{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T22:40:01Z","timestamp":1778539201405,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,1]],"date-time":"2007-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1188604800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,30]],"date-time":"2007-06-30T11:20:29Z","timestamp":1183202429000},"page":"294-303","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Active vaccination in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Goldacker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Draeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Warnatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Huzly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Salzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Thiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Eibel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Schlesier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.H.","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Primary immunodeficiency diseases. Report of an IUIS Scientific Committee. International Union of Immunological Societies","volume":"118","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2003.02110.x","article-title":"Primary immunodeficiency diseases: an update","volume":"132","author":"Chapel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1999.4725","article-title":"Common variable immunodeficiency: clinical and immunological features of 248 patients","volume":"92","author":"Cunningham-Rundles","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/ni902","article-title":"Homozygous loss of ICOS is associated with adult-onset common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"4","author":"Grimbacher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1600","article-title":"Mutations in TNFRSF13B encoding TACI are associated with common variable immunodeficiency in humans","volume":"37","author":"Salzer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051568","article-title":"An antibody-deficiency syndrome due to mutations in the CD19 gene","volume":"354","author":"van Zelm","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(90)90145-G","article-title":"Classification of patients with common variable immunodeficiency by B cell secretion of IgM and IgG in response to anti-IgM and interleukin-2","volume":"56","author":"Bryant","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.5.1544","article-title":"Severe deficiency of switched memory B cells (CD27(+)IgM(\u2212) IgD(\u2212)) in subgroups of patients with common variable immunodeficiency: a new approach to classify a heterogeneous disease","volume":"99","author":"Warnatz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025373601374","article-title":"Common variable immunodeficiency patient classification based on impaired B cell memory differentiation correlates with clinical aspects","volume":"23","author":"Piqueras","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(76)90173-X","article-title":"Idiopathic late-onset immunoglobulin deficiency. Clinical observations in 50 patients","volume":"61","author":"Hermans","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.4.9910088","article-title":"Utility of the antibody response to a conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine for diagnosis of primary humoral immunodeficiency","volume":"162","author":"Rodrigo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2001.01117.x","article-title":"Current perspectives on common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)","volume":"31","author":"Spickett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2004.02.011","article-title":"Immunoglobulin therapy to control lung damage in patients with common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"4","author":"De Gracia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2005.03.019","article-title":"Immune competence and switched memory B cells in common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"116","author":"Ko","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)62149-7","article-title":"Antibody response in common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"90","author":"Al Herz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy, Asthma, Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.2001.5052","article-title":"Long-term low-dose IL-2 enhances immune function in common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"100","author":"Cunningham-Rundles","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.07.003","article-title":"Combined decrease of defined B and T cell subsets in a group of common variable immunodeficiency patients","volume":"121","author":"Moratto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20022020","article-title":"Human immunoglobulin M memory B cells controlling Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are generated in the spleen","volume":"197","author":"Kruetzmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3647","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-01-0346","article-title":"Human blood IgM \u201cmemory\u201d B cells are circulating splenic marginal zone B cells harboring a prediversified immunoglobulin repertoire","volume":"104","author":"Weller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1992.tb06933.x","article-title":"Possible role of IL-2 deficiency for hypogammaglobulinaemia in patients with common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"89","author":"Rump","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib21","first-page":"227","article-title":"Empfehlungen der staendigen Impfkommission am Robert-Koch-Institut","volume":"28","author":"STIKO","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.2.5.590-597.1995","article-title":"Assignment of weight-based antibody units to a human antipneumococcal standard reference serum, lot 89-S","volume":"2","author":"Quataert","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib23","first-page":"1203","article-title":"Immunization of patients with rheumatoid arthritis against influenza: a study of vaccine safety and immunogenicity","volume":"21","author":"Chalmers","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(96)70244-0","article-title":"Anti-pneumococcal antibody response in normal subjects: a meta-analysis","volume":"98","author":"Go","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70089-2","article-title":"Influence of age on the response to Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine in patients with recurrent infections and normal immunoglobulin concentrations","volume":"102","author":"Sorensen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib26","first-page":"97","article-title":"Zur Impfung gegen Pneumokokken-Infektionen","volume":"12","author":"Robert-Koch-Institut","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib27","first-page":"353","article-title":"Hinweise zu Impfungen f\u00fcr Patienten mit Immundefizienz","volume":"39","author":"STIKO","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00073204","article-title":"Impaired pneumococcal antibody response in bronchiectasis of unknown aetiology","volume":"25","author":"van Kessel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.10.048","article-title":"The loss of IgM memory B cells correlates with clinical disease in common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"115","author":"Carsetti","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.8.2.266-272.2001","article-title":"Pneumococcal type 22f polysaccharide absorption improves the specificity of a pneumococcal\u2013polysaccharide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay","volume":"8","author":"Concepcion","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib31","first-page":"1","article-title":"WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization","volume":"927","year":"2005","journal-title":"W.H.O. Tech. Rep. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.0109.x","article-title":"Peripheral development of B cells in mouse and man","volume":"197","author":"Carsetti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1650","article-title":"Sphingosine 1-phosphate and its receptors: an autocrine and paracrine network","volume":"5","author":"Rosen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev., Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1038\/35051113","article-title":"ICOS is essential for effective T-helper-cell responses","volume":"409","author":"Tafuri","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3045","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-07-2955","article-title":"Human ICOS deficiency abrogates the germinal center reaction and provides a monogenic model for common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"107","author":"Warnatz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.04.574","article-title":"Regulation of T:B cell interactions by the inducible costimulator molecule: does ICOS \u201cinduce\u201d disease?","volume":"121","author":"Shilling","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200324381","article-title":"The human antibody response to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides is dependent on the CD40\u2013CD40 ligand interaction","volume":"34","author":"Jeurissen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06513.x","article-title":"Intestinal B cell defects in common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"95","author":"Herbst","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6101(03)00023-6","article-title":"The TNF family members BAFF and APRIL: the growing complexity","volume":"14","author":"Mackay","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20032000","article-title":"TACI and BAFF-R mediate isotype switching in B cells","volume":"201","author":"Castigli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."}],"container-title":["Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521661607011801?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521661607011801?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]],"date-time":"2020-04-23T21:45:09Z","timestamp":1587678309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521661607011801"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521661607011801"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6616"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6616","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]}}}