{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T09:09:10Z","timestamp":1791796150615,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016468","name":"Bruy\u00e8re Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016468","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cjcopen.ca","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJC Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T03:07:36Z","timestamp":1631156856000},"page":"75-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Sex Differences in Implantation and Outcomes of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Real-World Settings: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Omar","family":"Dewidar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haben","family":"Dawit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Barbeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Birnie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George A.","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.101685","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"183","author":"Wells","year":"2011","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib2","first-page":"182","article-title":"Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines on the use of cardiac resynchronization therapy: evidence and patient selection","volume":"29","author":"Exner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.2717","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy in women: US Food and Drug Administration meta-analysis of patient-level data","volume":"174","author":"Zusterzeel","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1133","article-title":"The interaction of sex, height, and QRS duration on the effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on morbidity and mortality: an individual-patient data meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Linde","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.17925\/EJAE.2020.6.1.17","article-title":"Explaining sex differences in cardiac resynchronization therapy outcome","volume":"6","author":"Zweerink","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.043594","article-title":"Women's participation in cardiovascular clinical trials from 2010 to 2017","volume":"141","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037369","article-title":"Sex differences in advanced heart failure therapies","volume":"139","author":"Hsich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa020","article-title":"Understanding the use of observational and randomized data in cardiovascular medicine","volume":"41","author":"Bowman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008","article-title":"Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group","volume":"283","author":"Stroup","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-11-12","article-title":"Development of a heart failure filter for MEDLINE: an objective approach using evidence-based clinical practice guidelines as an alternative to hand searching","volume":"11","author":"Damarell","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib11","unstructured":"BMJ Best Practice. Study design search filters. Available at: https:\/\/bestpractice.bmj.com\/info\/toolkit\/learn-ebm\/study-design-search-filters\/. Accessed December 16, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.001786","article-title":"More favorable response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in women than in men","volume":"7","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib13","article-title":"Sex-specific mortality differences in heart failure patients with ischemia receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"12","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2014.4980","article-title":"Sex differences in device therapy for heart failure: utilization, outcomes, and adverse events","volume":"24","author":"Herz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176248","article-title":"The impact of gender difference on clinical and echocardiographic outcomes in patients with heart failure after cardiac resynchronization therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Yin","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib16","unstructured":"Haddaway NR, Grainger MJ, Gray CT. citationchaser: an R package and Shiny app for forward and backward citations chasing in academic searching (version 0.0.3). Zenodo 2021. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.4543513. Accessed December 16, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2474","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17072474","article-title":"Incidence of respiratory symptoms for residents living near a petrochemical industrial complex: a meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691614553988","article-title":"p-curve and effect size: correcting for publication bias using only significant results","volume":"9","author":"Simonsohn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Perspect Psychol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib20","first-page":"13","article-title":"Evaluation of gender differences in response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in a single heart center","volume":"20","author":"Madadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Iran Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib21","first-page":"E33","article-title":"Usefulness of brain natriuretic peptide level at implant in predicting mortality in patients with advanced but stable heart failure receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"32","author":"El-Saed","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2013.03.005","article-title":"Left bundle branch block predicts better survival in women than men receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy long-term follow-up of similar to 145,000 patients","volume":"1","author":"Loring","year":"2013","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-310677","article-title":"Sex-specific outcomes with addition of defibrillation to resynchronisation therapy in patients with heart failure","volume":"103","author":"Barra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib24","first-page":"69","article-title":"Trends of sex differences in outcomes of cardiac electronic device implantations in the United States","volume":"36","author":"Mohamed","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib25","first-page":"86","article-title":"Sex disparities in the choice of cardiac resynchronization therapy device: an analysis of trends","volume":"37","author":"Mohamed","year":"2020","journal-title":"predictors, and outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eum143","article-title":"Efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy in very old patients: the Insync\/Insync ICD Italian Registry","volume":"9","author":"Achilli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2010.0666","article-title":"Why observational studies should be among the tools used in comparative effectiveness research","volume":"29","author":"Dreyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.185","article-title":"Effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy with implantable cardioverter defibrillator versus cardiac resynchronization therapy with pacemaker on mortality in heart failure patients: results of a high-volume, single-centre experience","volume":"16","author":"Kutyifa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euv212","article-title":"Adding the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator to cardiac resynchronization therapy is associated with improved long-term survival in ischaemic, but not in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy","volume":"18","author":"Witt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.08.004","article-title":"Rates and reasons for device-based guideline eligibility in patients with heart failure","volume":"11","author":"Lyons","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.05.041","article-title":"Eligibility for cardiac resynchronisation therapy among patients with heart failure, according to UK NICE guideline criteria","volume":"168","author":"Nayar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi446","article-title":"How many patients with heart failure are eligible for cardiac resynchronization? Insights from two prospective cohorts","volume":"27","author":"McAlister","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq217","article-title":"Prevalence of potential cardiac resynchronization therapy candidates and actual use of cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients hospitalized for heart failure","volume":"13","author":"De Sutter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2006.099523","article-title":"Management of patients with heart failure in clinical practice: differences between men and women","volume":"94","author":"Lenzen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-7241-18-48","article-title":"Early identification and delay to treatment in myocardial infarction and stroke: differences and similarities","volume":"18","author":"Herlitz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.05.024","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding cardiovascular disease in women: The Women's Heart Alliance","volume":"70","author":"Bairey Merz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JCN.0000278963.28619.4a","article-title":"Reducing delay in seeking treatment by patients with acute coronary syndrome and stroke: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Nursing and Stroke Council","volume":"22","author":"Moser","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-017-0179-8","article-title":"Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"FitzGerald","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib39","article-title":"Sex\/gender bias in the management of chest pain in ambulatory care","volume":"14","author":"Clerc Liaudat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.2217\/17455057.4.3.237","article-title":"Gender bias in medicine","volume":"4","author":"Hamberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.51.2.106","article-title":"A\u00a0two way view of gender bias in medicine","volume":"51","author":"Ruiz","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.13.1525","article-title":"Sex and racial differences in the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators among patients hospitalized with heart failure","volume":"298","author":"Hernandez","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib43","article-title":"Implicit gender bias and the use of cardiovascular tests among cardiologists","volume":"6","author":"Daugherty","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.021048","article-title":"Sex and race\/ethnicity differences in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator counseling and use among patients hospitalized with heart failure: findings from the Get with the Guidelines-Heart Failure Program","volume":"134","author":"Hess","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2015.02.025","article-title":"Gender and outcomes after primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: findings from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR)","volume":"170","author":"Russo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.13421","article-title":"Body image concerns in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: a scoping review","volume":"41","author":"Frydensberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.06.061","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy is more effective in women than in men: the MADIT-CRT (Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy) trial","volume":"57","author":"Arshad","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jey231","article-title":"Sex-specific difference in outcome after cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"20","author":"Beela","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2011.02168.x","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy: Do women benefit more than men?","volume":"23","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12438","article-title":"Early procedure-related adverse events by gender in MADIT-CRT","volume":"25","author":"Jamerson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.793463","article-title":"Gender differences in procedure-related adverse events in patients receiving implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy","volume":"119","author":"Peterson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e623","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000568","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation burden: moving beyond atrial fibrillation as a binary entity: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"137","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib53","first-page":"42","article-title":"Pacemaker insertion","volume":"3","author":"Kotsakou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.04.030","article-title":"Axillary vein puncture guided by ultrasound vs cephalic vein dissection in pacemaker and defibrillator implant: a multicenter randomized clinical trial","volume":"17","author":"Tagliari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eus054","article-title":"Pneumothorax in cardiac pacing: a population-based cohort study of 28,860 Danish patients","volume":"14","author":"Kirkfeldt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq278","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"31","author":"Camm","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"}],"container-title":["CJC Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589790X21002365?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589790X21002365?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T23:07:28Z","timestamp":1762902448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589790X21002365"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589790X21002365"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-790X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sex Differences in Implantation and Outcomes of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Real-World Settings: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CJC Open","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjco.2021.09.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}