{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:53:26Z","timestamp":1792133606428,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":372,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013142","name":"Research and Development Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016YFD0500304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFD0500304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013142","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013142","name":"Research and Development Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFA0707801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFA0707801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013142","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","award":["2017ZX103304402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017ZX103304402"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","award":["2018ZX09711003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018ZX09711003"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82041006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82041006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31871476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31871476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Pearl River talent plan","award":["2019CX01N111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019CX01N111"]}]},{"name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholar","award":["81925025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81925025"]}]},{"name":"Innovative Research Group","award":["81621005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81621005"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["2019-I2M-5-049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-I2M-5-049"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005150","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Host & Microbe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T23:50:55Z","timestamp":1590537055000},"page":"124-133.e4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":626,"title":["A Mouse Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Pathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Shi-Hui","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Jing","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Xiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing-Yao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su-Su","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na-Na","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-Qiang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Jin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan-Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue-Lei","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong-Yan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Fa","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Sen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Feng","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You-Chun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2312-y","article-title":"The pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 transgenic mice","author":"Bao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib2","article-title":"A Case Series of children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection: clinical and epidemiological features","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/734690","article-title":"The Effects of Temperature and Relative Humidity on the Viability of the SARS Coronavirus","volume":"2011","author":"Chan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30211-7","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study","volume":"395","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0118-9","article-title":"Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses","volume":"17","author":"Cui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2090","article-title":"The spike protein of SARS-CoV--a target for vaccine and therapeutic development","volume":"7","author":"Du","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1001","article-title":"Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques","volume":"10","author":"Haagmans","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China","volume":"395","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-320926","article-title":"Epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of 74 cases of coronavirus-infected disease 2019 (COVID-19) with gastrointestinal symptoms","volume":"69","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2180-5","article-title":"Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor","volume":"581","author":"Lan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02145","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus","volume":"426","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001316","article-title":"Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia","volume":"382","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-321013","article-title":"Gastrointestinal symptoms of 95 cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"69","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30251-8","article-title":"Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding","volume":"395","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02012-06","article-title":"Lethal infection of K18-hACE2 mice infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus","volume":"81","author":"McCray","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3048","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1517719113","article-title":"SARS-like WIV1-CoV poised for human emergence","volume":"113","author":"Menachery","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.04.004","article-title":"Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Engineered Human Tissues Using Clinical-Grade Soluble Human ACE2","volume":"181","author":"Monteil","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7264","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00737-08","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2","volume":"82","author":"Netland","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15562-9","article-title":"Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV","volume":"11","author":"Ou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13077-2","article-title":"Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome","volume":"361","author":"Peiris","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2020.03.044","article-title":"Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses","volume":"526","author":"Qi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2179-y","article-title":"Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2","volume":"581","author":"Shang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01702-06","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of mice transgenic for the human Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 virus receptor","volume":"81","author":"Tseng","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1086\/651132","article-title":"Severity of pneumonia due to new H1N1 influenza virus in ferrets is intermediate between that due to seasonal H1N1 virus and highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus","volume":"201","author":"van den Brand","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20590","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2013.18.38.20590","article-title":"Stability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) under different environmental conditions","volume":"18","author":"van Doremalen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2004973","article-title":"Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1","volume":"382","author":"van Doremalen","year":"2020","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.058","article-title":"Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein","volume":"181","author":"Walls","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.1585","article-title":"Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib29","first-page":"ciaa272","article-title":"Clinical Features of 69 Cases with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2008-3","article-title":"A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China","volume":"579","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0817-4","article-title":"Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding","volume":"26","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib32","first-page":"450","article-title":"Mice transgenic for human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 provide a model for SARS coronavirus infection","volume":"57","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30079-5","article-title":"Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(20)30048-0","article-title":"Enteric involvement of coronaviruses: is faecal-oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 possible?","volume":"5","author":"Yeo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721","article-title":"Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia","volume":"367","author":"Zaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30566-3","article-title":"Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"395","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2012-7","article-title":"A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin","volume":"579","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","article-title":"A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019","volume":"382","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-020-0754-0","article-title":"Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection","volume":"14","author":"Zou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Med."}],"container-title":["Cell Host & Microbe"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1931312820303024?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1931312820303024?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T12:21:12Z","timestamp":1761826872000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1931312820303024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1931312820303024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["1931-3128"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1931-3128","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A Mouse Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Pathogenesis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cell Host & Microbe","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2020.05.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}