{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:08:49Z","timestamp":1787738929005,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","contactlensjournal.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Contact Lens and Anterior Eye"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,11]],"date-time":"2017-05-11T12:50:14Z","timestamp":1494507014000},"page":"200-207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Modern scleral lenses: Mini versus large"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Daddi","family":"Fadel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0005","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.sclerallens.org\/sites\/default\/files\/files\/SLS_Nomenclature_LtrHead06_26_2013.pdf. (Access 13 march 2017)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2014.02.002","article-title":"Modern scleral contact lenses: a review","volume":"37","author":"van der Worp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0015","series-title":"A Guide to Scleral Lens Fitting, Version 2.0 [monograph online]","author":"van der Worp","year":"2015"},{"issue":"April","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0020","article-title":"Putting scleral lenses front and center","author":"Barnett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. Cornea Cont. Lens"},{"issue":"October","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0025","first-page":"40","article-title":"The developing role of scleral lenses in today\u2019s society","volume":"28","author":"Barnett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0030","first-page":"40","article-title":"The importance of scleral shape","volume":"31","author":"Morrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Spectr."},{"issue":"June","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0035","first-page":"30","article-title":"Sclerals for normal corneas. Beyond irregular: scleral lenses for everyday use","volume":"30","author":"Michaud","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Spectr."},{"issue":"November","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0040","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of large diameter rigid-gas permeable versus soft toric contact lenses for the correction of refractive astigmatism. A multicenter study","author":"Michaud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eye Cont. Lens: Sci. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0045","series-title":"Tecnica e Clinica della Visione","article-title":"Optometria A - Z. Dizionario di Scienza","author":"Lupelli","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0050","series-title":"Clinical Ocular Anatomy and Physiology","author":"Bergmanson","year":"2010"},{"issue":"October","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0055","first-page":"26","article-title":"Scleral contact lenses: indications and current clinical methods","author":"Pullum","year":"2006","journal-title":"Optometry Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0060","series-title":"Scientific Poster Presented at the Global Specialty Lens Symposium","article-title":"Scleral shape and asymmetry as measured by OCT in 78 normal eyes","author":"Ritzmann","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0065","first-page":"1161","article-title":"Critical oxygen levels to avoid corneal oedema for daily and extended wear contact lenses","volume":"25","author":"Holden","year":"1984","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1097\/01.icl.0000182488.70745.1d","article-title":"A review of the Holden\u2013Mertz criteria for critical oxygen transmission","volume":"31","author":"Fonn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eye Cont. Lens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199910000-00023","article-title":"Re-evaluation of the oxygen diffusion model for predicting minimum contact lens Dk\/t values needed to avoid corneal anoxia","volume":"76","author":"Harvitt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1998.0504","article-title":"On the relationship between soft contact lens oxygen transmissibility and induced limbal hyperaemia","volume":"67","author":"Papas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31522","article-title":"Central and peripheral oxygen transmissibility thresholds to avoid corneal swelling","volume":"92","author":"Morgan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B: Appl. Biomater."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.1998.tb06630.x","article-title":"The critical Dk\/L to avoid oedema for daily wear RGP contact lenses","volume":"81","author":"Swarbrick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Optom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-196903000-00009","article-title":"Oxygen requirements of corneal contact lens systems","volume":"46","author":"Cuklanz","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am. J. Optom. Arch. Am. Acad. Optom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-197001000-00009","article-title":"Oxygen tension under a contact lens during blinking\u2014a comparison of theory and experimental observation","volume":"47","author":"Fatt","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am. J. Optom. Arch. Am. Acad. Optom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e31829e8faa","article-title":"Wearing time as a measure of success of scleral lenses for patients with irregular astigmatism","volume":"39","author":"Ortenberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eye Cont. Lens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2014.08.002","article-title":"Corneal changes following short-term miniscleral contact lens wear","volume":"37","author":"Vincent","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Anterior Eye"},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2014.11.064","article-title":"Changes in corneal thickness by miniscleral contact lenses","volume":"38","author":"Frisani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2015.03.006","article-title":"Scleral lens influence on corneal curvature and pachymetry in keratoconus patients","volume":"38","author":"Soeters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000803","article-title":"Hypoxic corneal changes following eight hours of scleral contact lens wear","volume":"93","author":"Vincent","year":"2016","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0130","article-title":"Influence of apical clearance on mini-scleral lens settling, clinical performance, and corneal thickness changes","author":"Esen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eye Cont. Lens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6421","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14038","article-title":"Oxygen diffusion and edema with modern scleral rigid gas permeable contact lenses","volume":"55","author":"Compa\u00f1","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2012.07.004","article-title":"Predicting estimates of oxygen transmissibility for scleral lenses","volume":"35","author":"Michaud","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2014.09.008","article-title":"Predicting scleral GP lens entrapped tear layer oxygen tensions","volume":"38","author":"Jaynes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Anterior Eye"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000988","article-title":"Modeling corneal oxygen with scleral gas permeable lens wear","volume":"93","author":"Compa\u00f1","year":"2016","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"April","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0155","first-page":"12","article-title":"Scleral lens fitting: once rare, now routine","author":"Michaud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Cornea Contact Lens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0160","series-title":"Contact Lenses","article-title":"Extended- and continuous-wear lenses","author":"Sweeney","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2015.03.007","article-title":"Scleral contact lenses and hypoxia. Theory versus practice","volume":"38","author":"Bergamnson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0170","series-title":"Contact Lens Practice","first-page":"47","article-title":"Oxygen transport through contact lenses","author":"Benjamin","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2013.11.001","article-title":"Scleral contact lenses for visual rehabilitation after penetrating keratoplasty: long term outcomes","volume":"37","author":"Severinsky","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Anterior Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clae.2015.08.003","article-title":"Complications and fitting challenges associated with scleral lenses: a review","volume":"39","author":"Walker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Anterior Eye"},{"issue":"January","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0185","first-page":"46","article-title":"The scleral lens vault: scleral lenses and the limbus","volume":"30","author":"DeNaeyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/229560a0","article-title":"Role of the pericorneal papillary structure in renewal of corneal epithelium","volume":"229","author":"Davanger","year":"1971","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"December","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0195","article-title":"Scleral lenses, clearing the fog","author":"Walker","year":"2014","journal-title":"ISITE Online J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0200","series-title":"Presented at the Global Specialty Lens Symposium","article-title":"Managing corneal-scleral lenses and scleral lenses complications","author":"Caroline","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0205","series-title":"Poster Presented at Global Specialty Lens Symposium","article-title":"Clinical analysis of scleral lenses on normal corneas","author":"Ramdass","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0210","series-title":"Clinical Manual of Contact Lenses","first-page":"508","article-title":"Postsurgical contact lens fitting","author":"De Paolis","year":"2009"},{"issue":"October","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0215","first-page":"30","article-title":"Scleral contact lens fitting guide","volume":"3","author":"Jedlicka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cont. Lens Spectr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181852788","article-title":"Conjunctival and corneal hyperesthesia in subjects with dryness symptoms","volume":"85","author":"Situ","year":"2008","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0225","first-page":"33","article-title":"10 tips for smarter scleral lens fitting","author":"Barnett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev. Cornea Cont. Lens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e318166394d","article-title":"A novel method of fitting scleral lenses using high resolution optical coherence tomography","volume":"3","author":"Gemoules","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eye Con. Lens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000214297.38421.15","article-title":"Advantages of toric scleral lenses","volume":"4","author":"Visser","year":"2006","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000018","article-title":"Medical applications and outcomes of bitangential scleral lenses","volume":"90","author":"Visser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0245","unstructured":"M.M. Schornack, Toric haptics in scleral lens design: a case series, In: Poster Presented at Global Specialty Lens Symposium, Las Vegas, January 2013."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0250","first-page":"136","article-title":"Unique hard scleral lens post-LASIK ectasia fitting","volume":"73","author":"Mahadevan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-7037(83)80064-0","article-title":"Gas permeable haptic lenses","volume":"6","author":"Ezekiel","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Br. Cont. Lens Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0260","series-title":"Contact Lenses","first-page":"333","article-title":"Scleral contact lenses","author":"Pullum","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-1549(02)00067-6","article-title":"The Boston scleral lens in the management of severe ocular surface disease","volume":"16","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmol. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/01.icl.0000233217.68379.d5","article-title":"Modern scleral lenses, part I: clinical features","volume":"1","author":"Visser","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eye Cont. Lens"}],"container-title":["Contact Lens and Anterior Eye"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S136704841730142X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S136704841730142X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T01:51:26Z","timestamp":1719193886000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S136704841730142X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S136704841730142X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1367-0484"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1367-0484","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Modern scleral lenses: Mini versus large","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Contact Lens and Anterior Eye","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clae.2017.04.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 British Contact Lens Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}