovir and zidovudine in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infected cells","volume":"67","author":"Davis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00390-4","article-title":"IRF3 mediates a TLR3\/TLR4-specific antiviral gene program","volume":"17","author":"Doyle","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0818-9641.2004.01285.x","article-title":"Shaping of adaptive immune responses to soluble proteins by TLR agonists: A role for IFN-alpha\/beta","volume":"82","author":"Durand","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.18639-0","article-title":"Transcriptome profile of murine gammaherpesvirus-68 lytic infection","volume":"84","author":"Ebrahimi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00027-06","article-title":"Impact of protein kinase PKR in cell biology: From antiviral to antiproliferative action","volume":"70","author":"Garcia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2007.08.009","article-title":"Conserved herpesvirus protein kinases","volume":"1784","author":"Gershburg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38325","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M400964200","article-title":"ORF36 protein kinase of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus activates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway","volume":"279","author":"Hamza","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7037","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00553-06","article-title":"Genetic organization and hypoxic activation of the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ORF34-37 gene cluster","volume":"80","author":"Haque","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15325","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R700002200","article-title":"Triggering the innate antiviral response through IRF-3 activation","volume":"282","author":"Hiscott","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12498","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01152-08","article-title":"Persistent gammaherpesvirus replication and dynamic interaction with the host in\u00a0vivo","volume":"82","author":"Hwang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01473-06","article-title":"Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded protein kinase and its interaction with K-bZIP","volume":"81","author":"Izumiya","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1038\/nri888","article-title":"Viruses and interferon: A fight for supremacy","volume":"2","author":"Katze","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.402","article-title":"Protein kinases conserved in herpesviruses potentially share a function mimicking the cellular protein kinase cdc2","volume":"13","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050821","article-title":"Type I interferons act directly on CD8 T\u00a0cells to allow clonal expansion and memory formation in response to viral infection","volume":"202","author":"Kolumam","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1038\/ni978","article-title":"Cross-priming of CD8+ T\u00a0cells stimulated by virus-induced type I interferon","volume":"4","author":"Le Bon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5166","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00120-07","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus BGLF4 kinase induces premature chromosome condensation through activation of condensin and topoisomerase II","volume":"81","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2752","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.4.2752-2759.1998","article-title":"RNase L mediates the antiviral effect of interferon through a selective reduction in viral RNA during encephalomyocarditis virus infection","volume":"72","author":"Li","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2986","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.18.5.2986","article-title":"Virus-dependent phosphorylation of the IRF-3 transcription factor regulates nuclear translocation, transactivation potential, and proteasome-mediated degradation","volume":"18","author":"Lin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol.\u00a0Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2465","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.19.4.2465","article-title":"Structural and functional analysis of interferon regulatory factor 3: Localization of the transactivation and autoinhibitory domains","volume":"19","author":"Lin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030162","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 9-mediated recognition of Herpes simplex virus-2 by plasmacytoid dendritic cells","volume":"198","author":"Lund","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.3.521","article-title":"Type I interferons keep activated T\u00a0cells alive","volume":"189","author":"Marrack","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10488","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.19.10488-10503.2003","article-title":"Transcription program of murine gammaherpesvirus 68","volume":"77","author":"Martinez-Guzman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2003.11.022","article-title":"The UL97 protein kinase of human cytomegalovirus and homologues in other herpesviruses: Impact on virus and host","volume":"1697","author":"Michel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2004.06.001","article-title":"The Toll of herpes simplex virus infection","volume":"12","author":"Morrison","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2005.18.267","article-title":"Herpesviruses and the innate immune response","volume":"18","author":"Mossman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Viral Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(92)91204-8","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus type 1 gene UL13 encodes a phosphoprotein that is a component of the virion","volume":"190","author":"Overton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7258(97)00167-8","article-title":"The 2-5 A system: Modulation of viral and cellular processes through acceleration of RNA degradation","volume":"78","author":"Player","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2005.06.011","article-title":"Crystal structure of IRF-3 in complex with CBP","volume":"13","author":"Qin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1081315","article-title":"Triggering the interferon antiviral response through an IKK-related pathway","volume":"300","author":"Sharma","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7140","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.121177598","article-title":"Global modulation of cellular transcription by human cytomegalovirus is initiated by viral glycoprotein B","volume":"98","author":"Simmen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6405","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.8.6405-6414.1999","article-title":"Construction and transposon mutagenesis in Escherichia coli of a full-length infectious clone of pseudorabies virus, an alphaherpesvirus","volume":"73","author":"Smith","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3805","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404521102","article-title":"Identification of viral genes essential for replication of murine gamma-herpesvirus 68 using signature-tagged mutagenesis","volume":"102","author":"Song","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6827","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.13.6827-6835.2004","article-title":"An optimized CD4 T-cell response can control productive and latent gammaherpesvirus infection","volume":"78","author":"Sparks-Thissen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.67.1.227","article-title":"How cells respond to interferons","volume":"67","author":"Stark","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2005.18.445","article-title":"Immune mechanisms in murine gammaherpesvirus-68 infection","volume":"18","author":"Stevenson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Viral Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib46","first-page":"818","article-title":"Lymphoproliferative disease in mice infected with murine gammaherpesvirus 68","volume":"145","author":"Sunil-Chandra","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(01)00305-3","article-title":"The interferon-alpha\/beta system in antiviral responses: A multimodal machinery of gene regulation by the IRF family of transcription factors","volume":"14","author":"Taniguchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2007.05.008","article-title":"Gamma-herpesvirus kinase actively initiates a DNA damage response by inducing phosphorylation of H2AX to foster viral replication","volume":"1","author":"Tarakanova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10960","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.20.10960-10966.2004","article-title":"Identification of proteins in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) particles: The HCMV proteome","volume":"78","author":"Varnum","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9778","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00360-07","article-title":"Type I interferon inhibition and dendritic cell activation during gammaherpesvirus respiratory infection","volume":"81","author":"Weslow-Schmidt","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3735","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.7.3735","article-title":"The induction of virus-specific CTL as a function of increasing epitope expression: Responses rise steadily until excessively high levels of epitope are attained","volume":"163","author":"Wherry","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.2.800-811.2005","article-title":"Virion proteins of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus","volume":"79","author":"Zhu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."}],"container-title":["Cell Host & Microbe"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1931312809000328?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1931312809000328?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T02:59:07Z","timestamp":1684897147000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1931312809000328"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1931312809000328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2008.12.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1931-3128"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1931-3128","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]}}}