{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T17:39:48Z","timestamp":1780508388768,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","onlinecjc.ca","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Canadian Journal of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T01:57:07Z","timestamp":1592791027000},"page":"1458-1466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4460-9101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Luc","family":"Bigras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.025","article-title":"Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"58","author":"van der Linde","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2014-305575","article-title":"Acquired heart conditions in adults with congenital heart disease: a growing problem","volume":"100","author":"Tutarel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib3","first-page":"841","article-title":"Hypertension, obesity, and coronary artery disease in the survivors of congenital heart disease","volume":"29","author":"Roche","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/ncp.10274","article-title":"Malnutrition in children with chronic disease","volume":"34","author":"Larson-Nath","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1177\/2150135118765881","article-title":"Nutrition considerations in the pediatric cardiac intensive care unit patient","volume":"9","author":"Justice","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12231","article-title":"Growth restriction in infants and young children with congenital heart disease","volume":"10","author":"Costello","year":"2015","journal-title":"Congenit Heart Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951118000781","article-title":"Impact of a Standardized Clinical Assessment and Management Plan (SCAMP\u00ae) on growth in infants with CHD","volume":"28","author":"Gongwer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e294","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0141","article-title":"What determines nutritional recovery in malnourished children after correction of congenital heart defects?","volume":"124","author":"Vaidyanathan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1157","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0306","article-title":"Obesity is a common comorbidity in children with congenital and acquired heart disease","volume":"120","author":"Pinto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib10","first-page":"448","article-title":"The cardiovascular risk in children with congenital heart disease [in French]","volume":"100","author":"Massin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.159.5.477","article-title":"Effect of activity restriction owing to heart disease on obesity","volume":"159","author":"Stefan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2019.09.077","article-title":"Children with congenital heart disease are active but need to keep moving: a cross-sectional study using wrist-worn physical activity trackers","volume":"217","author":"Brudy","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.01.397","article-title":"Social burden and lifestyle in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"109","author":"Zomer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-14-271","article-title":"Overweight and obesity in children with congenital heart disease: combination of risks for the future?","volume":"14","author":"Barbiero","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjr.0000197472.81694.2b","article-title":"Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"13","author":"Moons","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-016-0632-z","article-title":"The different facets of dyslipidemia and hypertension in atherosclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Hurtubise","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.05.075","article-title":"Elevated sympathetic activity, endothelial dysfunction, and late hypertension after repair of coarctation of the aorta","volume":"243","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2018.10.017","article-title":"Subclinical burden of coronary artery calcium in patients with coarctation of the aorta","volume":"123","author":"Krishnamurthy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0000000000000430","article-title":"Clinical and echocardiographic predictors of long-term outcome of a large cohort of patients with bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"18","author":"Morosin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/HCG.0000000000000048","article-title":"Cardiovascular health in Turner syndrome: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"11","author":"Silberbach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Genom Precis Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(85)80297-3","article-title":"Systemic hypertension secondary to peripheral vascular anomalies in patients with Williams syndrome","volume":"106","author":"Daniels","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht151","article-title":"2013 ESH\/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"34","author":"Mancia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.02.011","article-title":"Increased aortic blood pressure augmentation in patients with congenital heart defects - a cross-sectional study in 1125 patients and 322 controls","volume":"184","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib24","first-page":"1618","article-title":"Carotid intima-media thickness in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease","volume":"34","author":"Reiner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.06.041","article-title":"Geriatric congenital heart disease: burden of disease and predictors of mortality","volume":"58","author":"Afilalo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2011.07.021","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of coronary artery disease in adults with congenital heart defects","volume":"164","author":"Yalonetsky","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12782","article-title":"Coronary artery disease in adults with tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"14","author":"Egbe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Congenit Heart Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.01.353","article-title":"Burden of coronary artery disease in adults with congenital heart disease and its relation to congenital and traditional heart risk factors","volume":"103","author":"Giannakoulas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib29","first-page":"849","article-title":"Transforming growth factor \u03b21 and coronary intimal hyperplasia in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease","volume":"29","author":"Guerri-Guttenberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.135046","article-title":"Cardiovascular outcomes after the arterial switch operation for D-transposition of the great arteries","volume":"127","author":"Khairy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2012.06.009","article-title":"Mechanisms of coronary complications after the arterial switch for transposition of the great arteries","volume":"145","author":"Ou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.80.4.322","article-title":"Myocardial perfusion defects and associated systemic ventricular dysfunction in congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries","volume":"80","author":"Hornung","year":"1998","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.02.076","article-title":"Intracoronary ultrasound assessment late after the arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries","volume":"45","author":"Pedra","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.06.065","article-title":"Abnormal vasomotor function of the epicardial coronary arteries in children five to eight years after arterial switch operation: an angiographic and intracoronary Doppler flow wire study","volume":"46","author":"Gagliardi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2174\/157340312801215836","article-title":"Cyanotic congenital heart disease the coronary arterial circulation","volume":"8","author":"Perloff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-311012","article-title":"Cyanotic congenital heart disease and atherosclerosis","volume":"103","author":"Tarp","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-019-09904-z","article-title":"Heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction in adult congenital heart disease","volume":"25","author":"Vaikunth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib38","article-title":"Stroke in adults with coarctation of the aorta: a national population-based study","volume":"7","author":"Pickard","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-311076","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of intracranial aneurysms in patients with bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"103","author":"Egbe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib40","first-page":"e637","article-title":"2018 AHA\/ACC guideline for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"139","author":"Stout","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.09.038","article-title":"Aortic dissection and prophylactic surgery in congenital heart disease","volume":"274","author":"Kuijpers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2006.114306","article-title":"Arterial haemodynamics in patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: influence on left ventricular after load and aortic dilatation","volume":"94","author":"Senzaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.011241","article-title":"Stroke in adults with congenital heart disease: incidence, cumulative risk, and predictors","volume":"132","author":"Lanz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.10.056","article-title":"Prognostic usefulness of left ventricular thrombus by echocardiography in dilated cardiomyopathy in predicting stroke, transient ischemic attack, and death","volume":"93","author":"Crawford","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-016-0807-0","article-title":"Prognostic value of multiple biomarkers for cardiovascular mortality in adult congenital heart disease: comparisons of single-\/two-ventricle physiology, and systemic morphologically right\/left ventricles","volume":"31","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2018.04.003","article-title":"Risk of thromboembolic complications in adult congenital heart disease: a literature review","volume":"111","author":"Karsenty","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2010.196147","article-title":"Cerebrovascular accidents in adult patients with congenital heart disease","volume":"96","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.02.048","article-title":"The CALF (Congenital Heart Disease in Adults Lower Extremity Systemic Venous Health in Fontan Patients) study","volume":"56","author":"Valente","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017202","article-title":"Survival prospects and circumstances of death in contemporary adult congenital heart disease patients under follow-up at a large tertiary centre","volume":"132","author":"Diller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2009.08.014","article-title":"Mortality associated with adult congenital heart disease: trends in the US population from 1979 to 2005","volume":"158","author":"Pillutla","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-017-0337-9","article-title":"Inflammation - cause or consequence of heart failure or both?","volume":"14","author":"Van Linthout","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Heart Fail Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00187-9","article-title":"A\u00a0population-based prospective evaluation of risk of sudden cardiac death after operation for common congenital heart defects","volume":"32","author":"Silka","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.02.057","article-title":"Incidence and predictors of sudden cardiac arrest in adults with congenital heart defects repaired before adult life","volume":"110","author":"Gallego","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043399","article-title":"Amiodarone or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for congestive heart failure","volume":"352","author":"Bardy","year":"2005","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.111.966754","article-title":"Implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in adults with congenital heart disease: who is at risk of shocks?","volume":"5","author":"Koyak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2015-211473","article-title":"Sudden cardiac death in asymptomatic aortic stenosis: is the valve to blame?","volume":"2016","author":"Christensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000352","article-title":"Chronic heart failure in congenital heart disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"133","author":"Stout","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.10.065","article-title":"Incidence and risk distribution of heart failure in adolescents and adults with congenital heart disease after cardiac surgery","volume":"97","author":"Norozi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2011.05.027","article-title":"Circulating levels of biomarkers of collagen synthesis and ventricular function and dyssynchrony in adolescents and young adults after repair of tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"162","author":"Lai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-011-0091-9","article-title":"Assessment of coronary flow reserve in the coronary sinus by cine 3T-magnetic resonance imaging in young adults after surgery for tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"33","author":"Cuypers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.11.012","article-title":"Effects of angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition compared to angiotensin inhibition on ventricular arrhythmias in reduced ejection fraction patients under continuous remote monitoring of implantable defibrillator devices","volume":"15","author":"de Diego","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00682-3","article-title":"Long-term outcome in congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries: a multi-institutional study","volume":"36","author":"Graham","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-13-167","article-title":"Impact of different exercise training modalities on the coronary collateral circulation and plaque composition in patients with significant coronary artery disease (EXCITE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Uhlemann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052256","article-title":"Trends in prevalence and outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"355","author":"Owan","year":"2006","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib65","author":"Rychik"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-015-0039-x","article-title":"Cardiac biomarkers in children with congenital heart disease","volume":"11","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800239","article-title":"Biomarkers in heart failure","volume":"358","author":"Braunwald","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib68","author":"Liberale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1080\/1354750X.2018.1490969","article-title":"Possible mechanisms behind cardiac troponin elevations","volume":"23","author":"Hammarsten","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-1211","article-title":"Volume overload and pressure overload due to left-to-right shunt-induced myocardial injury. - Evaluation using a highly sensitive cardiac troponin-I assay in children with congenital heart disease","volume":"75","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.11.037","article-title":"A\u00a0test in context: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein","volume":"67","author":"Ridker","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3253","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy362","article-title":"Prospective cohort study of C-reactive protein as a predictor of clinical events in adults with congenital heart disease: results of the Boston adult congenital heart disease biobank","volume":"39","author":"Opotowsky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-018-9683-2","article-title":"Redefining biomarkers in heart failure","volume":"23","author":"Correale","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.02.092","article-title":"The usefulness of brain natriuretic peptide in complex congenital heart disease: a systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Eindhoven","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0803.2008.00240.x","article-title":"Impact of spironolactone on endothelial function in patients with single ventricle heart","volume":"4","author":"Mahle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Congenit Heart Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib76","article-title":"Heart failure in adult congenital heart disease: nonpharmacologic treatment strategies","volume":"33","author":"LeMond","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.05.051","article-title":"Heart rate response during exercise predicts survival in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"48","author":"Diller","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2851","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000147539.39775.F4","article-title":"Heart rate recovery and impact of myocardial revascularization on long-term mortality","volume":"110","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/HJR.0b013e328088cb92","article-title":"Comparison of the chronotropic response to exercise and heart rate recovery in predicting cardiovascular mortality","volume":"14","author":"Myers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.11.117","article-title":"Incidence and clinical characteristics of sudden cardiac death in adult congenital heart disease","volume":"254","author":"Moore","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib81","article-title":"Adult congenital heart disease in a nationwide population 2000-2014: epidemiological trends, arrhythmia, and standardized mortality ratio","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.866319","article-title":"Atrial arrhythmias in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"120","author":"Bouchardy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.08.059","article-title":"Development and validation of a risk prediction model in patients with adult congenital heart disease","volume":"276","author":"Baggen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01272-4","article-title":"Task force 1: the changing profile of congenital heart disease in adult life","volume":"37","author":"Warnes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2017-312777","article-title":"Causes of death in a contemporary adult congenital heart disease cohort","volume":"104","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.05.132","article-title":"Mortality in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"245","author":"Naidu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0828282X20305766?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0828282X20305766?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:43:59Z","timestamp":1760107439000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0828282X20305766"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0828282X20305766"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0828-282X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0828-282X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Canadian Journal of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.06.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2020 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}