{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T02:28:08Z","timestamp":1786415288026,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015631","name":"Merck Canada Inc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004334","name":"Merck","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004334","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cjcopen.ca","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJC Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T16:09:10Z","timestamp":1776182950000},"page":"1041-1051","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Socioeconomic Burden of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Patients and Caregivers: A Canadian Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3991-6544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandon","family":"Budhram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Myrah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia M.","family":"Westerhout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Courtney","family":"Gubbels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendimagegn","family":"Alemayehu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn","family":"Budd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0615-4575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason","family":"Weatherald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(24)00295-9","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension, 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"13","author":"Leary","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2017.84","article-title":"Epidemiology and treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"14","author":"Lau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/2045894020977300","article-title":"Epidemiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: identification of the most accurate estimates from a systematic literature review","volume":"11","author":"Leber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pul2.12190","article-title":"Societal costs associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension: a study utilizing linked national registries","volume":"13","author":"Runheim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e841","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000767","article-title":"Addressing social determinants of health in the care of patients with heart failure: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"141","author":"White-Williams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2021.12.017","article-title":"Economic issues in heart failure in the United States","volume":"28","author":"Heidenreich","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3069","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaf323","article-title":"Heart failure: assessment of the global economic burden","volume":"46","author":"Darvish","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001258","article-title":"Forecasting the economic burden of cardiovascular disease and stroke in the United States through 2050: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association","volume":"150","author":"Kazi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pul2.12077","article-title":"Examining the impact of pulmonary hypertension on nonprofessional caregivers: a mixed-methods systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Rawlings","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-199304050-00006","article-title":"The validity and reproducibility of a work productivity and activity impairment instrument","volume":"4","author":"Reilly","year":"1993","journal-title":"PharmacoEconomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2013-101891","article-title":"Health effects of employment: a systematic review of prospective studies","volume":"71","author":"Van Der Noordt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.08.309","article-title":"A time-series analysis of the relation between unemployment rate and hospital admission for acute myocardial infarction and stroke in Brazil over more than a decade","volume":"224","author":"Katz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.021859","article-title":"Return to the workforce after first hospitalization for heart failure: a Danish nationwide cohort study","volume":"134","author":"R\u00f8rth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.09.019","article-title":"Evidence-based therapy and its association with workforce detachment after first hospitalization for heart failure","volume":"6","author":"R\u00f8rth","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-19467-z","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of return to work after various coronary events: meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"12","author":"Kai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.10.032","article-title":"Return to the workforce following coronary artery bypass grafting: a Danish nationwide cohort study","volume":"251","author":"Butt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.004528","article-title":"Adverse change in employment status after acute myocardial infarction: analysis from the TRANSLATE-ACS Study","volume":"11","author":"Warraich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000040452","article-title":"Influence of a cardiac rehabilitation programme on the return to work of workers with ischaemic heart disease: influence of a cardiac rehabilitation programme","volume":"103","author":"Delgado-Calder\u00f3n","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01154-2017","article-title":"Work productivity loss in mild to moderate COPD: lessons learned from the CanCOLD study","volume":"50","author":"De Sousa Sena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqy012","article-title":"Systematic review: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and work-related outcomes","volume":"68","author":"Rai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Occup Med (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2016-104014","article-title":"Factors associated with work productivity among people with COPD: Birmingham COPD cohort","volume":"74","author":"Rai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib22","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluation of the economic and social burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)","author":"Tachkov","year":"2017","journal-title":"BiotechBiotech Equip"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S29280","article-title":"The burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among employed adults","volume":"7","author":"daCosta DiBonaventura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01129-2024","article-title":"Exploring the patient perspective in pulmonary hypertension","volume":"64","author":"Ford","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00005713","article-title":"Understanding the impact of pulmonary arterial hypertension on patients\u2019 and carers\u2019 lives","volume":"22","author":"Guillevin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.781532","article-title":"Impact of pulmonary arterial hypertension on employment, work productivity, and quality of life - results of a cross-sectional multi-center study","volume":"12","author":"Fuge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib27","first-page":"144","article-title":"Predictors of return to work and employment in cancer survivors: a systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Van Muijen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Care (Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.08.040","article-title":"Unemployment transitions and self-rated health in Europe: a longitudinal analysis of EU-SILC from 2008 to 2011","volume":"143","author":"T\u00f8ge","year":"2015","journal-title":"Social Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2022-219891","article-title":"Inequalities in the impact of having a chronic disease on entering permanent paid employment: a registry-based 10-year follow-up study","volume":"77","author":"Van de Ven","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-021742","article-title":"Influence of significant others on work participation of individuals with chronic diseases: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Snippen","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cky067","article-title":"Influence of social support among employees on mental health and work ability\u2014a prospective cohort study in 2013\u201315","volume":"28","author":"Peters","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2012.01.007","article-title":"Returning to work after a stroke: a retrospective study at the Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Center La Tour de Gassies","volume":"55","author":"Doucet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170525","article-title":"Chronic multimorbidity impairs role functioning in middle-aged and older individuals mostly when non-partnered or living alone","volume":"12","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-73272-4","article-title":"Association of social isolation and depressive symptoms with workplace productivity loss in a multi-ethnic Asian study","volume":"14","author":"Ha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.12965\/jer.1632708.354","article-title":"Caregiver\u2019s burden in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a clinical review","volume":"12","author":"Verma","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Exerc Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"00218","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00218-2018","article-title":"Everyday life experiences of spouses of patients who suffer from pulmonary arterial hypertension or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension","volume":"5","author":"Ivarsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2024.117375","article-title":"Absenteeism and presenteeism among caregivers of chronic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"363","author":"Das","year":"2024","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2009.00542.x","article-title":"Construct validity of the work productivity and activity impairment questionnaire across informal caregivers of chronically ill older patients","volume":"12","author":"Giovannetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4214","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16214214","article-title":"The spillover effects of spousal chronic diseases on married couples\u2019 labour supply: evidence from China","volume":"16","author":"Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02311-2021","article-title":"COMPERA 2.0: a refined four-stratum risk assessment model for pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"60","author":"Hoeper","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01552-2021","article-title":"Mortality trends in pulmonary arterial hypertension in Canada: a temporal analysis of survival per ESC\/ERS guideline era","volume":"59","author":"Zelt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.15-0300","article-title":"Five-year outcomes of patients enrolled in the REVEAL Registry","volume":"148","author":"Farber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00057010","article-title":"Survival in incident and prevalent cohorts of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"36","author":"Humbert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"}],"container-title":["CJC Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589790X26001484?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589790X26001484?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T01:35:05Z","timestamp":1786412105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589790X26001484"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589790X26001484"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-790X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Socioeconomic Burden of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Patients and Caregivers: A Canadian Cross-Sectional Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CJC Open","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjco.2026.04.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}