{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T21:19:47Z","timestamp":1787606387519,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Chromatography A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T15:38:59Z","timestamp":1785512339000},"page":"467315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Optimization and validation of a two-step extraction dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction (UA-DLLME) method for the determination of 17 antibiotics in influent wastewater"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1785","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6278-7251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eirini","family":"Siandri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0905-6967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoforos","family":"Bouzoukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios-Triantafyllos","family":"Gerokonstantis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marios G.","family":"Kostakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4624-4735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos S.","family":"Thomaidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2019.10.008","article-title":"Antibiotics: past, present and future","volume":"51","author":"Hutchings","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glmedi.2024.100081","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: impacts, challenges, and future prospects","volume":"2","author":"Ahmed","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Surg. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3390\/encyclopedia5030125","article-title":"Epidemiology of poliomyelitis in the United States and its recognition as an infectious disease from the mid-19th century to the early 20th century","volume":"5","author":"Lanska","year":"2025","journal-title":"Encyclopedia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0004","first-page":"348","article-title":"Illicit drugs in municipal sewage: proposed new non-intrusive tool to heighten public awareness of societal use of illicit\/abused drugs and their potential for ecological consequences","author":"Daughton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pharm. Pers. Care Prod. Environ. Sci.: Regul. Issues"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2026.118746","article-title":"Recent trends in wastewater-based epidemiology of pharmaceuticals. Methods and applications","volume":"198","author":"Pernas-Fraguela","year":"2026","journal-title":"TrAC Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149014","article-title":"Patterns of pharmaceuticals use during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Athens, Greece as revealed by wastewater-based epidemiology","volume":"798","author":"Galani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2014.08.008","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of most prescribed antibiotics in multiple urban wastewater by SPE-LC\u2013MS\/MS","volume":"969","author":"Rossmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25061470","article-title":"Environmental risk and risk of resistance selection due to antimicrobials\u2019 occurrence in two Polish wastewater treatment plants and receiving surface water","volume":"25","author":"Giebu\u0142towicz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121864","article-title":"Dilute-and-shoot approach for the high-throughput LC-MS\/MS determination of illicit drugs in the field of wastewater-based epidemiology","volume":"259","author":"Gracia-Mar\u00edn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2024.465596","article-title":"Direct injection UPLC-MS\/MS method for analysing 77 compounds including human biomarkers, illicit drugs, new psychoactive substances and metabolites in wastewater","volume":"1741","author":"Tao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.165825","article-title":"Direct injection liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry as a sensitive and high-throughput method for the quantitative surveillance of antimicrobials in wastewater","volume":"900","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0012","article-title":"Fabric phase sorptive extraction for environmental samples","volume":"5","author":"Fontanals","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sample Prep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2025.113856","article-title":"Octanol-supported rotating paper disc (RPD) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: a white analytical method for abusable drug analysis in forensic autopsy samples","volume":"213","author":"Jain","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2020.105642","article-title":"pH-induced deep eutectic solvents based homogeneous liquid\u2013liquid microextraction for the extraction of two antibiotics from environmental water","volume":"160","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2006.03.007","article-title":"Determination of organic compounds in water using dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction","volume":"1116","author":"Rezaee","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3457","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201000285","article-title":"Dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction combined with nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis for the determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in waters","volume":"31","author":"Herrera-Herrera","year":"2010","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2012.11.026","article-title":"Dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of 25 sulfonamide and quinolone antibiotics in water samples","volume":"75","author":"Herrera-Herrera","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2020.105914","article-title":"A green dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction based on deep eutectic solvents doped with \u03b2-cyclodextrin: application for determination of tetracyclines in water samples","volume":"163","author":"Sereshti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2020.105633","article-title":"Ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction for determination of enrofloxacin in surface waters","volume":"160","author":"Dias","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1007\/s13361-012-0371-5","article-title":"Determination of macrolide antibiotics using dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction followed by surface-assisted laser desorption\/ionization mass spectrometry","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2013.07.024","article-title":"Combined application of dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic droplets and charged aerosol detection for the simple and sensitive quantification of macrolide antibiotics in human urine","volume":"86","author":"Jia","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4314\/bcse.v38i1.3","article-title":"A selective dispersive liquid\u2013liquid micro-extraction technique for trace level pollutants enrichment of pharmaceutical residues from hospital wastewaters followed by liquid chromatographic analysis","volume":"38","author":"Wakuma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-015-9284-z","article-title":"Solid-phase extraction in combination with dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry analysis: the ultra-trace determination of 10 antibiotics in water samples","volume":"408","author":"Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3797\/scipharm.1210-12","article-title":"Development and validation of a stability-indicating HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of sulfadiazine sodium and trimethoprim in injectable solution formulation","volume":"81","author":"Ghanem","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2009.05.038","article-title":"A validated stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for levofloxacin in the presence of degradation products, its process related impurities and identification of oxidative degradant","volume":"50","author":"Lalitha Devi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0026","first-page":"1624","article-title":"Stress degradation studies of macrolide antibiotics roxithromycin, tilmicosin and tylosin by using HPLC","volume":"102","author":"Akmese","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. AOAC Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0027","first-page":"124","article-title":"Degradation study of metronidazole in active and different formulation by UV spectroscopy","volume":"6","author":"Naveed","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Bioequiv. Bioavailab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.01.061","article-title":"Wastewater-based epidemiology in Beijing, China: prevalence of antibiotic use in flu season and association of pharmaceuticals and personal care products with socioeconomic characteristics","volume":"125","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2015.01.008","article-title":"Advances in exotic mammal clinical therapeutics","volume":"18","author":"Hawkins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Exot. Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-003-1545-7","article-title":"Lincomycin, clindamycin and their applications","volume":"64","author":"Sp\u00ed\u017eek","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199753060-00006","article-title":"Clarithromycin: a review of its efficacy in the treatment of respiratory tract infections in immunocompetent patients","volume":"53","author":"Langtry","year":"1997","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.121712","article-title":"Wide-scope target screening of >2000 emerging contaminants in wastewater samples with UPLC-QToF-HRMS\/MS and smart evaluation of its performance through the validation of 195 selected representative analytes","volume":"387","author":"Gago-Ferrero","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.172867","article-title":"Unravelling psychoactive substances and their metabolites and transformation products: high-resolution mass spectrometry approaches for comprehensive target and suspect screening in wastewater","volume":"931","author":"Petromelidou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.11.047","article-title":"Seasonal occurrence, removal, mass loading and environmental risk assessment of 55 pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Central Greece","volume":"543","author":"Papageorgiou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.07.371","article-title":"Comprehensive investigation of a wide range of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in urban and hospital wastewaters in Greece","volume":"694","author":"Papageorgiou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s41742-025-01027-8","article-title":"Tracking pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in urban wastewater: drug consumption trends in Patras, Greece","volume":"20","author":"Anastopoulou","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140587","article-title":"Comprehensive study on the potential environmental risk of temporal antibiotic usage through wastewater discharges","volume":"346","author":"Gracia-Mar\u00edn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.11.059","article-title":"Critical evaluation of monitoring strategy for the multi-residue determination of 90 chiral and achiral micropollutants in effluent wastewater","volume":"579","author":"Petrie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.115653","article-title":"Enantiomeric profiling of quinolones and quinolone resistance gene qnrS in European wastewaters","volume":"175","author":"Castrignan\u00f2","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4229","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-015-8654-x","article-title":"Multianalyte method for the determination of pharmaceuticals in wastewater samples using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"407","author":"Dasenaki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."}],"container-title":["Journal of Chromatography A"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021967326006436?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021967326006436?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T20:29:53Z","timestamp":1787603393000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021967326006436"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0021967326006436"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9673"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9673","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Optimization and validation of a two-step extraction dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction (UA-DLLME) method for the determination of 17 antibiotics in influent wastewater","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Chromatography A","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chroma.2026.467315","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"467315"}}