{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T06:35:19Z","timestamp":1780468519427,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contact Lens and Anterior Eye"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]],"date-time":"2005-11-22T12:31:26Z","timestamp":1132662686000},"page":"185-192","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["An evaluation of corneal nerve morphology and function in moderate keratoconus"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Luisa","family":"Simo Mannion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy","family":"Tromans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"O\u2019Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(84)90094-8","article-title":"Keratoconus and related noninflammatory corneal thinning disorders","volume":"28","author":"Krachmer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(03)00148-9","article-title":"Involvement of corneal nerves in the progression of keratoconus","volume":"77","author":"Brookes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.2001.1157","article-title":"Cellular incursion into Bowman's membrane in the peripheral cone of the keratoconic cornea","volume":"74","author":"Sherwin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(63)91645-3","article-title":"Electron microscope study of the pathology of keratoconus: I","author":"Teng","year":"1963","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib5","first-page":"518","article-title":"Confocal in vivo microscopy and confocal laser-scanning fluorescence microscopy in keratoconus","author":"Somodi","year":"1997","journal-title":"German J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000151548.46231.27","article-title":"Correlation of the appearance of the keratoconic cornea in vivo by confocal microscopy and in vitro by light microscopy","volume":"24","author":"Hollingsworth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000141231.03225.d8","article-title":"Observations of banding patterns (Vogt striae) in keratoconus. A confocal microscopy study","volume":"24","author":"Hollingsworth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(96)00027-4","article-title":"Neurobiology of ocular pain","volume":"16","author":"Belmonte","year":"1997","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2003.09.023","article-title":"Neural basis of sensation in intact and injured corneas","volume":"78","author":"Belmonte","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib10","first-page":"461","article-title":"Sensory and sympathetic innervation of the mammalian cornea","volume":"30","author":"Marfurt","year":"1989","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01473.x","article-title":"Sensitivity and fragility in keratoconus","volume":"61","author":"Millodot","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2005.00278.x","article-title":"In vivo corneal confocal microscopy in keratoconus","volume":"25","author":"Hollingsworth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthal Physiol Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199603000-00006","article-title":"Biomicroscopic signs and disease severity in keratoconus","volume":"15","author":"Zadnik","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(97)00119-7","article-title":"Keratoconus","volume":"42","author":"Rabinowitz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.2003.00106.x","article-title":"Morphology of corneal nerves in soft contact lens wear. A comparative study using confocal microscopy","volume":"23","author":"Oliveira-Soto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthal Physiol Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-9071.2002.00507.x","article-title":"Assessing the sub-basal nerve plexus of the living healthy human cornea by in vivo confocal microscopy","volume":"30","author":"Grupcheva","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-003-1086-8","article-title":"Corneal confocal microscopy: a non-invasive surrogate of nerve fibre damage and repair in diabetic patients","volume":"46","author":"Malik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1988.tb04000.x","article-title":"Corneal elasticity and ocular rigidity in normal and keratoconic eyes","volume":"66","author":"Edmund","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)00133-9","article-title":"Characterization of epithelial downgrowth by confocal microscopy","volume":"25","author":"Chiou","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Cat Ref Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib20","first-page":"476","article-title":"Ultrastructural organization of human corneal nerves","volume":"37","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1987.tb07038.x","article-title":"Assessment of an elastic model in the pathogenesis of keratoconus","volume":"65","author":"Edmund","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib22","first-page":"1","article-title":"Corneal topography and elasticity in normal and keratoconic eyes","volume":"Suppl. 193","author":"Edmund","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(98)00028-7","article-title":"Confocal microscopy of the cornea","volume":"18","author":"B\u00f6hnke","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3030","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0251","article-title":"An in vivo confocal masked study on corneal epithelium and sub-basal nerves in patients with dry eye","volume":"45","author":"Ben\u00edtez del Castillo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-9071.2003.00607.x","article-title":"Assessing the cornea by in vivo confocal microscopy: author reply","volume":"31","author":"Grupcheva","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-9071.2003.00606.x","article-title":"Assessing the cornea by in vivo confocal microscopy. Letters to the Editor","volume":"31","author":"Oliveira-Soto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib27","first-page":"393","article-title":"Effect of myopic LASIK on corneal sensitivity and morphology of sub-basal nerves","volume":"41","author":"Linna","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib28","first-page":"2915","article-title":"Corneal structure and sensitivity in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"41","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib29","first-page":"369","article-title":"Corneal stromal changes induced by myopic LASIK","volume":"41","author":"Vesaluoma","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.1984.tb00372.x","article-title":"A review of research on the sensitivity of the cornea","volume":"4","author":"Millodot","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ophthal Physiol Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/S0275-5408(98)00021-0","article-title":"Reliability of the Non-Contact Corneal Aesthesiometer and its comparison with the Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer","volume":"18","author":"Murphy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthal Physiol Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib32","first-page":"2537","article-title":"Baseline findings in the Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus (CLEK) study","volume":"39","author":"Zadnik","year":"1998","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199809000-00004","article-title":"Topographic pattern and apex location of keratoconus on elevation topography maps","volume":"17","author":"Demirbas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(89)90001-9","article-title":"Corneal topography of early keratoconus","volume":"108","author":"Maguire","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-198001000-00005","article-title":"Position of the corneal apex in keratoconus","volume":"57","author":"Tomlinson","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Optom Physiol Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005_bib36","first-page":"995","article-title":"Confocal microscopy in vivo in corneas of long-term contact lens wearers","volume":"43","author":"Patel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"}],"container-title":["Contact Lens and Anterior Eye"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1367048405000834?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1367048405000834?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,20]],"date-time":"2019-01-20T22:22:02Z","timestamp":1548022922000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1367048405000834"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1367048405000834"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clae.2005.10.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1367-0484"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1367-0484","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}}}