{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T10:49:59Z","timestamp":1768906199622,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.es","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cirug\u00eda Espa\u00f1ola (English Edition)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T03:08:12Z","timestamp":1663038492000},"page":"170-179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Risk factors for complications in acute calculous cholecystitis. Deconstruction of the Tokyo Guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Sancho-Insenser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maite De","family":"Miguel-Palacio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josep-Ricard","family":"Morera-Casaponsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Estela","family":"Membrilla-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda-Jos\u00e9","family":"Pons-Fragero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Grande-Posa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Pera-Rom\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.456","article-title":"Optimal treatment strategy for acute cholecystitis based on predictive factors: Japan-Taiwan multicenter cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Endo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E5","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.629","article-title":"Management of acute cholecystitis in high-risk patients","volume":"26","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0015","first-page":"1","article-title":"Validation of the Tokyo guideline 2018 treatment proposal for acute cholecystitis from a single-center retrospective analysis","author":"Bekki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J Endosc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0020","first-page":"1","article-title":"How to Predict Postoperative Complications After Early Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis: the Chole-Risk Score","author":"Di Martino","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-005-0051-8","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors for gallstone disease: has the paradigm changed in the 21st century?","volume":"7","author":"Shaffer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.457","article-title":"Validation of TG13 severity grading in acute cholecystitis: Japan-Taiwan collaborative study for acute cholecystitis","volume":"24","author":"Yokoe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.516","article-title":"Tokyo Guidelines 2018: flowchart for the management of acute cholecystitis","volume":"25","author":"Okamoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k3965","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k3965","article-title":"Laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus percutaneous catheter drainage for acute cholecystitis in high risk patients (CHOCOLATE): Multicentre randomised clinical trial","volume":"363","author":"Loozen","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182a1599b","article-title":"Acute cholecystitis: Early versus delayed cholecystectomy, a multicenter randomized trial (ACDC Study, NCT00447304)","volume":"258","author":"Gutt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0050","series-title":"The Higher Risk General Surgical Patient: Towards Improved Care for a Forgotten Group","author":"Care PO","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-016-1508-y","article-title":"Risk-adjusted treatment selection and outcome of patients with acute cholecystitis","volume":"402","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Langenbeck\u2019s Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: Development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2017.10.041","article-title":"Validation of the AAST EGS acute cholecystitis grade and comparison with the Tokyo guidelines","volume":"163","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-020-04570-1","article-title":"Frailty Predicts Morbidity and Mortality After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis: An ACS-NSQIP Cohort Analysis","volume":"25","author":"Fagenson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2019.3750","article-title":"Characterization of High Mortality Probability Operations at National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Hospitals","volume":"155","author":"Resio","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000133083.54934.ae","article-title":"Classification of surgical complications: A new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey","volume":"240","author":"Dindo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2021.0528","article-title":"STROBE Reporting Guidelines for Observational Studies","author":"Ghaferi","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cali.2016.03.004","article-title":"Fallo en el rescate: un indicador de calidad necesario sobre todo para evaluar los resultados de los servicios quir\u00fargicos","volume":"31","author":"Aguayo-Albasini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Calid Asist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0095","first-page":"752","article-title":"A systematic review to identify the factors that affect failure to rescue and escalation of care in surgery","volume":"157","author":"Johnston","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg (United States)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199207000-00004","article-title":"Hospital and Patient Characteristics Associated With Death After Surgery","volume":"30","author":"Silber","year":"1992","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2011.568786","article-title":"An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in observational studies","volume":"46","author":"Austin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Multivariate Behav Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.450","article-title":"Descriptive review of acute cholecystitis: Japan-Taiwan collaborative epidemiological study","volume":"24","author":"Yokoe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2892","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-016-3660-5","article-title":"The Yield of Fever, Inflammatory Markers and Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Acute Cholecystitis: A Validation of the 2013 Tokyo Guidelines","volume":"40","author":"Naidu","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1007\/s00534-012-0548-0","article-title":"New diagnostic criteria and severity assessment of acute cholecystitis in revised Tokyo guidelines","volume":"19","author":"Yokoe","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2994","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-019-07091-4","article-title":"Comparison of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy in aged acute calculous cholecystitis: a cohort study","volume":"34","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2018.10.031","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of early cholecystectomy for comorbid acute cholecystitis and acute cholangitis: Retrospective cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Abe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0135","first-page":"373","article-title":"Single center retrospective analysis of early vs. delayed treatment in acute calculous cholecystitis: application of a clinical pathway and an economic analysis","volume":"21","author":"Pisano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2892","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-5300-4","article-title":"Tokyo Guidelines 2013 may be too restrictive and patients with moderate and severe acute cholecystitis can be managed by early cholecystectomy too","volume":"31","author":"Amirthalingam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Endosc Other Interv Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2009.05923.x","article-title":"Impact of the Tokyo guidelines on the management of patients with acute calculous cholecystitis","volume":"24","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2018.02.016","article-title":"Evaluating the Relevance of the 2013 Tokyo Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Cholecystitis","volume":"227","author":"Joseph","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpb.2018.11.007","article-title":"Failure to perform index cholecystectomy during acute cholecystitis results in significant morbidity for patients who present with recurrence","volume":"21","author":"Escart\u00edn","year":"2019","journal-title":"HPB"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0160","first-page":"1","article-title":"Tokyo Guidelines 2018: initial management of acute biliary infection and flowchart for acute cholecystitis","volume":"2007","author":"Miura","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2017.01.015","article-title":"Propensity score-matching analysis of the efficacy of late cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis","volume":"214","author":"Takemoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0170","article-title":"Management of acute cholecystitis in elderly patients: A propensity score-matched analysis of surgical vs. medical treatment: Acute cholecystitis in elderly patients","volume":"23","author":"Rosa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-019-05104-w","article-title":"An Acute General Surgical Unit (AGSU) Negates the Impact of the Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG18) Diagnostic Criteria for the Treatment of Acute Cholecystitis","volume":"43","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199804000-00001","article-title":"Prospective Randomized Study of Early Versus Delayed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis","volume":"227","author":"Lo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6916","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i48.6916","article-title":"Operative complications and economic outcomes of cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis","volume":"25","author":"Rice","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.10.002","article-title":"Pre-surgery age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index is associated with worse outcomes in acute cholecystitis","volume":"51","author":"Bonaventura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)31631-5","article-title":"The Estimation of Surgical Risk","volume":"63","author":"Feigal","year":"1979","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5200","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-4894-x","article-title":"Endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural stenting for gallbladder drainage in high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis: a systematic review and pooled analysis","volume":"30","author":"Anderloni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aes165","article-title":"Variations in mortality after emergency laparotomy: The first report of the UK emergency laparotomy network","volume":"109","author":"Saunders","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-019-0224-7","article-title":"2017 WSES and SICG guidelines on acute calcolous cholecystitis in elderly population","volume":"14","author":"Pisano","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.515","article-title":"Tokyo Guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholecystitis (with videos)","volume":"25","author":"Yokoe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"}],"container-title":["Cirug\u00eda Espa\u00f1ola (English Edition)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2173507722003568?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2173507722003568?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T01:56:41Z","timestamp":1761875801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2173507722003568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S2173507722003568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["2173-5077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2173-5077","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk factors for complications in acute calculous cholecystitis. Deconstruction of the Tokyo Guidelines","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cirug\u00eda Espa\u00f1ola (English Edition)","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cireng.2022.09.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ciresp.2022.02.011","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 AEC. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}