{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T13:27:20Z","timestamp":1762522040859},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","liver.theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Liver Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,25]],"date-time":"2017-07-25T16:45:47Z","timestamp":1501001147000},"page":"725-737","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Andrea A.","family":"Gossard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Gores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1586\/egh.12.80","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis: a review and update on therapeutic developments","volume":"7","author":"Tabibian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-933560","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis: epidemiology, natural history, and prognosis","volume":"26","author":"Levy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"9904","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60096-3","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"382","author":"Hirschfield","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.112","article-title":"ACG clinical guideline: primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"110","author":"Lindor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastro.2003.07.011","article-title":"Incidence, clinical spectrum, and outcomes of primary sclerosing cholangitis in a United States community","volume":"125","author":"Bambha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23678","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in a defined adult population in Sweden","volume":"52","author":"Lindkvist","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.10.025","article-title":"Epidemiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis: a systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Boonstra","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24247","article-title":"Incidence of primary sclerosing cholangitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Molodecky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23294","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"51","author":"Chapman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00872.x","article-title":"Characterization, outcome, and prognosis in 273 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: a single center study","volume":"102","author":"Tischendorf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01103.x","article-title":"The burden of large and small duct primary sclerosing cholangitis in adults and children: a population-based analysis","volume":"102","author":"Kaplan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1053\/bega.2001.0209","article-title":"Anti-neutrophil antibodies in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"15","author":"Terjung","year":"2001","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13238","article-title":"Antineutrophil antibodies define clinical and genetic subgroups in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"37","author":"Hov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.149.1.6412283","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis: findings on cholangiography and pancreatography","volume":"149","author":"MacCarty","year":"1983","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00251-3","article-title":"Development of dominant bile duct stenoses in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis treated with ursodeoxycholic acid: outcome after endoscopic treatment","volume":"36","author":"Stiehl","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.1097","article-title":"Endoscopic transpapillary brush cytology and forceps biopsy in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"14","author":"Weber","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.33202","article-title":"Small-duct primary sclerosing cholangitis: a long-term follow-up study","volume":"35","author":"Angulo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.51.5.731","article-title":"Patients with small duct primary sclerosing cholangitis have a favourable long term prognosis","volume":"51","author":"Bjornsson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.01.042","article-title":"The natural history of small-duct primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"134","author":"Bjornsson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50289","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis in children: a long-term follow-up study","volume":"38","author":"Feldstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80004-5","article-title":"Overlap of autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis: an evaluation of a modified scoring system","volume":"33","author":"Kaya","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05585.x","article-title":"Management of primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"97","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2009.00527.x","article-title":"Ursodeoxycholic acid in primary sclerosing cholangitis: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"39","author":"Shi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04822.x","article-title":"Meta-analysis: ursodeoxycholic acid for primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"34","author":"Triantos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2010.12.008","article-title":"Alkaline phosphatase normalization is associated with better prognosis in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"43","author":"Stanich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.12.032","article-title":"Association between reduced levels of alkaline phosphatase and survival times of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"11","author":"Lindstrom","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib27","first-page":"2501","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"375","author":"Lazaridis","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27074","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of ursodeoxycholic acid withdrawal in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"60","author":"Wunsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-12-199912210-00006","article-title":"Combined therapy with azathioprine, prednisolone, and ursodiol in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. A case series","volume":"131","author":"Schramm","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.02323.x","article-title":"Oral budesonide in the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"95","author":"Angulo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02407.x","article-title":"Review article: current management of primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"21","author":"Cullen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31816fee95","article-title":"Long-term treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis in children with oral vancomycin: an immunomodulating antibiotic","volume":"47","author":"Davies","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.15403\/jgld.2014.1121.254.rah","article-title":"A\u00a0triple blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral vancomycin in primary sclerosing cholangitis: a pilot study","volume":"25","author":"Rahimpour","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Liver Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26565","article-title":"Population-based epidemiology, malignancy risk, and outcome of primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"58","author":"Boonstra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00288-4","article-title":"Hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"36","author":"Bergquist","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.05.035","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis as a premalignant biliary tract disease: surveillance and management","volume":"13","author":"Rizvi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80356-X","article-title":"Are patients with cirrhotic stage primary sclerosing cholangitis at risk for the development of hepatocellular cancer?","volume":"27","author":"Harnois","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2014.02.008","article-title":"Low risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis with cirrhosis","volume":"12","author":"Zenouzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24570","article-title":"Cancer surveillance in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"54","author":"Razumilava","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22441","article-title":"Utility of serum tumor markers, imaging, and biliary cytology for detecting cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"48","author":"Charatcharoenwitthaya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-005-2927-8","article-title":"The value of serum CA 19-9 in predicting cholangiocarcinomas in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"50","author":"Levy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21331","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis with equivocal cytology: fluorescence in\u00a0situ hybridization and serum CA 19-9 predict risk of malignancy","volume":"121","author":"Barr Fritcher","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Cytopathol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.30281.x","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of routine cytology and fluorescence in\u00a0situ hybridization for the detection of malignant bile duct strictures","volume":"99","author":"Kipp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23277","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of positive fluorescence in\u00a0situ hybridization tests in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"51","author":"Bangarulingam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.11.019","article-title":"Gallbladder disease in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"48","author":"Said","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05677.x","article-title":"In primary sclerosing cholangitis, gallbladder polyps are frequently malignant","volume":"97","author":"Buckles","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.361","article-title":"Likelihood of malignancy in gallbladder polyps and outcomes following cholecystectomy in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"107","author":"Eaton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2002.125367","article-title":"Increased risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Soetikno","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-015-0438-0","article-title":"Screening for malignancy in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)","volume":"17","author":"Khaderi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-933564","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis: the role of endoscopic therapy","volume":"26","author":"Stiehl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-006-0011-y","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis treated by endoscopic biliary dilation: review and long-term follow-up evaluation","volume":"8","author":"Johnson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03690.x","article-title":"Balloon dilation compared to stenting of dominant strictures in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"96","author":"Kaya","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(97)70123-8","article-title":"Lack of complications following short-term stent therapy for extrahepatic bile duct strictures in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"46","author":"van Milligen de Wit","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11110254","article-title":"Hepatic arterial injuries in 3110 patients following percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage","volume":"261","author":"Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-0443(92)72042-9","article-title":"Hemobilia after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage: treatment with transcatheter embolotherapy","volume":"3","author":"Savader","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W73","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.3925","article-title":"Incidence of cholangitis and sepsis associated with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drain cholangiography and exchange: a comparison between liver transplant and native liver patients","volume":"196","author":"Ginat","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(90)90101-I","article-title":"Advances in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"89","author":"Lindor","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000213286.65907.ea","article-title":"Liver transplantation in precirrhotic biliary tract disease: portal hypertension is frequently associated with nodular regenerative hyperplasia and obliterative portal venopathy","volume":"30","author":"Abraham","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20104","article-title":"Bone mineral density among cirrhotic patients awaiting liver transplantation","volume":"10","author":"Sokhi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"issue":"19\u201320","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-008-0594-z","article-title":"Cholestasis and metabolic bone disease - a clinical review","volume":"158","author":"Gasser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wien Med Wochenschr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80253-5","article-title":"Bone disease in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: prevalence, severity and prediction of progression","volume":"29","author":"Angulo","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21852","article-title":"Bone disorders in chronic liver disease","volume":"46","author":"Collier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199504000-00011","article-title":"Serum lipid and fat-soluble vitamin levels in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"20","author":"Jorgensen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20029","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of esophageal varices in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"39","author":"Zein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21907","article-title":"Prevention and management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis","volume":"46","author":"Garcia-Tsao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00703.x","article-title":"The survival benefit of liver transplantation","volume":"5","author":"Merion","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300501","article-title":"Long-term results of patients undergoing liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"30","author":"Graziadei","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i1.1","article-title":"Recurrence and rejection in liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"18","author":"Fosby","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-010-1256-1","article-title":"Living donor and deceased donor liver transplantation for autoimmune and cholestatic liver diseases\u2013an analysis of the UNOS database","volume":"14","author":"Kashyap","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.04.008","article-title":"Efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiation, followed by liver transplantation, for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma at 12\u00a0US centers","volume":"143","author":"Darwish Murad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Liver Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1089326117300521?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1089326117300521?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T10:05:37Z","timestamp":1602583537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1089326117300521"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1089326117300521"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-3261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-3261","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Liver Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}