{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:23:52Z","timestamp":1790277832056,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1172707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,20]],"date-time":"2006-11-20T15:46:03Z","timestamp":1164037563000},"page":"330-337","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Detection of low avidity desmoglein 3-reactive T cells in pemphigus vulgaris using HLA-DR\u03b21\u204e0402 tetramers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Veldman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00fcdiger","family":"Eming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Wolff-Franke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grete","family":"Sonderstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William W.","family":"Kwok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Hertl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI28547","article-title":"T cell control in autoimmune bullous skin disorders","volume":"116","author":"Hertl","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00086.x","article-title":"Recognition of desmoglein 3 by autoreactive T cells in pemphigus vulgaris patients and normals","volume":"110","author":"Hertl","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11935","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.25.11935","article-title":"Structural basis for major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-linked susceptibility to autoimmunity: charged residues of a single MHC binding pocket confer selective presentation of self-peptides in pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"92","author":"Wucherpfennig","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119130","article-title":"Development and characterization of desmoglein-3 specific T cells from patients with pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"99","author":"Lin","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.1.635","article-title":"Dichotomy of autoreactive Th1 and Th2 cell responses to desmoglein 3 in patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and healthy carriers of PV-associated HLA class II alleles","volume":"170","author":"Veldman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03901.x","article-title":"Frequency analysis of autoreactive T-helper 1 and 2 cells in bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris by enzyme-linked immunospot assay","volume":"143","author":"Eming","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5239","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.11.5239","article-title":"Correlation of peptide specificity and IgG subclass with pathogenic and nonpathogenic autoantibodies in pemphigus vulgaris: a model for autoimmunity","volume":"92","author":"Bhol","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04228.x","article-title":"IgG, IgA and IgE autoantibodies against the ectodomain of desmoglein 3 in active pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"144","author":"Spaeth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939908993852","article-title":"HLA class II restriction of autoreactive T cell responses in pemphigus vulgaris: review of the literature and potential applications for the development of a specific immunotherapy","volume":"30","author":"Riechers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3883","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.6.3883","article-title":"T cell recognition of desmoglein 3 peptides in patients with pemphigus vulgaris and healthy individuals","volume":"172","author":"Veldman","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00156.x","article-title":"Heterogeneous MHC II restriction pattern of autoreactive desmoglein 3 specific T cell responses in pemphigus vulgaris patients and normals","volume":"110","author":"Hertl","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5439","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.9.5439","article-title":"Dominant autoimmune epitopes recognized by pemphigus antibodies map to the N-terminal adhesive region of desmogleins","volume":"167","author":"Sekiguchi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R63","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI8476","article-title":"MHC class II tetramers identify peptide-specific human CD4(+) T cells proliferating in response to influenza A antigen","volume":"104","author":"Novak","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8082","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.15.8082","article-title":"Identification of immunodominant T cell epitopes of human glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 by using HLA-DR(alpha1\u204e0101,beta1\u204e0401) transgenic mice","volume":"94","author":"Patel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1999.tb01377.x","article-title":"HLA class II transgenic mice: models of the human CD4+ T-cell immune response","volume":"172","author":"Sonderstrup","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib16","first-page":"A12","article-title":"Ex vivo analysis of T cell epitopes of desmoglein 3 in a HLA class II-transgenic mouse model of pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"125","author":"Eming","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5933","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.11.5933","article-title":"Functional heterogeneity of vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cells","volume":"168","author":"Monsurro","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4141(200005)30:5<1458::AID-IMMU1458>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"Tracing and characterization of the low-avidity self-specific T cell repertoire","volume":"30","author":"de Visser","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.5.1375","article-title":"Detection of GAD65-specific T-cells by major histocompatibility complex class II tetramers in type 1 diabetic patients and at-risk subjects","volume":"51","author":"Reijonen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-5521(00)00019-3","article-title":"A diverse set of oligomeric class II MHC-peptide complexes for probing T-cell receptor interactions","volume":"7","author":"Cochran","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1038\/82231","article-title":"Artificial antigen-presenting cells as a tool to exploit the immune \u2018synapse\u2019","volume":"6","author":"Prakken","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.1.312","article-title":"Kinetics of T-cell receptor binding by bivalent HLA-DR. Peptide complexes that activate antigen-specific human T-cells","volume":"275","author":"Appel","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.9.1641","article-title":"Ex vivo staining of metastatic lymph nodes by class I major histocompatibility complex tetramers reveals high numbers of antigen-experienced tumor-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes","volume":"188","author":"Romero","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1323","article-title":"A comparison of two types of dendritic cell as adjuvants for the induction of melanoma-specific T-cell responses in humans following intranodal injection","volume":"93","author":"Jonuleit","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.2.1082","article-title":"Maintenance of large numbers of virus-specific CD8+ T cells in HIV-infected progressors and long-term nonprogressors","volume":"165","author":"Gea-Banacloche","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6334","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.10.6334","article-title":"Ultrasensitive detection and phenotyping of CD4+ T cells with optimized HLA class II tetramer staining","volume":"175","author":"Scriba","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425281","article-title":"Detection of low-frequency human antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells using MHC class II multimer bead sorting and immunoscope analysis","volume":"34","author":"Lemaitre","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(02)04963-9","article-title":"Castleman's disease associated with myasthenia gravis","volume":"75","author":"Day","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Thorac. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3163","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.6.3163","article-title":"HLA class II-restricted CD4+ T cell responses directed against influenza viral antigens postinfluenza vaccination","volume":"171","author":"Danke","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10900","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.20.10900-10909.2003","article-title":"Diminished proliferation of human immunodeficiency virus-specific CD4+ T cells is associated with diminished interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and is recovered by exogenous IL-2","volume":"77","author":"Iyasere","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-6616(02)00017-7","article-title":"HLA tetramer-based artificial antigen-presenting cells for stimulation of CD4+ T cells","volume":"106","author":"Maus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-03-0930","article-title":"Direct killing of Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV)-infected B cells by CD4 T cells directed against the EBV lytic protein BHRF1","volume":"103","author":"Landais","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11433","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.190335897","article-title":"Direct enumeration of Borrelia-reactive CD4 T cells ex vivo by using MHC class II tetramers","volume":"97","author":"Meyer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6665","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.11.6665","article-title":"Tetramer-guided epitope mapping: rapid identification and characterization of immunodominant CD4+ T cell epitopes from complex antigens","volume":"166","author":"Novak","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1288.009","article-title":"Detection of CD4+ autoreactive T cells in T1D using HLA class II tetramers","volume":"1005","author":"Reijonen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/S1046-2023(02)00350-X","article-title":"Use of HLA class II tetramers in tracking antigen-specific T cells and mapping T-cell epitopes","volume":"29","author":"Reijonen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200201)46:1<238::AID-ART10030>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Identification of type II collagen peptide 261\u2013273-specific T cell clones in a patient with relapsing polychondritis","volume":"46","author":"Buckner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5069","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.8.5069","article-title":"Allergen-specific MHC class II tetramer+ cells are detectable in allergic, but not in nonallergic, individuals","volume":"176","author":"Macaubas","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/13.6.799","article-title":"Activated human epitope-specific T cells identified by class II tetramers reside within a CD4high, proliferating subset","volume":"13","author":"Novak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2005.09.018","article-title":"GAD65- and proinsulin-specific CD4+ T-cells detected by MHC class II tetramers in peripheral blood of type 1 diabetes patients and at-risk subjects","volume":"25","author":"Oling","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4861","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.9.4861","article-title":"Staining of celiac disease-relevant T cells by peptide-DQ2 multimers","volume":"167","author":"Quarsten","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4244","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.8.4244","article-title":"HLA-DQ tetramers identify epitope-specific T cells in peripheral blood of herpes simplex virus type 2-infected individuals: direct detection of immunodominant antigen-responsive cells","volume":"164","author":"Kwok","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521661606009041?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521661606009041?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T11:50:30Z","timestamp":1547207430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521661606009041"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521661606009041"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2006.09.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6616"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6616","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]}}}