{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T09:44:33Z","timestamp":1788601473166,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007298","name":"Urmia University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007298","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T11:33:43Z","timestamp":1595504023000},"page":"101521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in horse sera in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Khademi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Ownagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Ataei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Kazemnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Eydi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Khalili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahzounieh","family":"M","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Mardani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00045-16","article-title":"From Q fever to Coxiella burnetii infection: a paradigm change","volume":"30","author":"Eldin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0010","series-title":"Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2012","article-title":"Q Fever: an old but still a poorly understood disease","author":"Honarmand","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/248418","article-title":"Q Fever: current state of knowledge and perspectives of research of a neglected zoonosis","volume":"2011","author":"Porter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0020","series-title":"Microbial Survival in the Environment: Bacteria and Rickettsiae Important in Human and Animal Health","author":"Mitscherlich","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0025","first-page":"26","article-title":"Apparent seroprevalence for Coxiella burnetii in the Danish horse population","volume":"98","author":"Agerholm","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-55-13","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii associated reproductive disorders in domestic animals-a critical review","volume":"55","author":"Agerholm","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-52-5","article-title":"Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in Danish dairy herds","volume":"52","author":"Agger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-014-0046-2","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of Coxiella burnetii seropositive Danish dairy cattle herds","volume":"56","author":"Agger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2014.01.018","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of Coxiella burnetii seropositivity in Danish beef and dairy cattle at slaughter adjusted for test uncertainty","volume":"113","author":"Paul","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2019.104742","article-title":"Dairy goat producers\u2019 understanding, knowledge and attitudes towards biosecurity and Q-fever in Australia","volume":"170","author":"Gunther","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2019.104698","article-title":"Validation of an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for the detection of IgG antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in bovine serum","volume":"169","author":"Wood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2020.105416","article-title":"New insights on the epidemiology of Coxiella burnetii in pet dogs and cats from New South Wales, Australia","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(99)00178-9","article-title":"The detection of Coxiella burnetii from ovine genital swabs, milk and fecal samples by the use of a single touchdown polymerase chain reaction","volume":"72","author":"Berri","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2013.09.027","article-title":"Is the horse a reservoir or an indicator of Coxiella burnetii infection? Systematic review and biomolecular investigation","volume":"167","author":"Marenzoni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0075","series-title":"Coxiella Burnetii: Recent Advances and New Perspectives in Research of the Q Fever Bacterium","first-page":"381","article-title":"Molecular typing of coxiella burnetii (Q fever)","author":"Massung","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjm.2017.04.009","article-title":"Clinical and epidemiological use of nested PCR targeting the repetitive element IS1111 associated with the transposase gene from Coxiella burnetii","volume":"49","author":"Mares-Guia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2018.10.001","article-title":"Seroprevalence and molecular detection of coxiellosis among cattle and their human contacts in an organized dairy farm","volume":"12","author":"Dhaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Infect. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2006.06.023","article-title":"Diagnosis of Coxiella burnetii-related abortion in Italian domestic ruminants using single-tube nested PCR","volume":"118","author":"Parisi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.37.091305.110145","article-title":"Limits to the adaptive potential of small populations","volume":"37","author":"Willi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0100","unstructured":"Mostafavi, E., Esmaeil, S., Yaghmaie, F., Q fever endocarditis in Iran: a case report. The 2nd Iranian congress of Medical Bacteriology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0105","first-page":"162","article-title":"Genomic detection of Coxiella burnetii in goat milk samples in animal farms Khorramabad Township, Iran","volume":"19","author":"Khademi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pajoohandeh Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.101368","article-title":"Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in milk collected from buffalo (water buffalo) and cattle dairy farms in Northwest of Iran","author":"Khademi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108716","article-title":"Prevalence of C. burnetii DNA in sheep and goats milk in the northwest of Iran","author":"Khademi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3456","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.6.3456-3461.2003","article-title":"Evaluation of DNA extraction methods for use in combination with SYBR green I real-time PCR to detect Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in poultry","volume":"69","author":"De Medici","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2019.03.003","article-title":"Occurrence and risk factors of Coxiella burnetii in domestic ruminants in Lebanon","volume":"64","author":"Dabaja","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.11.012","article-title":"Seroprevalence of horses to Coxiella burnetii in an Q fever endemic area","volume":"215","author":"Desjardins","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0135","first-page":"3","article-title":"Seroscreening of lactating cattle for coxiellosis by trans-PCR and commercial ELISA in Kerala, India","volume":"5","author":"Dhaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0140","first-page":"1","article-title":"Molecular prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in milk in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Esmaeili","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2011.11.001","article-title":"Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii and Neospora caninum in equine aborted foetuses and neonates","volume":"104","author":"Leon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0150","first-page":"220","article-title":"Contribution to the occurrence of Coxiella burnetii-infection in horses","volume":"93","author":"Runge","year":"2012","journal-title":"Praktische Tierarzt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.08.016","article-title":"Identification of Coxiella burnetii genotypes in Croatia using multi-locus VNTR analysis","volume":"173","author":"Ra\u010di\u0107","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2231","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002231","article-title":"Rapid, simple and sensitive detection of Q fever by loop-mediated isothermal amplification of the htpAB gene","volume":"7","author":"Pan","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1905.121489","article-title":"Search for possible additional reservoirs for human Q fever, the Netherlands","volume":"19","author":"Roest","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerging Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12051","article-title":"Potential animal and environmental sources of q fever infection for humans in q ueensland","volume":"61","author":"Tozer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.10.007","article-title":"Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in domestic ruminants: a critical review","volume":"149","author":"Guatteo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20407","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.18.08.20407-en","article-title":"Q fever in humans and farm animals in four European countries, 1982 to 2010","volume":"18","author":"Georgiev","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2006.11.001","article-title":"Goats may experience reproductive failures and shed Coxiella burnetii at two successive parturitions after a Q fever infection","volume":"83","author":"Berri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5352","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2006-815","article-title":"Comparison of Coxiella burnetii shedding in milk of dairy bovine, caprine, and ovine herds","volume":"90","author":"Rodolakis","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268808001908","article-title":"Investigation of a Q fever outbreak in a rural area of the Netherlands","volume":"137","author":"Karagiannis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.26444\/aaem\/80706","article-title":"Serological prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in dairy goats and ewes diagnosed with adverse pregnancy outcomes in Greece","volume":"24","author":"Filioussis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Agric. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2019.102028","article-title":"First description of Coxiella burnetiiand Rickettsia spp. infection and molecular detection of piroplasma co-infecting horses in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, China","volume":"76","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasitol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.7.1823-1834.1998","article-title":"Diagnosis of Q fever","volume":"36","author":"Fournier","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521_bib0215","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of Q fever\u2014United States, 2013: recommendations from CDC and the Q Fever Working Group","volume":"62","author":"Anderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wlky Rep."}],"container-title":["Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147957120301107?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147957120301107?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T06:46:05Z","timestamp":1758955565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0147957120301107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S0147957120301107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521","relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-9571"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-9571","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in horse sera in Iran","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101521","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101521"}}