{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T15:36:59Z","timestamp":1773157019072,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]],"date-time":"2013-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]],"date-time":"2013-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinical-genitourinary-cancer.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Genitourinary Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,17]],"date-time":"2012-10-17T04:46:31Z","timestamp":1350449191000},"page":"10-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Bcl-2 Family of Proteins as Therapeutic Targets in Genitourinary Neoplasms"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Connor","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Troutman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas K.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William D.","family":"Figg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min H.","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","article-title":"Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation","volume":"144","author":"Hanahan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5381.1309","article-title":"Mitochondria and apoptosis","volume":"281","author":"Green","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-0144","article-title":"Bcl-2 inhibitors: targeting mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in cancer therapy","volume":"15","author":"Kang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3874430","article-title":"Involvement of the bcl-2 gene in human follicular lymphoma","volume":"228","author":"Tsujimoto","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2011.17","article-title":"The role of Bcl-2 and its pro-survival relatives in tumourigenesis and cancer therapy","volume":"18","author":"Kelly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib6","first-page":"389","article-title":"Expression of bcl-2 and the progression of human and rodent prostatic cancers","volume":"2","author":"Furuya","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2002.03637.x","article-title":"The anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-X(L) and Bcl-2 are over-expressed and contribute to chemoresistance of non-proliferating leukaemic CD34+ cells","volume":"118","author":"Konopleva","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(98)80086-1","article-title":"Expression of bcl-2, bcl-x, bax and bak in renal parenchyma, oncocytomas and renal cell carcinomas","volume":"194","author":"Pammer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68635-1","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of BCL-2 protein expression in renal cell carcinoma","volume":"162","author":"Huang","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)66192-5","article-title":"Relationship of p53 and bcl-2 to prognosis in muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder","volume":"155","author":"Glick","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70002-5","article-title":"Use of combined apoptosis biomarkers for prediction of bladder cancer recurrence and mortality after radical cystectomy","volume":"8","author":"Karam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib12","first-page":"10","article-title":"Cancer statistics","volume":"2012","author":"Siegel","year":"2012","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-08-0333","article-title":"Natural BH3 mimetic (-)-gossypol chemosensitizes human prostate cancer via Bcl-xL inhibition accompanied by increase of puma and noxa","volume":"7","author":"Meng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040720","article-title":"Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer","volume":"351","author":"Tannock","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3686","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.34.3996","article-title":"Chemotherapy-based treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"29","author":"Seruga","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2011.08.013","article-title":"New and emerging agents for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"29","author":"Higano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib17","first-page":"390","article-title":"Detection of the apoptosis-suppressing oncoprotein bc1-2 in hormone-refractory human prostate cancers","volume":"143","author":"Colombel","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6961","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.16.6961","article-title":"BCL2 protein is topographically restricted in tissues characterized by apoptotic cell death","volume":"88","author":"Hockenbery","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib19","first-page":"1567","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of bcl-2, bax, bcl-X, and Mcl-1 expression in prostate cancers","volume":"148","author":"Krajewska","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib20","first-page":"6940","article-title":"Expression of the protooncogene bcl-2 in the prostate and its association with emergence of androgen-independent prostate cancer","volume":"52","author":"McDonnell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(02)04468-1","article-title":"Bcl-2 is significantly overexpressed in localized radio-recurrent prostate carcinoma, compared with localized radio-naive prostate carcinoma","volume":"56","author":"Rosser","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib22","first-page":"5594","article-title":"Apoptosis resistance increases with metastatic potential in cells of the human LNCaP prostate carcinoma line","volume":"56","author":"McConkey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0045(199604)28:4<251::AID-PROS6>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Role of programmed (apoptotic) cell death during the progression and therapy for prostate cancer","volume":"28","author":"Denmeade","year":"1996","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7342","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1204926","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of bcl-2 by nuclear factor kappa B and its significance in prostate cancer","volume":"20","author":"Catz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib25","first-page":"2891","article-title":"The phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase pathway is a dominant growth factor-activated cell survival pathway in LNCaP human prostate carcinoma cells","volume":"59","author":"Lin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4795","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.11.8467","article-title":"Role of PI3K signaling in survival and progression of LNCaP prostate cancer cells to the androgen refractory state","volume":"142","author":"Murillo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib27","first-page":"4438","article-title":"Overexpression of bcl-2 protects prostate cancer cells from apoptosis in vitro and confers resistance to androgen depletion in vivo","volume":"55","author":"Raffo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(97)00636-5","article-title":"p53 and bcl-2 immunohistochemical alterations in prostate cancer treated with radiation therapy","volume":"51","author":"Huang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(98)00360-4","article-title":"bcl-2\/bax ratio as a predictive marker for therapeutic response to radiotherapy in patients with prostate cancer","volume":"52","author":"Mackey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib30","author":"Howlader"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib31","first-page":"42","article-title":"Chemotherapy for advanced renal-cell carcinoma: 1983-1993","volume":"22","author":"Yagoda","year":"1995","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2011.10629.x","article-title":"Targeted therapy for advanced renal cell cancer (RCC): a Cochrane systematic review of published randomised trials","volume":"108","author":"Coppin","year":"2011","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S1078-1439(02)00236-3","article-title":"Conventional (clear cell) renal carcinoma metastases have greater bcl-2 expression than high-risk primary tumors","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601454","article-title":"Impact of frequent Bcl-2 expression on better prognosis in renal cell carcinoma patients","volume":"90","author":"Itoi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.01.069","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis with multiple antibodies in search of prognostic markers for clear cell renal cell carcinoma","volume":"69","author":"Phuoc","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401782","article-title":"Loss of the tissue-specific proapoptotic BH3-only protein Nbk\/Bik is a unifying feature of renal cell carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Sturm","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7038","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210510","article-title":"Frequent loss of expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bim in renal cell carcinoma: evidence for contribution to apoptosis resistance","volume":"26","author":"Zantl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1159\/000215826","article-title":"Expression of Mcl-1 splicing variants in clear-cell renal cancer and their correlation with histopathological parameters and prognosis","volume":"30","author":"Kempkensteffen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(00)00645-2","article-title":"Cell proliferation and apoptosis with BCL-2 expression in renal cell carcinoma","volume":"56","author":"Zhang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1159\/000103381","article-title":"Microenvironment effects on promoting upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases in Bcl-2-overexpressing renal cell carcinoma as a response to doxorubicin treatment inducing the production of metastasis","volume":"28","author":"Ahn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604268","article-title":"Double inhibition of XIAP and Bcl-2 axis is beneficial for retrieving sensitivity of renal cell cancer to apoptosis","volume":"98","author":"Bilim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2004.11.013","article-title":"Inhibition of bcl-2 enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy in renal cell carcinoma","volume":"47","author":"Kausch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601895","article-title":"Downregulation of Bcl-2 sensitises interferon-resistant renal cancer cells to Fas","volume":"91","author":"Kelly","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-1977","article-title":"The BH3 mimetic ABT-737 induces cancer cell senescence","volume":"71","author":"Song","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-9-164","article-title":"Chemotherapeutic drugs sensitize human renal cell carcinoma cells to ABT-737 by a mechanism involving the noxa-dependent inactivation of Mcl-1 or A1","volume":"9","author":"Zall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2005.07.062","article-title":"Bladder cancer: epidemiology, staging and grading, and diagnosis","volume":"66","author":"Kirkali","year":"2005","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65157-9","article-title":"Contemporary management of stage T1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder","volume":"167","author":"Soloway","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4602","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.07.757","article-title":"Long-term survival results of a randomized trial comparing gemcitabine plus cisplatin, with methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, plus cisplatin in patients with bladder cancer","volume":"23","author":"von der Maase","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.38.6979","article-title":"Randomized phase III study comparing paclitaxel\/cisplatin\/gemcitabine and gemcitabine\/cisplatin in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer without prior systemic therapy: EORTC intergroup study 30987","volume":"30","author":"Bellmunt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1992.10.7.1066","article-title":"A randomized comparison of cisplatin alone or in combination with methotrexate, vinblastine, and doxorubicin in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a cooperative group study","volume":"10","author":"Loehrer","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.9.2272","article-title":"Escalated MVAC with or without recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for the initial treatment of advanced malignant urothelial tumors: results of a randomized trial","volume":"13","author":"Logothetis","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)66652-7","article-title":"Incidence of apoptosis, cell proliferation and bcl-2 expression in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: association with tumor progression","volume":"155","author":"King","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-002-0274-1","article-title":"Immunohistochemical study of pro-apoptotic factors Bax, Fas and CPP32 in urinary bladder cancer: prognostic implications","volume":"30","author":"Giannopoulou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Urol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib54","first-page":"571","article-title":"BCL2 expression predicts survival in patients receiving synchronous chemoradiotherapy in advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder","volume":"10","author":"Hussain","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(01)00421-2","article-title":"Prognostic factors in transitional cell cancer of the bladder: an emerging role for Bcl-2 and p53","volume":"61","author":"Ong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.03.023","article-title":"Treatment of muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer: update of the EAU guidelines","volume":"59","author":"Stenzl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2005.05.039","article-title":"Upregulation of Bcl-2 is associated with cisplatin-resistance via inhibition of Bax translocation in human bladder cancer cells","volume":"237","author":"Cho","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1201602","article-title":"Overexpression of Bcl-2 in bladder cancer cells inhibits apoptosis induced by cisplatin and adenoviral-mediated p53 gene transfer","volume":"16","author":"Miyake","year":"1998","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.2174\/138945010791170888","article-title":"Chemosensitization of prostate cancer by modulating Bcl-2 family proteins","volume":"11","author":"Karnak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-004-0477-x","article-title":"Targeting Bcl-2 with oblimersen for patients with hormone refractory prostate cancer","volume":"23","author":"Chi","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7012","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.7012","article-title":"A phase III randomized trial of intensive induction and consolidation chemotherapy (+\/-) oblimersen, a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide in untreated acute myeloid leukemia patients >60 years old","volume":"25","author":"Marcucci","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.07.1191","article-title":"Randomized phase III trial of fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide with or without oblimersen sodium (Bcl-2 antisense) in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"25","author":"O'Brien","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190902748971","article-title":"Phase III randomised study of dexamethasone with or without oblimersen sodium for patients with advanced multiple myeloma","volume":"50","author":"Chanan-Khan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib64","first-page":"2891","article-title":"Progression to androgen independence is delayed by adjuvant treatment with antisense Bcl-2 oligodeoxynucleotides after castration in the LNCaP prostate tumor model","volume":"5","author":"Gleave","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib65","first-page":"1253","article-title":"Taxol induces bcl-2 phosphorylation and death of prostate cancer cells","volume":"56","author":"Haldar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib66","first-page":"3920","article-title":"A phase I dose-finding study of combined treatment with an antisense Bcl-2 oligonucleotide (Genasense) and mitoxantrone in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer","volume":"7","author":"Chi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5048","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-03-0701","article-title":"A phase I pharmacokinetic and biological correlative study of oblimersen sodium (genasense, g3139), an antisense oligonucleotide to the bcl-2 mRNA, and of docetaxel in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer","volume":"10","author":"Tolcher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3854","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-2145","article-title":"A phase II, pharmacokinetic, and biological correlative study of oblimersen sodium and docetaxel in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer","volume":"11","author":"Tolcher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdn784","article-title":"Docetaxel plus oblimersen sodium (Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide): an EORTC multicenter, randomized phase II study in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"20","author":"Sternberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-007-0200-6","article-title":"Oblimersen and alpha-interferon in metastatic renal cancer: a phase II study of the California Cancer Consortium","volume":"133","author":"Margolin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65929-0","article-title":"The effect of antisense Bcl-2 oligonucleotides on Bcl-2 protein expression and apoptosis in human bladder transitional cell carcinoma","volume":"166","author":"Duggan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2008.09.005","article-title":"-(-)Gossypol promotes the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells in vitro","volume":"58","author":"Macoska","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib73","first-page":"137","article-title":"Phase II study of AT-101 to abrogate Bcl-2-mediated resistance to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients (pts) with newly diagnosed androgen-dependent metastatic prostate cancer (ADMPC)","volume":"29","author":"Stein","year":"2011","journal-title":"ASCO Meeting Abstracts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdr555","article-title":"Randomized phase II trial of docetaxel plus prednisone in combination with placebo or AT-101, an oral small molecule Bcl-2 family antagonist, as first-line therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"23","author":"Sonpavde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3172","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-2985","article-title":"An open-label, multicenter, phase I\/II study of single-agent AT-101 in men with castrate-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.03.058","article-title":"Irradiation of human prostate cancer cells increases uptake of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide","volume":"68","author":"Anai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-009-9254-4","article-title":"Treatment of prostate and breast tumors employing mono- and bi-specific antisense oligonucleotides targeting apoptosis inhibitory proteins clusterin and bcl-2","volume":"27","author":"Rubenstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib78","first-page":"1925","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of (\u2013)-gossypol-induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells","volume":"26","author":"Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib79","first-page":"33","article-title":"The (-)-enantiomer of gossypol possesses higher anticancer potency than racemic gossypol in human breast cancer","volume":"22","author":"Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib80","first-page":"768","article-title":"Differential cytotoxic effect of gossypol on human melanoma, colon carcinoma, and other tissue culture cell lines","volume":"44","author":"Tuszynski","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib81","first-page":"6936","article-title":"Action of gossypol and rhodamine 123 on wild type and multidrug-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: 31P nuclear magnetic resonance and toxicity studies","volume":"50","author":"Jaroszewski","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00257288","article-title":"Antitumor effects of gossypol on murine tumors","volume":"15","author":"Rao","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3835(84)90021-1","article-title":"Gossypol inhibits Ehrlich ascites tumor cell proliferation","volume":"24","author":"Tso","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.197.4.2","article-title":"(-)-gossypol enhances response to radiation therapy and results in tumor regression of human prostate cancer","volume":"4","author":"Xu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2010.74","article-title":"A natural BH3 mimetic induces autophagy in apoptosis-resistant prostate cancer via modulating Bcl-2-Beclin1 interaction at endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"18","author":"Lian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-009-9501-y","article-title":"Overcoming drug resistance in hormone- and drug-refractory prostate cancer cell line, PC-3 by docetaxel and gossypol combination","volume":"37","author":"Cengiz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22633","article-title":"AT-101 (R-(-)-gossypol acetic acid) enhances the effectiveness of androgen deprivation therapy in the VCaP prostate cancer model","volume":"110","author":"McGregor","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-09-0507","article-title":"Gossypol induces apoptosis by activating p53 in prostate cancer cells and prostate tumor-initiating cells","volume":"9","author":"Volate","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib89","first-page":"169","article-title":"Phase I study of at-101 (R-(\u2013)-gossypol) in combination with paclitaxel (P) and carboplatin (C) in solid tumors including castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)","volume":"29","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"ASCO Meeting Abstracts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.200800185","article-title":"Design and synthesis of a gossypol derivative with improved antitumor activities","volume":"342","author":"Zhan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Pharm (Weinheim)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-10-1091","article-title":"Synergistic antitumor activity of gemcitabine and ABT-737 in vitro and in vivo through disrupting the interaction of USP9X and Mcl-1","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8785","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1100769108","article-title":"Apogossypol derivative BI-97C1 (Sabutoclax) targeting Mcl-1 sensitizes prostate cancer cells to mda-7\/IL-24-mediated toxicity","volume":"108","author":"Dash","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03579","article-title":"An inhibitor of Bcl-2 family proteins induces regression of solid tumours","volume":"435","author":"Oltersdorf","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21116","article-title":"New potential anti-cancer agents synergize with bortezomib and ABT-737 against prostate cancer","volume":"70","author":"Pandit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3421","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-5836","article-title":"ABT-263: a potent and orally bioavailable Bcl-2 family inhibitor","volume":"68","author":"Tse","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.31.6208","article-title":"Phase I study of navitoclax (ABT-263), a novel Bcl-2 family inhibitor, in patients with small-cell lung cancer and other solid tumors","volume":"29","author":"Gandhi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.01.037","article-title":"Programmed anuclear cell death delimits platelet life span","volume":"128","author":"Mason","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-04-347849","article-title":"Bcl-xL-inhibitory BH3 mimetics can induce a transient thrombocytopathy that undermines the hemostatic function of platelets","volume":"118","author":"Schoenwaelder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3163","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-3090","article-title":"Phase II study of single-agent navitoclax (ABT-263) and biomarker correlates in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer","volume":"18","author":"Rudin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib100","first-page":"161","article-title":"The effect of cell killing by ABT-737 synergized with docetaxel in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells [in Chinese]","volume":"50","author":"Hao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-3240","article-title":"Pim kinase inhibitors sensitize prostate cancer cells to apoptosis triggered by Bcl-2 family inhibitor ABT-737","volume":"72","author":"Song","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24102","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024102","article-title":"Efficient elimination of cancer cells by deoxyglucose-ABT-263\/737 combination therapy","volume":"6","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7124","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.13.7124","article-title":"Structure-based discovery of an organic compound that binds Bcl-2 protein and induces apoptosis of tumor cells","volume":"97","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209830","article-title":"Overcoming the radioresistance of prostate cancer cells with a novel Bcl-2 inhibitor","volume":"26","author":"An","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib105","first-page":"29","article-title":"PIDDosome expression and the role of caspase-2 activation for chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in RCCs","volume":"32","author":"Heikaus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib106","first-page":"419","article-title":"HA14-1 is able to reconstitute the impaired mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma cell lines","volume":"30","author":"Heikaus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2007.10.012","article-title":"sHA 14-1, a stable and ROS-free antagonist against anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, bypasses drug resistances and synergizes cancer therapies in human leukemia cell","volume":"259","author":"Tian","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-005-2490-y","article-title":"Sensitization of prostate carcinoma cells to Apo2L\/TRAIL by a Bcl-2 family protein inhibitor","volume":"10","author":"Ray","year":"2005","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19512","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0709443104","article-title":"Small molecule obatoclax (GX15-070) antagonizes Mcl-1 and overcomes Mcl-1-mediated resistance to apoptosis","volume":"104","author":"Nguyen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"}],"container-title":["Clinical Genitourinary Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1558767312001772?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1558767312001772?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T11:22:39Z","timestamp":1761564159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1558767312001772"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"references-count":109,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1558767312001772"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1558-7673"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1558-7673","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bcl-2 Family of Proteins as Therapeutic Targets in Genitourinary Neoplasms","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Genitourinary Cancer","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clgc.2012.09.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}