{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T20:20:56Z","timestamp":1788466856403,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T23:35:39Z","timestamp":1787700939000},"page":"102519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Comparative genomic analysis of Streptococcus parasuis and Streptococcus suis reveals mobile element-associated enrichment of antimicrobial resistance and lack of detectable same-MGE colocalization with virulence-associated genes within stable species boundaries"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Zhang","family":"Zhen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma","family":"Baihe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Meiliang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Yuxuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Lianrui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib1","article-title":"Streptococcus suis: Epidemiology and resistance evolution of an emerging zoonotic bacteria","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"One Health (Amst. Neth. )"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2007.131594","article-title":"Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of Streptococcus suis infection in humans","volume":"20","author":"Huong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3003.230348","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of underreported emerging zoonotic pathogen Streptococcus suis in Europe","volume":"30","author":"Brizuela","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3107.241835","article-title":"Human Streptococcus suis Infections, South America, 1995-2024","volume":"31","author":"Bakpatina-Batako","year":"2025","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2410","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11102410","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Streptococcus suis, and Pasteurella multocida isolated from romanian swine farms","volume":"11","author":"Siteavu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-025-04504-6","article-title":"Serotyping and antimicrobial resistance of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolates from fattening pigs in Poland from 2019 to 2024","volume":"21","author":"Paulina","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1745115","article-title":"Pan-European analysis shows stable, low antimicrobial resistance in most bovine and porcine respiratory tract pathogens","volume":"17","author":"de Jong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.067116-0","article-title":"Reappraisal of the taxonomy of Streptococcus suis serotypes 20, 22 and 26: Streptococcus parasuis sp. nov","volume":"65","author":"Nomoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evolut. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkad347","article-title":"Emergence of a novel ISS1N-optrA-carrying transposon within an integrative and conjugative element from Streptococcus parasuis","volume":"79","author":"Dai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2023.109795","article-title":"ICESpsuAH0906, a novel optrA-carrying element conferring resistance to phenicols and oxazolidinones from Streptococcus parasuis, is transferable to Streptococcus suis","volume":"283","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib11","first-page":"825","article-title":"Co-existence of oxazolidinone resistance genes cfr(D) and optrA on Two Streptococcus parasuis Isolates from Swine","volume":"12","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiot. (Basel Switz. )"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14040395","article-title":"Genomic Characterization of potential opportunistic zoonotic Streptococcus parasuis Isolated in China","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.21775\/cimb.032.123","article-title":"Mobile genetic elements in Streptococci","volume":"32","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Issues Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2016.00118","article-title":"Evolution and diversity of the antimicrobial resistance associated mobilome in Streptococcus suis: a probable mobile genetic elements reservoir for other Streptococci","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9010022","article-title":"Chromosomal conjugative and mobilizable elements in Streptococcus suis: major actors in the spreading of antimicrobial resistance and bacteriocin synthesis genes","volume":"9","author":"Libante","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2024.0229","article-title":"Diversity and evolution of the mobilome associated with antibiotic resistance genes in Streptococcus anginosus","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microb. Drug. Resist. (Larchmt. N. Y. )"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib17","article-title":"Genomic characterization of mobile genetic elements associated with antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae from Australia","volume":"12","author":"Sunmonu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Microb. Genom."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00821","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00821-19","article-title":"Coexistence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors deciphered by large-scale complete genome analysis","volume":"5","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11060706","article-title":"Are virulence and antibiotic resistance genes linked? A comprehensive analysis of bacterial chromosomes and plasmids","volume":"11","author":"Darmancier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-026-04948-5","article-title":"One health genomic perspective on pseudescherichia vulneris: a neglected reservoir of last-resort resistance genes","volume":"83","author":"Ballaben","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib21","article-title":"Pan-genome analysis of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 highlights genes associated with virulence and antibiotic resistance","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-022-01039-8","article-title":"Comparative analysis of Streptococcus suis genomes identifies novel candidate virulence-associated genes in North American isolates","volume":"53","author":"Estrada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib23","article-title":"Pan-immune system, mobilome and resistome in Streptococcus suis","volume":"11","author":"Dech\u00eane-Tempier","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microb. Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2024.102436","article-title":"Multi-layered genome defences in bacteria","volume":"78","author":"Agapov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.3390\/genes10090707","article-title":"Synergistic activity of mobile genetic element defences in Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"10","author":"Kwun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-020-01056-5","article-title":"Haplotype-resolved de novo assembly using phased assembly graphs with hifiasm","volume":"18","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu153","article-title":"Prokka: rapid prokaryotic genome annotation","volume":"30","author":"Seemann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5114","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07641-9","article-title":"High throughput ANI analysis of 90K prokaryotic genomes reveals clear species boundaries","volume":"9","author":"Jain","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.000760","article-title":"OrthoANI: an improved algorithm and software for calculating average nucleotide identity","volume":"66","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evolut. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009490","article-title":"FastTree 2--approximately maximum-likelihood trees for large alignments","volume":"5","author":"Price","year":"2010","journal-title":"PloS. One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa015","article-title":"IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era","volume":"37","author":"Minh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"W1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W293","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab301","article-title":"Interactive Tree Of Life (iTOL) v5: an online tool for phylogenetic tree display and annotation","volume":"49","author":"Letunic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011147","article-title":"progressiveMauve: multiple genome alignment with gene gain, loss and rearrangement","volume":"5","author":"Darling","year":"2010","journal-title":"PloS. One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-020-02090-4","article-title":"Producing polished prokaryotic pangenomes with the Panaroo pipeline","volume":"21","author":"Tonkin-Hill","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib35","first-page":"3691","article-title":"Roary: rapid large-scale prokaryote pan genome analysis","volume":"31","author":"Page","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioinforma. (Oxf. Engl. )"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5825","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab293","article-title":"eggNOG-mapper v2: Functional Annotation, Orthology Assignments, and Domain Prediction at the Metagenomic Scale","volume":"38","author":"Cantalapiedra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (1995). Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. Journal of the royal statistical society series b-methodological, 57, 289-300. https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/Controlling-the-false-discovery-rat%3A-a-practical-Benjamini-Hochberg\/fcef2258a963f3d3984a486185ddc4349c43aa35.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91456-0","article-title":"AMRFinderPlus and the Reference Gene Catalog facilitate examination of the genomic links among antimicrobial resistance, stress response, and virulence","volume":"11","author":"Feldgarden","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00465-25","article-title":"Pan-genome classification of the virulence spectrum of Bartonella and the variation of heme-binding protein virulence factor in isolates from the Tibetan Plateau","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008866","article-title":"Phylogenetic background and habitat drive the genetic diversification of Escherichia coli","volume":"16","author":"Touchon","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS. Genet."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks406","article-title":"PhiSpy: a novel algorithm for finding prophages in bacterial genomes that combines similarity- and composition-based strategies","volume":"40","author":"Akhter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"W1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W30","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx343","article-title":"IslandViewer 4: expanded prediction of genomic islands for larger-scale datasets","volume":"45","author":"Bertelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2561","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30269-9","article-title":"Systematic and quantitative view of the antiviral arsenal of prokaryotes","volume":"13","author":"Tesson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib44","article-title":"Distribution of specific prokaryotic immune systems correlates with host optimal growth temperature","volume":"6","author":"Olijslager","year":"2024","journal-title":"NAR Genom. Bioinforma."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32942","article-title":"CRISPRdigger: detecting CRISPRs with better direct repeat annotations","volume":"6","author":"Ge","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msz197","article-title":"HyPhy 2.5-A Customizable Platform for Evolutionary Hypothesis Testing Using Phylogenies","volume":"37","author":"Kosakovsky Pond","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msv035","article-title":"Gene-wide identification of episodic selection","volume":"32","author":"Murrell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002764","article-title":"Detecting individual sites subject to episodic diversifying selection","volume":"8","author":"Murrell","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS. Genet."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msi105","article-title":"Not so different after all: a comparison of methods for detecting amino acid sites under selection","volume":"22","author":"Kosakovsky Pond","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."}],"container-title":["Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147957126000810?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147957126000810?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T20:02:26Z","timestamp":1788465746000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0147957126000810"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0147957126000810"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519","relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-9571"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-9571","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparative genomic analysis of Streptococcus parasuis and Streptococcus suis reveals mobile element-associated enrichment of antimicrobial resistance and lack of detectable same-MGE colocalization with virulence-associated genes within stable species boundaries","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cimid.2026.102519","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102519"}}