{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T06:36:53Z","timestamp":1791095813791,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012651","name":"Fondation Institut de Cardiologie de Montr\u00e9al","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012651","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000156","name":"Sant\u00e9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cjcpc.ca","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJC Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T23:31:28Z","timestamp":1756164688000},"page":"93-103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Mapping the Biopsychosocial and Lifestyle Portrait of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: A Comparative Study Across Sex and Age"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Cylia","family":"Houchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Jo\u00eblle","family":"Marcil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Khairy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Rivard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Pierre","family":"Dub\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Alexandre","family":"Chaix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois-Pierre","family":"Mongeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Dore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blandine","family":"Mond\u00e9sert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reda","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2602-7987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith","family":"Brouillette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.166","article-title":"The changing epidemiology of congenital heart disease","volume":"8","author":"van der Bom","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.946343","article-title":"Temporal trends in survival to adulthood among patients born with congenital heart disease from 1970 to 1992 in Belgium","volume":"122","author":"Moons","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.5.469","article-title":"Emerging adulthood. A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties","volume":"55","author":"Arnett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.08.025","article-title":"Biopsychosocial experiences of adults with congenital heart disease: review of the literature","volume":"150","author":"Kovacs","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/HCQ.0000000000000110","article-title":"Psychological outcomes and interventions for individuals with congenital heart disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"15","author":"Kovacs","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.043","article-title":"Anxiety and depression in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"83","author":"Kovacs","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.031117","article-title":"Impact of mental health treatment on outcomes in patients with heart failure and ischemic heart disease","volume":"13","author":"Carmin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmab031","article-title":"Evidence for depression and anxiety as risk factors for heart disease and stroke: implications for primary care","volume":"38","author":"Ryder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02524-9","article-title":"A healthy lifestyle is positively associated with mental health and well-being and core markers in ageing","volume":"20","author":"Hautekiet","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib11","author":"Yeh"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2019.0187","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome in adult congenital heart disease","volume":"49","author":"Niwa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean Circ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E243","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12282","article-title":"Associations among depression symptoms with alcohol and smoking tobacco use in adult patients with congenital heart disease","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Congenit Heart Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_314_19","article-title":"Biopsychosocial model in contemporary psychiatry: current validity and future prospects","volume":"41","author":"Tripathi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1126\/science.847460","article-title":"The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine","volume":"196","author":"Engel","year":"1977","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.627224","article-title":"Congenital heart disease in the general population: changing prevalence and age distribution","volume":"115","author":"Marelli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-10-98","article-title":"A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport","volume":"10","author":"Eime","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2023.100425","article-title":"The influence of illness perception and coping on anxiety in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"2","author":"Marcil","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(01)00296-3","article-title":"The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: an updated literature review","volume":"52","author":"Bjelland","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib28","first-page":"1362","article-title":"Generalized anxiety disorder and health care use","volume":"51","author":"B\u00e9langer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.06.072","article-title":"Illness perceptions in adult congenital heart disease: a multi-center international study","volume":"244","author":"Rassart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711002674","article-title":"Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5","volume":"42","author":"Krueger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.10.029","article-title":"A psychometric evaluation of the French Canadian version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in a large primary care population","volume":"147","author":"Roberge","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2007.01.008","article-title":"Sensibilit\u00e9 et sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 du questionnaire sur les inqui\u00e9tudes et l\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 (QIA) dans un \u00e9chantillon d\u2019utilisateurs de soins de sant\u00e9 au Qu\u00e9bec","volume":"34","author":"Belleville","year":"2008","journal-title":"L\u2019Enc\u00e9phale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3669","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht433","article-title":"Physical activity in adolescents and adults with congenital heart defects: individualized exercise prescription","volume":"34","author":"Budts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib34","first-page":"197","article-title":"Congenital heart disease hospitalizations in Canada: a 10-year experience","volume":"32","author":"Islam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2014.57.6.257","article-title":"Psychosocial adjustment and quality of life of adolescents and adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"57","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.029847","article-title":"Resilient hearts: measuring resiliency in young people with congenital heart disease","volume":"12","author":"Glenn","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib37","first-page":"e698","article-title":"2018 AHA\/ACC guideline for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"139","author":"Stout","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.109762","article-title":"Differential impact of physical activity type on depression in adults with congenital heart disease: a multi-center international study","volume":"124","author":"Ko","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2013.02.004","article-title":"Key issues of daily life in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"106","author":"Ladouceur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr461","article-title":"Reference values for exercise limitations among adults with congenital heart disease. Relation to activities of daily life\u2014single centre experience and review of published data","volume":"33","author":"Kempny","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-021-00239-5","article-title":"Smoking among adult congenital heart disease survivors in the United States: Prevalence and relationship with illness perceptions","volume":"44","author":"Fox","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib46","author":"Khan"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02667-3","article-title":"Delayed diagnosis in children with congenital heart disease: a mixed-method study","volume":"21","author":"Murni","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2005.044495","article-title":"Delayed recognition of congenital heart disease","volume":"82","author":"Massin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib49","author":"Jackson"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2017.05.030","article-title":"Re-evaluating the effect of age on physical activity over the lifespan","volume":"101","author":"Varma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1429-7","article-title":"Motives for adult participation in physical activity: type of activity, age, and gender","volume":"15","author":"Molanorouzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib53","first-page":"1842","article-title":"Prevalence and effects of cigarette smoking, cannabis consumption, and co-use in adults from 15 countries with congenital heart disease","volume":"35","author":"Moons","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.08.015","article-title":"Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: new concepts are needed to study research participation effects","volume":"67","author":"McCambridge","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2020.08.014","article-title":"Trends in anxiety among adults in the United States, 2008\u20132018: rapid increases among young adults","volume":"130","author":"Goodwin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.12.055","article-title":"Global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in cardiac patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"324","author":"Karami","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elston DM. Survivorship bias [e-pub ahead of print]. J Am Acad Dermatol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.06.845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.06.845"}],"container-title":["CJC Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2772812925001101?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2772812925001101?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T15:26:56Z","timestamp":1776785216000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2772812925001101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S2772812925001101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["2772-8129"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2772-8129","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mapping the Biopsychosocial and Lifestyle Portrait of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: A Comparative Study Across Sex and Age","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"CJC Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjcpc.2025.08.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}