{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T17:59:31Z","timestamp":1779299971162,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Liver Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T23:34:23Z","timestamp":1530747263000},"page":"443-455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The Genetics and Epigenetics of Primary Biliary Cholangitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick S.C.","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merrill Eric","family":"Gershwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22906","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"50","author":"Lindor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10003","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00154-3","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"386","author":"Carey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-017-9830-1","article-title":"Primary biliary cholangitis: a comprehensive overview","volume":"11","author":"Lleo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-017-0074-2","article-title":"Chronic autoimmune epithelitis in Sjogren's syndrome and primary biliary cholangitis: a comprehensive review","volume":"4","author":"Selmi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.5114\/ceji.2016.60993","article-title":"Liver damage in primary biliary cirrhosis and accompanied by primary Sjogren's syndrome: a retrospective pilot study","volume":"41","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cent Eur J Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1586\/14737159.2016.1164038","article-title":"A\u00a0contemporary perspective on the molecular characteristics of mitochondrial autoantigens and diagnosis in primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"16","author":"Leung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Diagn"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.003","article-title":"Making sense of autoantibodies in cholestatic liver diseases","volume":"20","author":"Marzorati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"1.2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2152\/jmi.64.7","article-title":"Primary biliary cholangitis: its pathological characteristics and immunopathological mechanisms","volume":"64","author":"Tsuneyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Invest"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29059","article-title":"The fingerprint of antimitochondrial antibodies and the etiology of primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"65","author":"Shuai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29245","article-title":"Autoreactive monoclonal antibodies from patients with primary biliary cholangitis recognize environmental xenobiotics","volume":"66","author":"Tanaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2015.08.016","article-title":"Using GWAS to identify genetic predisposition in hepatic autoimmunity","volume":"66","author":"Webb","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2015.08.002","article-title":"The immunogenetics of autoimmune cholestasis","volume":"20","author":"Trivedi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2015.09.006","article-title":"Epigenetic profiling in CD4+ and CD8+ T\u00a0cells from Graves' disease patients reveals changes in genes associated with T\u00a0cell receptor signaling","volume":"67","author":"Limbach","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-015-8497-4","article-title":"Epigenetics and systemic lupus erythematosus: unmet needs","volume":"50","author":"Meroni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2016.12.002","article-title":"Epigenetics of psoriatic disease: a systematic review and critical appraisal","volume":"78","author":"Pollock","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2017.05.004","article-title":"Unfolding the pathogenesis of scleroderma through genomics and epigenomics","volume":"83","author":"Tsou","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"issue":"2\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1080\/10446670310001626526","article-title":"Geographic clusters of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"10","author":"Abu-Mouch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.02.019","article-title":"Demographic, lifestyle, medical and familial factors associated with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"53","author":"Corpechot","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-12-110","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis in a genetically homogeneous population: disease associations and familial occurrence rates","volume":"12","author":"Mantaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2651","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-009-1057-0","article-title":"Familial clustering and genetic background of primary biliary cirrhosis in Japan","volume":"55","author":"Yanagisawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.005","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis in monozygotic and dizygotic twins: genetics, epigenetics, and environment","volume":"127","author":"Selmi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21316","article-title":"HLA class II alleles, genotypes, haplotypes, and amino acids in primary biliary cirrhosis: a large-scale study","volume":"44","author":"Donaldson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2012.17","article-title":"Classical HLA-DRB1 and DPB1 alleles account for HLA associations with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"13","author":"Invernizzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib24","first-page":"398","article-title":"Association of primary biliary cirrhosis with the allele HLA-DPB1*0301 in a German population","volume":"21","author":"Mella","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80617-8","article-title":"DNA typing of HLA class II genes; DRB1*0803 increases the susceptibility of Japanese to primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Onishi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8019","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9019","article-title":"International genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new primary biliary cirrhosis risk loci and targetable pathogenic pathways","volume":"6","author":"Cordell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.631","article-title":"Variants at IRF5-TNPO3, 17q12-21 and MMEL1 are associated with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"42","author":"Hirschfield","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2544","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810440","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis associated with HLA, IL12A, and IL12RB2 variants","volume":"360","author":"Hirschfield","year":"2009","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2011.89","article-title":"Association of primary biliary cirrhosis with variants in the CLEC16A, SOCS1, SPIB and SIAE immunomodulatory genes","volume":"13","author":"Hirschfield","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5209","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds359","article-title":"Immunochip analyses identify a novel risk locus for primary biliary cirrhosis at 13q14, multiple independent associations at four established risk loci and epistasis between 1p31 and 7q32 risk variants","volume":"21","author":"Juran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib31","first-page":"650","article-title":"Genome-wide association studies identify PRKCB as a novel genetic susceptibility locus for primary biliary cholangitis in the Japanese population","volume":"26","author":"Kawashima","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2395","article-title":"Dense fine-mapping study identifies new susceptibility loci for primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"44","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.627","article-title":"Genome-wide meta-analyses identify three loci associated with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"42","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.789","article-title":"Genome-wide association study identifies 12 new susceptibility loci for primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"43","author":"Mells","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2012.08.010","article-title":"Genome-wide association study identifies TNFSF15 and POU2AF1 as susceptibility loci for primary biliary cirrhosis in the Japanese population","volume":"91","author":"Nakamura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14828","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14828","article-title":"A\u00a0genome-wide association study identifies six novel risk loci for primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"8","author":"Qiu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-313332","article-title":"Gut microbial profile is altered in primary biliary cholangitis and partially restored after UDCA therapy","volume":"67","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.07.027","article-title":"Genetic factors of susceptibility and of severity in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"49","author":"Poupon","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.10.025","article-title":"Epidemiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis: a systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Boonstra","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13448","article-title":"Population-based epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in South Korea","volume":"43","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13143","article-title":"Low incidence of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) in the first-degree relatives of PBC probands after 8 years of follow-up","volume":"36","author":"Gulamhusein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2015.12.003","article-title":"Hypomethylation within gene promoter regions and type 1 diabetes in discordant monozygotic twins","volume":"68","author":"Elboudwarej","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2017.04.005","article-title":"Lessons learned from twins in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases","volume":"83","author":"Generali","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2017.04.003","article-title":"The epigenetic mechanism for discordance of autoimmunity in monozygotic twins","volume":"83","author":"Xiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib45","first-page":"128","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation, copy number variation, and gene expression in monozygotic twins discordant for primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"5","author":"Selmi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2015.1134511","article-title":"Epigenetic alterations underlying autoimmune diseases","volume":"49","author":"Aslani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-016-8534-y","article-title":"Critical link between epigenetics and transcription factors in the induction of autoimmunity: a comprehensive review","volume":"50","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2016.05.011","article-title":"The epigenetics of PBC: the link between genetic susceptibility and environment","volume":"40","author":"Marzorati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29524","article-title":"The interplay of type I and type II interferons in murine autoimmune cholangitis as a basis for sex-biased autoimmunity","volume":"67","author":"Bae","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840110317","article-title":"Epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in a defined rural population in the northern part of Sweden","volume":"11","author":"Danielsson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.24.10.940","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: geographical clustering and symptomatic onset seasonality","volume":"24","author":"Hamlyn","year":"1983","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.20197","article-title":"Epidemiology and natural history of primary biliary cirrhosis in a US community","volume":"119","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"276","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib53","first-page":"377","article-title":"The epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in north-east England: an increasingly common disease?","volume":"75","author":"Myszor","year":"1990","journal-title":"Q\u00a0J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-015-0098-9","article-title":"DNA methylation profiling of the X chromosome reveals an aberrant demethylation on CXCR3 promoter in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"7","author":"Lleo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.04813.x","article-title":"CXCR3, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases","volume":"1173","author":"Lacotte","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2005.08.009","article-title":"Increased levels of chemokine receptor CXCR3 and chemokines IP-10 and MIG in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and their first degree relatives","volume":"25","author":"Chuang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24630","article-title":"Immunoglobulin M levels inversely correlate with CD40 ligand promoter methylation in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"55","author":"Lleo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2009.00782.x","article-title":"Molecular mechanism and function of CD40\/CD40L engagement in the immune system","volume":"229","author":"Elgueta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.03.003","article-title":"X-linked primary immunodeficiencies as a bridge to better understanding X-chromosome related autoimmunity","volume":"33","author":"Pessach","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1080\/00365519850186418","article-title":"Analysis of CD40 ligand gene mutations in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"58","author":"Higuchi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest"},{"issue":"9408","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15541-4","article-title":"Frequency of monosomy X in women with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"363","author":"Invernizzi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.1.575","article-title":"X\u00a0chromosome monosomy: a common mechanism for autoimmune diseases","volume":"175","author":"Invernizzi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21696","article-title":"Preferential X chromosome loss but random inactivation characterize primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"46","author":"Miozzo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2004.05.003","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: does X mark the spot?","volume":"3","author":"Selmi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.6.1.13405","article-title":"Epigenetic investigation of variably X chromosome inactivated genes in monozygotic female twins discordant for primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"6","author":"Mitchell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e328353753d","article-title":"The epidemiology and natural history of primary biliary cirrhosis: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"24","author":"Baldursdottir","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2017.05.006","article-title":"Geoepidemiology, clinical manifestations and outcome of primary biliary cholangitis in Greece","volume":"42","author":"Gatselis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25906","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25906","article-title":"Evolving trends in female to male incidence and male mortality of primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"6","author":"Lleo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.02.022","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with altered hepatic microRNA expression","volume":"32","author":"Padgett","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Autoimmun"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12040","article-title":"Analysis of altered microRNA expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"28","author":"Qin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66086","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066086","article-title":"Distinct microRNAs expression profile in primary biliary cirrhosis and evaluation of miR 505-3p and miR197-3p as novel biomarkers","volume":"8","author":"Ninomiya","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e111424","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111424","article-title":"Serum microRNAs as potential biomarkers of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"9","author":"Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3350","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.5606","article-title":"Identification of microRNA profiles associated with refractory primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"14","author":"Sakamoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2610","article-title":"Altered expression of miR-92a correlates with Th17 cell frequency in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"38","author":"Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250104","article-title":"Decreased anion exchanger 2 immunoreactivity in the liver of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Medina","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25691","article-title":"Up-regulation of microRNA 506 leads to decreased Cl(\u2212)\/HCO(3) (\u2212) anion exchanger 2 expression in biliary epithelium of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"56","author":"Banales","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-017-1333-2","article-title":"Geoepidemiology and changing mortality in primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"52","author":"Floreani","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1044","article-title":"Toward solving the etiological mystery of primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"1","author":"Tanaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2016.07.003","article-title":"Novel therapeutics for primary biliary cholangitis: toward a disease-stage-based approach","volume":"15","author":"Mousa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1586\/17512433.2015.1092381","article-title":"Obeticholic acid for the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"9","author":"Trivedi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2012.09.004","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis in Southern Israel: a 20 year follow up study","volume":"23","author":"Delgado","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt308","article-title":"No rise in incidence but geographical heterogeneity in the occurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis in north East England","volume":"179","author":"McNally","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12434","article-title":"Rising incidence and prevalence of primary biliary cirrhosis: a large population-based study","volume":"34","author":"Boonstra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2017.1351","article-title":"Incidence of primary biliary cholangitis in a rural midwestern population","volume":"15","author":"Kanth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-10-100","article-title":"Prevalence of primary biliary cirrhosis in adults referring hospital for annual health check-up in Southern China","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-011-9329-0","article-title":"Low incidence and prevalence of primary biliary cirrhosis in Canterbury, New Zealand: a population-based study","volume":"6","author":"Ngu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Liver Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1089326118300278?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1089326118300278?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,5]],"date-time":"2018-07-05T00:33:00Z","timestamp":1530750780000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1089326118300278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1089326118300278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1089-3261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1089-3261","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Genetics and Epigenetics of Primary Biliary Cholangitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Liver Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cld.2018.03.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}