{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T23:09:36Z","timestamp":1762902576509,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000156","name":"Fonds de recherche du Quebec Sante","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cjcopen.ca","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJC Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T23:16:53Z","timestamp":1620170213000},"page":"1100-1107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of Perindopril on Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence and Burden: Results of the Canadian Trial of Atrial Fibrillation (CTAF)-2"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Lena","family":"Rivard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9674-6565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Samuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annik","family":"Fortier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie-Claude","family":"Guertin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Khairy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Talajic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Claude","family":"Tardif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.10.946","article-title":"Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"98","author":"Benjamin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.22.8.983","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study","volume":"22","author":"Wolf","year":"1991","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi505","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation management: a prospective survey in ESC member countries: the Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"26","author":"Nieuwlaat","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw128","volume":"37","author":"Ponikowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy339","article-title":"2018 ESC\/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension","volume":"39","author":"Williams","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248415619490","article-title":"Effects of RAAS blockers on atrial fibrillation prophylaxis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"21","author":"Chaugai","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.11.070","article-title":"Prevention of atrial fibrillation with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: a meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Healey","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e31804beb59","article-title":"Prevention of atrial fibrillation by way of abrogation of the renin-angiotensin system: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Jibrini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2010.123","article-title":"The role of renin-angiotensin system blockade therapy in the prevention of atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"88","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-5922.12073","article-title":"Effect of telmisartan on atrial fibrillation recurrences in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Pan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.03.056","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in hypertensive patients is associated with a reduction in the occurrence of atrial fibrillation","volume":"44","author":"L'Allier","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht507","article-title":"Antihypertensive treatment and risk of atrial fibrillation: a nationwide study","volume":"35","author":"Marott","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3721","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003721","article-title":"Angiotensin-receptor blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and risks of atrial fibrillation: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"95","author":"Hsieh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-2-201001190-00005","article-title":"Risk for incident atrial fibrillation in patients who receive antihypertensive drugs: a nested case-control study","volume":"152","author":"Schaer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.06.080","article-title":"Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients with a history of atrial fibrillation: The Losartan Intervention For End Point Reduction in Hypertension (LIFE) study","volume":"45","author":"Wachtell","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3282f35c67","article-title":"Reduced incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation with angiotensin II receptor blockade: the VALUE trial","volume":"26","author":"Schmieder","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1008816","article-title":"Irbesartan in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"364","author":"ACTIVE I Investigators; Yusuf","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0805710","article-title":"Valsartan for prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation","volume":"360","author":"GISSI-AF Investigators; Disertori","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.202309","article-title":"Effect of nifedipine versus telmisartan on prevention of atrial fibrillation recurrence in hypertensive patients","volume":"61","author":"Du","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2008.217","article-title":"Effect of valsartan and ramipril on atrial fibrillation recurrence and P-wave dispersion in hypertensive patients with recurrent symptomatic lone atrial fibrillation","volume":"21","author":"Fogari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000431740.32696.cc","article-title":"2013 ESH\/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"31","author":"Mancia","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E25","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/sum035","article-title":"Perindopril and prevention of atrial fibrillation","volume":"9","author":"Tardif","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Heart J Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.023","article-title":"Maintenance of sinus rhythm and survival in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation","volume":"55","author":"Talajic","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1177\/1470320312443909","article-title":"A multicentre, randomized study of telmisartan versus carvedilol for prevention of atrial fibrillation recurrence in hypertensive patients","volume":"13","author":"Galzerano","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.21994","article-title":"Effect of telmisartan on paroxysmal atrial fibrillation recurrence in hypertensive patients with normal or increased left atrial size","volume":"35","author":"Fogari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.111.965178","article-title":"Angiotensin II-antagonist in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (ANTIPAF) trial","volume":"5","author":"Goette","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0027","first-page":"709","article-title":"Absence of protective effect of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors on atrial fibrillation development: insights from the Canadian Trial of Atrial Fibrillation (CTAF)","volume":"24","author":"Palardy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0028","first-page":"21","article-title":"Mechanisms of atrial remodeling and clinical relevance","volume":"20","author":"Nattel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1080\/14779072.2017.1299005","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of atrial fibrosis: implications for the clinic","volume":"15","author":"Thanigaimani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2008.03234.x","article-title":"The role of the renin-angiotensin system in atrial fibrillation and the therapeutic effects of ACE-Is and ARBS","volume":"66","author":"Novo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-005-0571-2","article-title":"ACE-inhibitor treatment attenuates atrial structural remodeling in patients with lone chronic atrial fibrillation","volume":"101","author":"Boldt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2005.01.006","article-title":"Angiotensin II, angiotensin II antagonists and spironolactone and their modulation of cardiac repolarization","volume":"26","author":"Delpon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000137118.47943.5C","article-title":"Different effects of antihypertensive therapies based on losartan or atenolol on ultrasound and biochemical markers of myocardial fibrosis: results of a randomized trial","volume":"110","author":"Ciulla","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpcardio0480","article-title":"Drug Insight: angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and atrial fibrillation\u2014indications and contraindications","volume":"3","author":"Levy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(02)00243-2","article-title":"Enalapril effects on atrial remodeling and atrial fibrillation in experimental congestive heart failure","volume":"54","author":"Shi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2926","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000072793.81076.D4","article-title":"Enalapril decreases the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: insight from the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) trials","volume":"107","author":"Vermes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960280609","article-title":"The comparative effects of telmisartan and ramipril on P-wave dispersion in hypertensive patients: a randomized clinical study","volume":"28","author":"Celik","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198104163041602","article-title":"The effect of weight reduction on blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone levels in obese patients","volume":"304","author":"Tuck","year":"1981","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.305697","article-title":"Obesity-induced hypertension: interaction of neurohumoral and renal mechanisms","volume":"116","author":"Hall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.023163","article-title":"Modifiable risk factors and atrial fibrillation","volume":"136","author":"Lau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014_bib0041","first-page":"1114","article-title":"2014 focused update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation","volume":"30","author":"Verma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"}],"container-title":["CJC Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589790X21001220?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589790X21001220?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T23:04:40Z","timestamp":1762902280000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589790X21001220"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589790X21001220"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2589-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of Perindopril on Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence and Burden: Results of the Canadian Trial of Atrial Fibrillation (CTAF)-2","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CJC Open","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.04.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Canadian Cardiovascular Society.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}