{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T15:48:31Z","timestamp":1784735311312,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","liver.theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Liver Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,27]],"date-time":"2017-07-27T00:00:21Z","timestamp":1501113621000},"page":"709-723","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["An Update on the Treatment and Follow-up of Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Blaire E.","family":"Burman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manan A.","family":"Jhaveri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kris V.","family":"Kowdley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.10.025","article-title":"Epidemiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis: a systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Boonstra","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12434","article-title":"Rising incidence and prevalence of primary biliary cirrhosis: a large population-based study","volume":"34","author":"Boonstra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22906","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"50","author":"Lindor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043898","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"353","author":"Kaplan","year":"2005","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00270-8","article-title":"Pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"39","author":"Jones","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"9777","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61965-4","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"377","author":"Selmi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10003","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00154-3","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"386","author":"Carey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt308","article-title":"No rise in incidence but geographical heterogeneity in the occurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis in North East England","volume":"179","author":"McNally","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80137-0","article-title":"Familial primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"20","author":"Bach","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"9408","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15576-1","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: for want of an X chromosome?","volume":"363","author":"Kaplan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.36027","article-title":"Survival and symptom progression in a geographically based cohort of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: follow-up for up to 28 years","volume":"123","author":"Prince","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230108","article-title":"Time course of histological progression in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"23","author":"Locke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.4065\/72.12.1137","article-title":"Ursodeoxycholic acid delays the onset of esophageal varices in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"72","author":"Lindor","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00192-2","article-title":"Combined analysis of the effect of treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid on histologic progression in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"39","author":"Poupon","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1383731","article-title":"The natural history of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"34","author":"Imam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.08.029","article-title":"Levels of alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin are surrogate end points of outcomes of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: an international follow-up study","volume":"147","author":"Lammers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.12.029","article-title":"Excellent long-term survival in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"130","author":"Pares","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.12.005","article-title":"Sex and age are determinants of the clinical phenotype of primary biliary cirrhosis and response to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"144","author":"Carbone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)91086-W","article-title":"Updating prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis using a time-dependent Cox regression model. PBC1 and PBC2 trial groups","volume":"105","author":"Christensen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(85)90213-6","article-title":"Beneficial effect of azathioprine and prediction of prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis. Final results of an international trial","volume":"89","author":"Christensen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840100102","article-title":"Prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis: model for decision making","volume":"10","author":"Dickson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198301063080101","article-title":"The prognostic importance of clinical and histologic features in asymptomatic and symptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"308","author":"Roll","year":"1983","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib23","first-page":"732","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: Dutch application of the Mayo Model before and after orthotopic liver transplantation","volume":"44","author":"van Dam","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.1999.tb00020.x","article-title":"Utilization of the Mayo risk score in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis receiving ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"19","author":"Angulo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Liver"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.11.009","article-title":"The effect of ursodeoxycholic acid therapy on the natural course of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"128","author":"Corpechot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.07.061","article-title":"Development and validation of a scoring system to predict outcomes of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis receiving ursodeoxycholic acid therapy","volume":"149","author":"Lammers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198905253202104","article-title":"Detection of autoantibodies to recombinant mitochondrial proteins in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"320","author":"Van de Water","year":"1989","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230307","article-title":"Epitope mapping and reactivity of autoantibodies to the E2 component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in primary biliary cirrhosis using recombinant 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex","volume":"23","author":"Moteki","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250103","article-title":"Quantitative measurement of autoantibodies to recombinant mitochondrial antigens in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: relationship of levels of autoantibodies to disease progression","volume":"25","author":"Van Norstrand","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"12 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2014.07.015","article-title":"Are antimitochondrial antibodies the invariable hallmark of primary biliary cirrhosis?","volume":"43","author":"Dahlqvist","year":"2014","journal-title":"Presse Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270303","article-title":"Characterization of antimitochondrial antibodies in health adults","volume":"27","author":"Mattalia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21472","article-title":"Anti-gp210 and anti-centromere antibodies are different risk factors for the progression of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"45","author":"Nakamura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1053\/cgh.2003.50014","article-title":"When is liver biopsy needed in the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis?","volume":"1","author":"Zein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25599","article-title":"Noninvasive elastography-based assessment of liver fibrosis progression and prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"56","author":"Corpechot","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2012.12.003","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: therapeutic advances","volume":"17","author":"Czul","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22428","article-title":"Biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid and long-term prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"48","author":"Corpechot","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.01.003","article-title":"Improved prognosis of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis that have a biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"136","author":"Kuiper","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.2147\/HMER.S91709","article-title":"Obeticholic acid for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis in adult patients: clinical utility and patient selection","volume":"8","author":"Bowlus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepat Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/S2210-7401(12)70015-3","article-title":"Ursodeoxycholic acid and bile-acid mimetics as therapeutic agents for cholestatic liver diseases: an overview of their mechanisms of action","volume":"36","author":"Poupon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290301","article-title":"Long-term ursodeoxycholic acid delays histological progression in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"29","author":"Angulo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80136-6","article-title":"Comparison of three doses of ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis: a randomized trial","volume":"30","author":"Angulo","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70183-5","article-title":"Combined analysis of randomized controlled trials of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"113","author":"Poupon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib43","first-page":"1495","article-title":"Relatively high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis not responding to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"22","author":"Kuiper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3554","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i12.3554","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese patients: incidence and risk factors","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12522","article-title":"Biochemical criteria at 1 year are not robust indicators of response to ursodeoxycholic acid in early primary biliary cirrhosis: results from a 29-year cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Papastergiou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.216","article-title":"Baseline ductopenia and treatment response predict long-term histological progression in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"105","author":"Kumagi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-013-0903-1","article-title":"Biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid predicts survival in a North American cohort of primary biliary cirrhosis patients","volume":"49","author":"Lammert","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.02.031","article-title":"Early primary biliary cirrhosis: biochemical response to treatment and prediction of long-term outcome","volume":"55","author":"Corpechot","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1159\/000440759","article-title":"Surrogate endpoints for optimal therapeutic response to UDCA in primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"33","author":"van Buuren","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3569","DOI":"10.1021\/jm025529g","article-title":"6alpha-ethyl-chenodeoxycholic acid (6-ECDCA), a potent and selective FXR agonist endowed with anticholestatic activity","volume":"45","author":"Pellicciari","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0000000000000058","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis in 2014","volume":"30","author":"Flores","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e32834452c8","article-title":"Farnesoid X receptor agonists for primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"27","author":"Lindor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.12.005","article-title":"Efficacy of obeticholic acid in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and inadequate response to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"148","author":"Hirschfield","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(11)60030-5","article-title":"The OCA PBC Study Group, an international study evaluating the farnesoid X receptor agonist obeticholic acid as monotherapy in PBC","volume":"54","author":"Kowdley","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509840","article-title":"A\u00a0placebo-controlled trial of obeticholic acid in primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"375","author":"Nevens","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3181c115b3","article-title":"Bezafibrate treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis following incomplete response to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"44","author":"Hazzan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26018","article-title":"Anticholestatic effects of bezafibrate in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis treated with ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"57","author":"Honda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70351-3","article-title":"Oral budesonide and ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis: results of a prospective double-blind trial","volume":"117","author":"Leuschner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20646","article-title":"Budesonide combined with UDCA to improve liver histology in primary biliary cirrhosis: a three-year randomized trial","volume":"41","author":"Rautiainen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-015-8484-9","article-title":"Unmet challenges in immune-mediated hepatobiliary diseases","volume":"48","author":"Beuers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12354","article-title":"New therapeutics in primary biliary cirrhosis: will there ever be light?","volume":"34","author":"Invernizzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24748","article-title":"Biochemical and immunologic effects of rituximab in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and an incomplete response to ursodeoxycholic acid","volume":"55","author":"Tsuda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib63","first-page":"247","article-title":"Antimitochondrial antibody-negative primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"90","author":"Lacerda","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2008.02.006","article-title":"Antimitochondrial antibody-negative primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"37","author":"Mendes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1159\/000440757","article-title":"Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis: prevalence, pathogenesis and management","volume":"33","author":"Jopson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03223.x","article-title":"An open study of modafinil for the treatment of daytime somnolence and fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Jones","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-008-0613-3","article-title":"Modafinil in the treatment of debilitating fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis: a clinical experience","volume":"54","author":"Ian Gan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12560","article-title":"Fatigue and pruritus at onset identify a more aggressive subset of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"35","author":"Quarneti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26909","article-title":"Pruritus in cholestasis: facts and fiction","volume":"60","author":"Beuers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1159\/000440829","article-title":"Pathogenesis and management of pruritus in PBC and PSC","volume":"33","author":"Kremer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.02.019","article-title":"Demographic, lifestyle, medical and familial factors associated with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"53","author":"Corpechot","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-014-8446-7","article-title":"Extrahepatic malignancies in primary biliary cirrhosis: a comparative study at two European centers","volume":"48","author":"Floreani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-008-0917-x","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease and Sjogren's syndrome in primary biliary cirrhosis: a causal or casual association?","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.11.036","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerotic risk: a systematic review","volume":"194","author":"Sorokin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.079814","article-title":"Hypercholesterolaemia is not associated with early atherosclerotic lesions in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"55","author":"Allocca","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.51.2.265","article-title":"Hyperlipidaemic state and cardiovascular risk in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"51","author":"Longo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12191","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of simvastatin in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"33","author":"Cash","year":"2013","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)61815-1","article-title":"Effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on serum lipids of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"69","author":"Balan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-001-0082-8","article-title":"Osteopenia and osteoporosis in gastrointestinal diseases: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"3","author":"Southerland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.11.035","article-title":"Severity of cholestasis and advanced histological stage but not menopausal status are the major risk factors for osteoporosis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"42","author":"Guanabens","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26466","article-title":"Randomized trial comparing monthly ibandronate and weekly alendronate for osteoporosis in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"58","author":"Guanabens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-014-8594-0","article-title":"Vitamin D in primary biliary cirrhosis, a plausible marker of advanced disease","volume":"61","author":"Agmon-Levin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2745","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.04134.x","article-title":"Fat-soluble vitamin levels in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"96","author":"Phillips","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Liver Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1089326117300533?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1089326117300533?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]],"date-time":"2022-07-31T14:25:54Z","timestamp":1659277554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1089326117300533"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1089326117300533"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-3261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-3261","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"An Update on the Treatment and Follow-up of Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Liver Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2017.06.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}