{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T11:59:39Z","timestamp":1791633579269,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","onlinecjc.ca","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Canadian Journal of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T15:48:29Z","timestamp":1755618509000},"page":"2575-2583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evening Blood Pressure Medication Administration and Cardiovascular Events: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3967-1528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricky D.","family":"Turgeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blair J.","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott R.","family":"Garrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.16501","article-title":"Lowering nighttime blood pressure with bedtime dosing of antihypertensive medications: controversies in hypertension---con side of the argument","volume":"78","author":"Turgeon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.10971","article-title":"Nocturnal hypertension: new technology and evidence","volume":"71","author":"Kario","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib3","first-page":"CD004184","article-title":"Evening versus morning dosing regimen drug therapy for hypertension","volume":"2","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2010.510230","article-title":"Influence of circadian time of hypertension treatment on cardiovascular risk: results of the MAPEC study","volume":"27","author":"Hermida","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4565","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz754","article-title":"Bedtime hypertension treatment improves cardiovascular risk reduction: the Hygia Chronotherapy Trial","volume":"41","author":"Hermida","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01786-X","article-title":"Cardiovascular outcomes in adults with hypertension with evening versus morning dosing of usual antihypertensives in the UK (TIME study): a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint clinical trial","volume":"400","author":"Mackenzie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487320903611","article-title":"Impact of bedtime dosing of antihypertensives compared to morning therapy: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"28","author":"Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12354","article-title":"Evening dosing of antihypertensive therapy to reduce cardiovascular events: a third type of evidence based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"16","author":"Roush","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003508","article-title":"The effect of bedtime versus morning dosing of antihypertensive drugs on the cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"41","author":"Abuelazm","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.20862","article-title":"Timing of antihypertensive drug therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"80","author":"Maqsood","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.4390","article-title":"Antihypertensive medication timing and cardiovascular events and death: the BedMed randomized clinical trial","volume":"333","author":"Garrison","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.13812","article-title":"Bedtime vs morning antihypertensive medications in frail older adults: the BedMed-Frail randomized clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Garrison","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib13","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.3656","article-title":"Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of individual participant data: the PRISMA-IPD statement","volume":"313","author":"Stewart","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-021-01308-8","article-title":"IPDfromKM: reconstruct individual patient data from published Kaplan-Meier survival curves","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib16","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib17","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews","article-title":"Assessing risk of bias due to missing results in a synthesis","author":"Page","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence","volume":"64","author":"Balshem","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2022.07.014","article-title":"GRADE Guidance 34: update on rating imprecision using a minimally contextualized approach","volume":"150","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1482","article-title":"Improved tests for a random effects meta-regression with a single covariate","volume":"22","author":"Knapp","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-25","article-title":"The Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method for random effects meta-analysis is straightforward and considerably outperforms the standard DerSimonian-Laird method","volume":"14","author":"IntHout","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1297","article-title":"Methods for evidence synthesis in the case of very few studies","volume":"9","author":"Bender","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X1501500203","article-title":"Two-stage individual participant data meta-analysis and generalized forest plots","volume":"15","author":"Fisher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stata J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-059711","article-title":"Bedtime versus morning use of antihypertensives for cardiovascular risk reduction (BedMed): protocol for a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded end-point pragmatic trial","volume":"12","author":"Garrison","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003581","article-title":"Impact of timing of antihypertensive treatment on mortality: an observational study from the Spanish Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Registry","volume":"42","author":"de la Sierra","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003240","article-title":"Bedtime dosing of antihypertensive medications: systematic review and consensus statement: International Society of Hypertension position paper endorsed by World Hypertension League and European Society of Hypertension","volume":"40","author":"Stergiou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-084164","article-title":"Protocol for the development of a tool (INSPECT-SR) to identify problematic randomised controlled trials in systematic reviews of health interventions","volume":"14","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39553.670231.25","article-title":"Adherence to prescribed antihypertensive drug treatments: longitudinal study of electronically compiled dosing histories","volume":"336","author":"Vrijens","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0828282X25010116?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0828282X25010116?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:33:06Z","timestamp":1777581186000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0828282X25010116"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0828282X25010116"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328","relation":{},"ISSN":["0828-282X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0828-282X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evening Blood Pressure Medication Administration and Cardiovascular Events: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Canadian Journal of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.08.328","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjca.2025.09.047","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}