{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T20:13:10Z","timestamp":1769285590520,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T11:48:04Z","timestamp":1575373684000},"page":"101401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis infection, co-morbidities and associated risk factors in dogs admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital in Israel"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7130-1706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon","family":"Kuzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sigal","family":"Eshcol Argentaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7549-1305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gad","family":"Baneth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2004.08.004","article-title":"Enteric protozoal diseases","volume":"35","author":"Lappin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0010","series-title":"Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine","first-page":"1332","article-title":"Diseases of the small intestine","author":"Hall","year":"2005"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2015.04.001","article-title":"Differences in the faecal microbiome of non-diarrhoeic clinically healthy dogs and cats associated with Giardia duodenalis infection: impact of hookworms and coccidia","volume":"45","author":"Slapeta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.11.024","article-title":"Giardia and other intestinal parasites in different dog populations in Northern Belgium","volume":"161","author":"Claerebout","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2010.02.005","article-title":"Giardiasis in dogs and cats: update on epidemiology and public health significance","volume":"26","author":"Ballweber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"issue":"12\u201313","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.06.001","article-title":"Zoonotic potential of Giardia","volume":"43","author":"Ryan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.09.022","article-title":"The public health and clinical significance of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in domestic animals","volume":"177","author":"Thompson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.06.008","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology: a multidisciplinary approach to understanding parasitic zoonoses","volume":"35","author":"Traub","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.11.006","article-title":"Variation in Giardia: towards a taxonomic revision of the genus","volume":"25","author":"Monis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14739","article-title":"Chronic diarrhea in dogs - retrospective study in 136 cases","volume":"31","author":"Volkmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.12.011","article-title":"The prevalence of Giardia infection in dogs and cats, a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies from stool samples","volume":"207","author":"Bouzid","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.06.015","article-title":"Giardia in symptomatic dogs and cats in Europe--results of a European study","volume":"173","author":"Epe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw621","article-title":"Giardiasis and subsequent irritable bowel syndrome: a longitudinal cohort study using health insurance data","volume":"215","author":"Nakao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2016.11.010","article-title":"Giardia duodenalis induces pathogenic dysbiosis of human intestinal microbiota biofilms","volume":"47","author":"Beatty","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.01.006","article-title":"Intestinal parasite infections in dogs affected by multicentric lymphoma and undergoing chemotherapy","volume":"63","author":"Cervone","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.10.019","article-title":"Regression models to assess the risk factors of canine gastrointestinal parasitism","volume":"248","author":"Symeonidou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0085","series-title":"FASTest\u00ae GIARDIA Strip \u2013 Gebrauchsinformation \/ Instructions for Use","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0090","series-title":"ImmunoRun, Antigen Detection Kit, Canine Parvovirus","year":"2019"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0095","first-page":"91","article-title":"Canine parvoviral enteritis: an update on the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention","volume":"11","author":"Mylonakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Med. (Auckl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0100","series-title":"ImmunoRun, Antigen Detection Kit, Canine Distemper Virus","year":"2019"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.153.16.499","article-title":"Detection of canine distemper virus antigen in canine serum and its application to diagnosis","volume":"153","author":"Soma","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2008.02.007","article-title":"Canine distemper virus","volume":"38","author":"Martella","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.02.032","article-title":"Spirocerca lupi infection in the dog: a review","volume":"176","author":"van der Merwe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0120","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.cvm.tamu.edu\/gilab\/service\/assays\/tli (Accessed 19 November 2019)."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ctsap.2007.05.005","article-title":"Sonographic evaluation of the normal and abnormal pancreas","volume":"22","author":"Hecht","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Tech. Small Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0130","series-title":"FASTest\u00ae GIARDIA Strip","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-012-2909-7","article-title":"Prevalence of endoparasites in stray and fostered dogs and cats in Northern Germany","volume":"111","author":"Becker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.09.006","article-title":"Enteropathogen infections in canine puppies: (Co-)occurrence, clinical relevance and risk factors","volume":"195","author":"Duijvestijn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0145","first-page":"619","article-title":"Coinfection with multiple tick-borne and intestinal parasites in a 6-week-old dog","volume":"48","author":"Gal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-10-23","article-title":"Presence of infectious agents and co-infections in diarrheic dogs determined with a real-time polymerase chain reaction-based panel","volume":"10","author":"Gizzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e61","DOI":"10.1590\/s1678-9946201759061","article-title":"The influence of serial fecal sampling on the diagnosis of giardiasis in humans, dogs, and cats","volume":"59","author":"Uchoa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.tb03049.x","article-title":"Comparison of direct immunofluorescence, immunoassays, and fecal flotation for detection of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in naturally exposed cats in 4 Northern California animal shelters","volume":"21","author":"Mekaru","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12475","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of two point-of-care kits for the diagnosis of Giardia species infection in dogs","volume":"57","author":"Costa","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Small Anim. Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0170","first-page":"137","article-title":"Comparison of some serological methods and coproscopic examinations for diagnosis of Giardia spp. invasion in dogs","volume":"8","author":"Gundlach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pol. J. Vet. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15491","article-title":"Comparison of diagnostic techniques for detection of Giardia duodenalis in dogs and cats","volume":"33","author":"Saleh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00767-09","article-title":"Associations between mucosal innate and adaptive immune responses and resolution of diarrheal pathogen infections","volume":"78","author":"Long","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0185","article-title":"Giardia duodenalis in domestic animals: prevalence and zoonotic significance","author":"Markovics","year":"2019","journal-title":"Israel Society for Parazitology, Protozoology and Tropical Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2352","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI69932","article-title":"Giardia: both a harmless commensal and a devastating pathogen","volume":"123","author":"DuPont","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-4749-5-26","article-title":"Persistent gut barrier damage and commensal bacterial influx following eradication of Giardia infection in mice","volume":"5","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut Pathog."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2011.05.002","article-title":"Host parasite interactions and pathophysiology in Giardia infections","volume":"41","author":"Cotton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2014.08.007","article-title":"Subclinical Giardia in dogs: a veterinary conundrum relevant to human infection","volume":"30","author":"Tysnes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2011.06.005","article-title":"The nature and consequences of coinfection in humans","volume":"63","author":"Griffiths","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws220","article-title":"Synergistic effects between rotavirus and coinfecting pathogens on diarrheal disease: evidence from a community-based study in northwestern Ecuador","volume":"176","author":"Bhavnani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icr058","article-title":"From host immunity to pathogen invasion: the effects of helminth coinfection on the dynamics of microparasites","volume":"51","author":"Ezenwa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Integr. Comp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0225","series-title":"Veterinary Pediatrics Dogs and Cats from Birth to Six Months","first-page":"314","article-title":"The hematopoietic and lymphoid systems","author":"Clinkenbeard","year":"2001"},{"issue":"2\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.08.022","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of Giardia duodenalis in dogs from Romania","volume":"184","author":"Mircean","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.5152\/tpd.2016.4687","article-title":"Incidence of parasitic diarrhea in patients with common variable immune deficiency","volume":"40","author":"Uysal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Turkiye Parazitol. Derg."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2006.03.005","article-title":"Monitoring nonresponsive patients who have celiac disease","volume":"16","author":"Krauss","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastrointest. Endosc. Clin. N. Am."}],"container-title":["Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147957119301985?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147957119301985?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T06:44:26Z","timestamp":1758955466000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0147957119301985"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0147957119301985"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401","relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-9571"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-9571","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis infection, co-morbidities and associated risk factors in dogs admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital in Israel","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101401","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101401"}}