{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T23:02:05Z","timestamp":1770418925896,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007514","name":"Universit\u00e0 di Pisa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007514","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]],"date-time":"2020-03-19T14:01:08Z","timestamp":1584626468000},"page":"101472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Crested Porcupine (Hystrix cristata L.): A New Potential Host for Pathogenic Leptospira Among Semi-Fossorial Mammals"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Coppola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Cilia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Bertelloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Casini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"D\u2019Addio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Fratini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Cerri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Felicioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.012","article-title":"A. de la Pe\u00f1a Moctezuma, Leptospira and leptospirosis","volume":"140","author":"Adler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0010","series-title":"Leptospira and leptospirosis., Leptospira and Leptospirosis","author":"Faine","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0015","first-page":"65","article-title":"Leptospirosis in humans","volume":"387","author":"Haake","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.04.001","article-title":"Epidemiology of leptospirosis in North-Central Italy: fifteen years of serological data (2002\u20132016)","volume":"65","author":"Bertelloni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0025","first-page":"383","article-title":"Epidemiology of leptospirosis: observations on serological data obtained by a \u201cdiagnostic laboratory for leptospirosis\u201d from 1995 to 2001","volume":"26","author":"Cerri","year":"2003","journal-title":"New Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-014-0684-4","article-title":"Risk factors to incidental leptospirosis and its role on the reproduction of ewes and goats of Esp\u00edrito Santo state, Brazil","volume":"47","author":"Cortizo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2902","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002902","article-title":"Epidemiology of Leptospira Transmitted by Rodents in Southeast Asia","volume":"8","author":"Cosson","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16122113","article-title":"P.W.G. Groot Koerkamp, B.G. Meerburg, Prevalence of Leptospira Infection in Rodents from Bangladesh","volume":"16","author":"Krijger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017931607318","article-title":"Role of the coypu (Myocastor coypus) in the epidemiology of leptospirosis in domestic animals and humans in France","volume":"17","author":"Michel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-017-1429-y","article-title":"A systematic review of leptospirosis on wild animals in Latin America","volume":"50","author":"Vieira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13135","article-title":"Pathogenic Leptospira species are widely disseminated among small mammals in Atlantic Forest biome","volume":"66","author":"Vieira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-019-1344-9","article-title":"Does land-use change increase the abundance of zoonotic reservoirs? Rodents say yes","volume":"66","author":"Mendoza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Wild. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001","article-title":"Leptospirosis","volume":"14","author":"Levett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0070","first-page":"99","article-title":"Animal leptospirosis","volume":"Vol. 387","author":"Ellis","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0075","series-title":"Cohabitation of Settlements Between Crested Porcupine (Hystrix Cristata), Red Foxes (Vulpes Vulpes) and Badger (Meles Meles)","author":"Coppola","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0080","first-page":"261","article-title":"Crested porcupines (Hystrix cristata) within badger (Meles meles) setts in the Maremma Natural Park, Italy","volume":"33","author":"Pigozzi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Saugetierk. Mitt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0085","first-page":"51","article-title":"Leptospiral antibodies in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in northwest Croatia","volume":"76","author":"Milas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Arh."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-007-0150-y","article-title":"Incidence of leptospiral antibodies in different game species over a 10-year period (1996\u20132005) in Croatia","volume":"54","author":"Slavica","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Wildl. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.17221\/3151-VETMED","article-title":"Prevalence of leptospiral antibodies in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) population of Croatia","volume":"56","author":"Slavica","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2008.0081","article-title":"Leptospirosis in wild and domestic carnivores in natural areas in Andalusia, Spain","volume":"9","author":"Mill\u00e1n","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162549","article-title":"Hedgehogs and Mustelid Species: Major Carriers of Pathogenic Leptospira, a Survey in 28 Animal Species in France (20122015)","volume":"11","author":"Ayral","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0110","first-page":"162","article-title":"A review of the literature on the worldwide distribution, spread of, and efforts to eradicate the coypu (Myocastor coypus)","volume":"30","author":"Carter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Wildl. Soc. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0115","first-page":"407","article-title":"The presence of Leptospira in coypus (Myocastor coypus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus) living in a protected wetland in Tuscany (Italy)","volume":"85","author":"Fratini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Arh."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0120","first-page":"778","article-title":"Spontaneous outbreak of leptospirosis in coypu (Myocastor coypus)","volume":"15","author":"Farina","year":"1964","journal-title":"Vet. Ital."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0125","first-page":"127","article-title":"Wild animals leptospirosis in Italy","volume":"21","author":"Farina","year":"1970","journal-title":"Vet. Ital."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.11.019","article-title":"Leptospira reservoirs among wildlife in Brazil: Beyond rodents","volume":"178","author":"Fornazari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0135","first-page":"211","article-title":"Some observations on the diagnosis and epidemiology of leptospirosis in swine","volume":"30","author":"Mitchell","year":"1966","journal-title":"Can. J. Comp. Med. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0140","first-page":"1","article-title":"Serological prevalence of leptospiral infection in captive Malayan porcupines (Hystrix brachyura)","volume":"28","author":"Siti-Nurdyana","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Vet. Malaysia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0145","series-title":"Leptospirosis. Man. Diagnostic Tests Vaccines Terr. Anim","author":"OIE","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007141","article-title":"Association of rodent-borne Leptospira spp. with urban environments in Malaysian Borneo","volume":"13","author":"Blasdell","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.43.16-00792","article-title":"Pet rodents as possible risk for leptospirosis, Belgium and France, 2009 to 2016","volume":"22","author":"Mori","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1080\/11250003.2013.857729","article-title":"From the Apennines to the Alps: recent range expansion of the crested porcupine Hystrix cristataL., 1758 (Mammalia: Rodentia: Hystricidae) in Italy","volume":"80","author":"Mori","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ital. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.18520\/cs\/v114\/i02\/246-247","article-title":"Crested porcupine in the Island of Elba, Italy: native or alien?","volume":"114","author":"Vecchio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-013-0758-z","article-title":"The role of the coypu (Myocastor coypus), an invasive aquatic rodent species, in the epidemiological cycle of leptospirosis: a study in two wetlands in the East of France","volume":"60","author":"Vein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Wildl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-48.2.492","article-title":"Prevalence of Antibody to Six Leptospira Servovars in Swedish Wild Boars","volume":"48","author":"Boqvist","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.09.277","article-title":"Urban wild boars prefer fragmented areas with food resources near natural corridors","volume":"615","author":"Castillo-Contreras","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0185","first-page":"129","article-title":"Serological surveillance of Leptospirosis in Italy: two\u2011year national data (2010\u20112011)","volume":"52","author":"Tagliabue","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Ital."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814003331","article-title":"Prevalence of Leptospira antibodies in wild boars (Sus scrofa) from Northern Portugal: risk factor analysis","volume":"143","author":"Vale-Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-016-0186-7","article-title":"First overall report of Leptospira infections in wild boars in Poland","volume":"58","author":"\u017bmudzki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.3965","article-title":"Wild boar populations up, numbers of hunters down? A review of trends and implications for Europe","volume":"71","author":"Massei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pest Manag. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0205","first-page":"169","article-title":"Factors affecting wild boar (Sus scrofa) abundance in southern Tuscany, Hystrix","volume":"24","author":"Santilli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ital. J. Mammal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.113.11.233","article-title":"Infection of free-living carnivores with leptospires of the Australis serogroup","volume":"113","author":"Hathaway","year":"1983","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-016-1201-8","article-title":"A systematic review of leptospirosis on dogs, pigs, and horses in Latin America","volume":"49","author":"Pinto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14283","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-50784-y","article-title":"Diurnal motor activity and \u201csunbathing\u201d behaviour in crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata L., 1758)","volume":"9","author":"Coppola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0225","article-title":"MAT cross-reactions or vaccine cross-protection: retrospective study of 863 leptospirosis canine cases","volume":"4","author":"Andr\u00e9-Fontaine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.08.020","article-title":"Agglutinating antibodies against pathogenic Leptospira in healthy dogs and horses indicate common exposure and regular occurrence of subclinical infections","volume":"148","author":"Houwers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-019-1344-9","article-title":"Does land-use change increase the abundance of zoonotic reservoirs? Rodents say yes","volume":"66","author":"Mendoza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Wildl. Res."}],"container-title":["Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147957120300618?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147957120300618?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T06:45:36Z","timestamp":1758955536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0147957120300618"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0147957120300618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472","relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-9571"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-9571","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Crested Porcupine (Hystrix cristata L.): A New Potential Host for Pathogenic Leptospira Among Semi-Fossorial Mammals","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101472","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101472"}}