{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T19:33:58Z","timestamp":1784921638430,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T03:45:40Z","timestamp":1594784740000},"page":"108537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The cutaneous and intestinal microbiome in psoriatic disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"218","author":[{"given":"Stephanie T.","family":"Le","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atrin","family":"Toussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Maverakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina I.","family":"Marusina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virgina R.","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander A.","family":"Merleev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Luxardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siba P.","family":"Raychaudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanual","family":"Maverakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2015.07.006","article-title":"Pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis","volume":"41","author":"Barnas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheum. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2015.07.013","article-title":"Etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis","volume":"41","author":"Boehncke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheum. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20102432","article-title":"Dysbiosis disrupts gut immune homeostasis and promotes gastric diseases","volume":"20","author":"Toor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.180133","article-title":"The microbiome in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: the skin perspective","volume":"94","author":"Thio","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0025","article-title":"Psoriatic lesions are characterized by higher bacterial load and imbalance between cutibacterium and corynebacterium","author":"Quan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12253-y","article-title":"Microbe-host interplay in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis","volume":"10","author":"Fyhrquist","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-2618-1-31","article-title":"Community differentiation of the cutaneous microbiota in psoriasis","volume":"1","author":"Alekseyenko","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microbiome."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-011-1189-x","article-title":"Comparison of bacterial microbiota in skin biopsies from normal and psoriatic skin","volume":"304","author":"Fahl\u00e9n","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002719","article-title":"Substantial alterations of the cutaneous bacterial biota in psoriatic lesions","volume":"3","author":"Gao","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12253-y","article-title":"Microbe-host interplay in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis","volume":"10","author":"Fyhrquist","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21041205","article-title":"The role of the cutaneous microbiome in hidradenitis suppurativa-light at the end of the microbiological tunnel","volume":"21","author":"Langan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17989","article-title":"Combined culture and metagenomic analyses reveal significant shifts in the composition of the cutaneous microbiome in psoriasis","author":"Langan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep02620","article-title":"Microbiomic signatures of psoriasis: feasibility and methodology comparison","volume":"3","author":"Statnikov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1159\/000455840","article-title":"Psoriasis and obesity","volume":"232","author":"Jensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3875-3","article-title":"Human microbiome, infections, and rheumatic disease","volume":"36","author":"Caminer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2018.07.009","article-title":"The gut microbiome in obesity","volume":"118","author":"Tseng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Formos. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0085","first-page":"73","article-title":"Psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease: links and risks","volume":"6","author":"Vlachos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psoriasis (Auckl)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00007","article-title":"Bacterial dysbiosis and translocation in psoriasis vulgaris","volume":"9","author":"Visser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2014.03.019","article-title":"Relationship between gut microbiota and development of T cell associated disease","volume":"588","author":"Kosiewicz","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14933","article-title":"Psoriatic patients have a distinct structural and functional fecal microbiota compared with controls","volume":"46","author":"Shapiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm6070068","article-title":"Pathogenic role of IL-17-producing immune cells in obesity, and related inflammatory diseases","volume":"6","author":"Chehimi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.02.040","article-title":"Interleukin 17, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk in patients with psoriasis","volume":"79","author":"Lockshin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2017.07.011","article-title":"IL-17A-dependent gut microbiota is essential for regulating diet-induced disorders in mice","volume":"62","author":"Bi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1080\/14712598.2018.1492545","article-title":"Ustekinumab for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a drug evaluation and literature review","volume":"18","author":"Thibodaux","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert. Opin. Biol. Ther."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1159\/000501990","article-title":"Secukinumab for psoriasis in obese patients: minireview and clinical experience","volume":"11","author":"Tiberio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Case Rep. Dermatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38892","article-title":"Decreased bacterial diversity characterizes the altered gut microbiota in patients with psoriatic arthritis, resembling dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"67","author":"Scher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13786","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota profiling and predicted metabolic dysregulation in psoriasis patients","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22125-y","article-title":"Gut microbial composition in patients with psoriasis","volume":"8","author":"Codo\u00f1er","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0145","article-title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis in a cohort of patients with psoriasis","author":"Hidalgo-Cantabrana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.5897\/AJMR2016.8046","article-title":"Gut bacterial microbiota in psoriasis: a case control study","volume":"10","author":"Masallat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Afr. J. Microbiol. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-018-9376-6","article-title":"Dysbiosis of gut microbiota was closely associated with psoriasis","volume":"62","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. China Life Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2018.10.4.354","article-title":"Microbiome in the gut-skin axis in atopic dermatitis","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00900-1","article-title":"The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","volume":"8","author":"Jie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtauto.2019.100009","article-title":"The skin microbiome in psoriatic disease: a systematic review and critical appraisal","author":"Yerushalmi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Transl. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.180135","article-title":"The role of the microbiome in gut and joint inflammation in psoriatic arthritis and spondyloarthritis","volume":"94","author":"Gilis","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol. Suppl."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4228","article-title":"Microbes, the gut and ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"15","author":"Costello","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.2.348-369.2004","article-title":"HLA-B27-associated reactive arthritis: pathogenetic and clinical considerations","volume":"17","author":"Colmegna","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-013-0407-2","article-title":"The microbiome and psoriatic arthritis","volume":"16","author":"Eppinga","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000070","article-title":"Relevance of the gut\/joint axis for the management of spondyloarthritis in daily clinical practice","volume":"26","author":"Cypers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000681","article-title":"The gut microbiome-joint connection: implications in osteoarthritis","volume":"32","author":"Favazzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-074937","article-title":"The microbiome in infectious disease and inflammation","volume":"30","author":"Honda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39649","article-title":"Interleukin-9 overexpression and Th9 polarization characterize the inflamed gut, the synovial tissue, and the peripheral blood of patients with psoriatic arthritis","volume":"68","author":"Ciccia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2019.05.007","article-title":"A cross talk between dysbiosis and gut-associated immune system governs the development of inflammatory arthropathies","author":"Kalinkovich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39964","article-title":"Functional significance of interleukin-9 and its receptor system in the pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis: comment on the article by ciccia et al","volume":"69","author":"Raychaudhuri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.180134","article-title":"The microbiome in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: joints","volume":"94","author":"Scher","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol. Suppl."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-0395-3","article-title":"Pharmacomicrobiomics in inflammatory arthritis: gut microbiome as modulator of therapeutic response","volume":"16","author":"Scher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-019-00849-7","article-title":"Gut microbiome in psoriasis is perturbed differently during secukinumab and ustekinumab therapy and associated with response to treatment","volume":"39","author":"Yeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Drug Investig."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases6020047","article-title":"Psoriasis and microbiota: a systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Benhadou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfda.2016.06.003","article-title":"Lactobacillus pentosus GMNL-77 inhibits skin lesions in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mice","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Food Drug Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14016","article-title":"Targeting the gut-skin axis-probiotics as new tools for skin disorder management?","author":"Sz\u00e1nt\u00f3","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.25487","article-title":"Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 modulates host inflammatory processes beyond the gut","volume":"4","author":"Groeger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0260","first-page":"514","article-title":"Faecal microbiota transplantation for Clostridium difficile infection resulting in a decrease in psoriatic arthritis disease activity","volume":"37","author":"Selvanderan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3074","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v7.i19.3074","article-title":"Hair regrowth following fecal microbiota transplantation in an elderly patient with alopecia areata: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"7","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J. Clin. Cases"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2018.1517044","article-title":"Microbial modulation of the gut microbiome for treating autoimmune diseases","volume":"12","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.09.017","article-title":"Microbiome 101: studying, analyzing, and interpreting gut microbiome data for clinicians","volume":"17","author":"Allaband","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."}],"container-title":["Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521661620304332?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521661620304332?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T16:01:00Z","timestamp":1761494460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521661620304332"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S1521661620304332"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6616"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6616","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The cutaneous and intestinal microbiome in psoriatic disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108537","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108537"}}