{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T23:05:45Z","timestamp":1765667145183},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","liver.theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Liver Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,21]],"date-time":"2015-10-21T06:05:29Z","timestamp":1445407529000},"page":"33-46","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Making Sense of Autoantibodies in Cholestatic Liver Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Simona","family":"Marzorati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Invernizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Lleo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.04.009","article-title":"ASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of cholestatic liver diseases","volume":"51","author":"European Association for the Study of the Liver","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199810223391707","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis of cholestasis","volume":"339","author":"Trauner","year":"1998","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.02.023","article-title":"New paradigms in the treatment of hepatic cholestasis: from UDCA to FXR, PXR and beyond","volume":"62","author":"Beuers","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1155\/2000\/989486","article-title":"Update on primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"14","author":"Heathcote","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.2001.00765.x","article-title":"Immunopathogenesis of cholestatic autoimmune liver diseases","volume":"31","author":"Medina","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350170111","article-title":"The follow-up of asymptomatic persons with antibodies to pyruvate dehydrogenase in adult population samples","volume":"36","author":"Kisand","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)00040-4","article-title":"Autoantibodies against nuclear pore complexes are associated with more active and severe liver disease in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"34","author":"Invernizzi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"9904","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60096-3","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"382","author":"Hirschfield","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.3781","article-title":"Autoantibodies in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"14","author":"Hov","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-020712-164014","article-title":"The immunobiology and pathophysiology of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"8","author":"Hirschfield","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3525","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.10.3525","article-title":"Identification and specificity of a cDNA encoding the 70 kd mitochondrial antigen recognized in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"138","author":"Gershwin","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20010956","article-title":"Identification of HLA-A2-restricted CD8(+) cytotoxic T cell responses in primary biliary cirrhosis: T cell activation is augmented by immune complexes cross-presented by dendritic cells","volume":"195","author":"Kita","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI4213","article-title":"Identification and precursor frequency analysis of a common T cell epitope motif in mitochondrial autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"102","author":"Shimoda","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22736","article-title":"Apotopes and the biliary specificity of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"49","author":"Lleo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"7390","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(65)91372-3","article-title":"Serological tests in diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"1","author":"Walker","year":"1965","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1586\/egh.12.58","article-title":"Serum autoantibodies for the diagnosis and management of autoimmune liver diseases","volume":"6","author":"Achenza","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21583","article-title":"A\u00a0sensitive bead assay for antimitochondrial antibodies: chipping away at AMA-negative primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"45","author":"Oertelt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250507","article-title":"Comparison of the clinical features and clinical course of antimitochondrial antibody-positive and -negative primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Invernizzi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3350\/kjhep.2011.17.3.173","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Korean J Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-009-0164-5","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"31","author":"Hohenester","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250103","article-title":"Quantitative measurement of autoantibodies to recombinant mitochondrial antigens in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: relationship of levels of autoantibodies to disease progression","volume":"25","author":"Van Norstrand","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/791310","article-title":"Infection as a risk factor in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis: pros and cons","volume":"29","author":"Kumagi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349476","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/349476","article-title":"Can the TLR-4-mediated signaling pathway be \u201ca key inflammatory promoter for sporadic TAA\u201d?","volume":"2014","author":"Ruvolo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2956","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.5.2956","article-title":"Immunoreactivity of organic mimeotopes of the E2 component of pyruvate dehydrogenase: connecting xenobiotics with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"167","author":"Long","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23783","article-title":"Biliary apotopes and anti-mitochondrial antibodies activate innate immune responses in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"52","author":"Lleo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60836-6","article-title":"Autoantibodies to nuclear antigens (ANA): their immunobiology and medicine","volume":"33","author":"Tan","year":"1982","journal-title":"Adv Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.5858\/2000-124-0071-GFCUOT","article-title":"Guidelines for clinical use of the antinuclear antibody test and tests for specific autoantibodies to nuclear antigens. American College of Pathologists","volume":"124","author":"Kavanaugh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.2002.0622","article-title":"Autoantibodies to the transcriptional factor SOX13 in primary biliary cirrhosis compared with other diseases","volume":"19","author":"Fida","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/82.1.57","article-title":"Standardization of the immunofluorescence test for autoantibody to nuclear antigens (ANA): use of reference sera of defined antibody specificity","volume":"82","author":"Molden","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"9377","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13808-1","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"362","author":"Talwalkar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.075002","article-title":"Clinical features and prognosis of primary biliary cirrhosis associated with systemic sclerosis","volume":"55","author":"Rigamonti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07257.x","article-title":"Characterization and clinical impact of antinuclear antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"98","author":"Muratori","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1995.tb01597.x","article-title":"High prevalence of antibodies to recombinant CENP-B in primary biliary cirrhosis: nuclear immunofluorescence patterns and ELISA reactivities","volume":"10","author":"Parveen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(94)95333-3","article-title":"Autoantibodies against integral membrane proteins of the nuclear envelope in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"106","author":"Nickowitz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230512","article-title":"Specificity and sensitivity of gp210 autoantibodies detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a synthetic polypeptide in the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"23","author":"Bandin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21172","article-title":"Correlation of initial autoantibody profile and clinical outcome in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"43","author":"Wesierska-Gadek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib37","first-page":"222","article-title":"The importance of autoantibody detection in autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"6","author":"Cancado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-010-8234-y","article-title":"Overcoming a \u201cprobable\u201d diagnosis in antimitochondrial antibody negative primary biliary cirrhosis: study of 100 sera and review of the literature","volume":"42","author":"Bizzaro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.21.10.870","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis: a review of its clinical features, cholangiography, and hepatic histology","volume":"21","author":"Chapman","year":"1980","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldv019","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis: a clinical update","volume":"114","author":"Williamson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2003.03308.x","article-title":"Role of transfusion-transmitted virus in acute viral hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure of unknown etiology","volume":"19","author":"Das","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-102-5-581","article-title":"Pericholangitis in chronic ulcerative colitis: primary sclerosing cholangitis of the small bile ducts?","volume":"102","author":"Wee","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041035","article-title":"Hepatic endothelial CCL25 mediates the recruitment of CCR9+ gut-homing lymphocytes to the liver in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"200","author":"Eksteen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.11.029","article-title":"Genetic associations in Italian primary sclerosing cholangitis: heterogeneity across Europe defines a critical role for HLA-C","volume":"52","author":"Hov","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(94)95271-X","article-title":"Autoantibodies in sclerosing cholangitis against a shared peptide in biliary and colon epithelium","volume":"106","author":"Mandal","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.51.1.120","article-title":"High frequency of autoantibodies in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis that bind biliary epithelial cells and induce expression of CD44 and production of interleukin 6","volume":"51","author":"Xu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.139.1.77","article-title":"The production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to a human colonic antigen associated with ulcerative colitis: cellular localization of the antigen by using the monoclonal antibody","volume":"139","author":"Das","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2012.07.008","article-title":"Antineutrophil cytoplasmic auto-antibodies (ANCA) in autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"37","author":"Deniziaut","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3374","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.3374","article-title":"Autoimmune liver serology: current diagnostic and clinical challenges","volume":"14","author":"Bogdanos","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/111.4.507","article-title":"International consensus statement on testing and reporting of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)","volume":"111","author":"Savige","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80241-X","article-title":"Clinical significance of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in autoimmune liver diseases","volume":"32","author":"Roozendaal","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(98)00294-0","article-title":"Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in primary sclerosing cholangitis: defined specificities may be associated with distinct clinical features","volume":"105","author":"Roozendaal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1994.tb01214.x","article-title":"Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody: a prognostic indicator in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"9","author":"Pokorny","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80604-X","article-title":"A\u00a02-year follow-up study of anti-neutrophil antibody in primary sclerosing cholangitis: relationship to clinical activity, liver biochemistry and ursodeoxycholic acid treatment","volume":"21","author":"Lo","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80061-6","article-title":"Serum autoantibodies in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"32","author":"Angulo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3616","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i29.3616","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: what do autoantibodies tell us?","volume":"16","author":"Hu","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12690","article-title":"Anti-kelch-like 12 and anti-hexokinase 1: novel autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"35","author":"Norman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib58","first-page":"137","article-title":"The prevalence of antinuclear antibodies in healthy young persons and adults, comparing rat liver tissue sections with HEp-2 cells as antigen substrate","volume":"12","author":"Forslid","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.08.002","article-title":"Liver autoimmune serology: a consensus statement from the committee for autoimmune serology of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group","volume":"41","author":"Vergani","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-916321","article-title":"Antinuclear antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Invernizzi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(02)00439-3","article-title":"Evaluation of newly developed ELISA using \u201cMESACUP-2 test mitochondrial M2\u201d kit for the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"36","author":"Kadokawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib62","first-page":"495","article-title":"Detection of Gp210 autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis using a recombinant protein containing the predominant autoepitope","volume":"21","author":"Tartakovsky","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1080\/15321819.2012.741088","article-title":"Detection of anti-SP100 antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis. Comparison of ELISA and immunofluorescence","volume":"34","author":"Bauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunoassay Immunochem"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2010.09.005","article-title":"PBC screen: an IgG\/IgA dual isotype ELISA detecting multiple mitochondrial and nuclear autoantibodies specific for primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-339-8_32","article-title":"Anticardiolipin antibody and anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I antibody assays","volume":"992","author":"Raby","year":"2013","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.5387\/fms.58.107","article-title":"Autoantibodies by line immunoassay in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"58","author":"Saito","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fukushima J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2014.08.024","article-title":"Autoantibody profiling of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis using a multiplexed line-blot assay","volume":"438","author":"Villalta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112877","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112877","article-title":"PR3-ANCA: a promising biomarker in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)","volume":"9","author":"Stinton","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2004.09.019","article-title":"The Western immunoblotting pattern of anti-mitochondrial antibodies is independent of the clinical expression of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"37","author":"Muratori","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M111.015529","article-title":"Identification of new autoantigens for primary biliary cirrhosis using human proteome microarrays","volume":"11","author":"Hu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Cell Proteomics"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201400342","article-title":"Serological comparative proteomics analysis of mitochondrial autoantibody-negative and -positive primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"36","author":"Deng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2015-0083","article-title":"Second generation analysis of antinuclear antibody (ANA) by combination of screening and confirmatory testing","author":"Scholz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.21009","article-title":"Multiplex assessment of non-organ-specific autoantibodies with a novel microbead-based immunoassay","volume":"79","author":"Grossmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.02.022","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with altered hepatic microRNA expression","volume":"32","author":"Padgett","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.627","article-title":"Genome-wide meta-analyses identify three loci associated with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"42","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"J207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.12.006","article-title":"Epigenetics and autoimmunity","volume":"34","author":"Brooks","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02332.x","article-title":"\u2018True\u2019 antimitochondrial antibody-negative primary biliary cirrhosis, low sensitivity of the routine assays, or both?","volume":"135","author":"Muratori","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2013-0926","article-title":"The accuracy of the anti-mitochondrial antibody and the M2 subtype test for diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis: a meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2002.02700.x","article-title":"Automated enzymatic mitochondrial antibody assay for the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis: applications of a routine diagnostic tool for the detection of antimitochondrial antibodies","volume":"17","author":"Hazama","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350170151","article-title":"High sensitivity of a novel ELISA for anti-M2 in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"36","author":"Miyakawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-007-9092-0","article-title":"Diagnostic relevance and clinical significance of the new enhanced performance M2 (MIT3) ELISA for the detection of IgA and IgG antimitochondrial antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"27","author":"Gabeta","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib82","first-page":"121","article-title":"Determination of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in the sera of patients with liver diseases","volume":"26","author":"Koga","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1994.tb01813.x","article-title":"Detection and characterization of antibodies to bacterial heat-shock protein 60 in sera of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"38","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib84","first-page":"103","article-title":"Autoreactivity to hepatocellular antigens in primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"30","author":"Bedlow","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Lab Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1998.00262.x","article-title":"A\u00a0novel antibody directed against a three-dimensional configuration of a 95-kDa protein in patients with autoimmune hepatic diseases","volume":"47","author":"Miyachi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02456.x","article-title":"Autoantibodies from primary biliary cirrhosis patients with anti-p95c antibodies bind to recombinant p97\/VCP and inhibit in\u00a0vitro nuclear envelope assembly","volume":"136","author":"Miyachi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2006.01747.x","article-title":"Anti-p97\/VCP antibodies: an autoantibody marker for a subset of primary biliary cirrhosis patients with milder disease?","volume":"63","author":"Miyachi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.08.009","article-title":"A\u00a0comprehensive evaluation of serum autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"34","author":"Agmon-Levin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.01.002","article-title":"Presence of high avidity anticardiolipin antibodies in patients with autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases","volume":"119","author":"Zachou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-008-9211-6","article-title":"IgA anti-b2GPI antibodies in patients with autoimmune liver diseases","volume":"28","author":"Gabeta","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.5387\/fms.53.95","article-title":"Breakthrough of immune self-tolerance to calreticulin induced by CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides as adjuvant","volume":"53","author":"Abe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fukushima J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-2-5","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune cholangitis are not associated with coeliac disease in Crete","volume":"2","author":"Chatzicostas","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2001.01524.x","article-title":"Antilactoferrin antibodies in autoimmune liver disease","volume":"124","author":"Muratori","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346432","article-title":"Prevalence of interrelated autoantibodies in thyroid diseases and autoimmune disorders","volume":"31","author":"Nakamura","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6346(00)00128-5","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis with antibody against carbonic anhydrase II associates with distinct immunological backgrounds","volume":"20","author":"Ueno","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80251-6","article-title":"Identification of an autoantibody against alpha-enolase in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"26","author":"Akisawa","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1021\/pr700861s","article-title":"Autoantibody profiling of Chinese patients with autoimmune hepatitis using immunoproteomic analysis","volume":"7","author":"Xia","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Proteome Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022501102877","article-title":"Identification of beta-subunit of bacterial RNA-polymerase\u2013a non-species-specific bacterial protein\u2013as target of antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"48","author":"Roesler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Liver Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1089326115000756?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1089326115000756?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]],"date-time":"2023-08-15T14:44:53Z","timestamp":1692110693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1089326115000756"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1089326115000756"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-3261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-3261","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Making Sense of Autoantibodies in Cholestatic Liver Diseases","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Liver Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}