{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T16:18:36Z","timestamp":1776788316808,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:31:00Z","timestamp":1771288260000},"page":"110681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The efficacy of rituximab plus telitacicept in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: A retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"284","author":[{"given":"Liqin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunli","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0156-8","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric lupus: new mechanistic insights and future treatment directions","volume":"15","author":"Schwartz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-024-01163-z","article-title":"Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric lupus","volume":"20","author":"Legge","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.057885","article-title":"Efficacy of rituximab (anti-CD20) for refractory systemic lupus erythematosus involving the central nervous system","volume":"66","author":"Tokunaga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000570","article-title":"Utility and safety of rituximab in pediatric autoimmune and inflammatory CNS disease","volume":"83","author":"Dale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01591-1","article-title":"Telitacicept: first approval","volume":"81","author":"Dhillon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2023-224854","article-title":"Telitacicept in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: results of a phase 2b, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"83","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.978910","article-title":"Exploring the risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus: a single-center case-control study","volume":"13","author":"Su","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0040","first-page":"288","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000","volume":"29","author":"Gladman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02138","article-title":"Factors affecting early antibody secreting cell maturation into long-lived plasma cells","volume":"10","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2024-225727","article-title":"B-cell depletion in autoimmune diseases","volume":"83","author":"Schett","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abc3961","article-title":"Rituximab-resistant splenic memory B cells and newly engaged naive B cells fuel relapses in patients with immune thrombocytopenia","volume":"13","author":"Crickx","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_312_19","article-title":"Development of anti-rituximab antibodies in rituximab-treated patients: related parameters & consequences","volume":"155","author":"Saffari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.03069","article-title":"Neutralizing anti-rituximab antibodies and relapse in membranous nephropathy treated with rituximab","volume":"10","author":"Boyer-Suavet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104343","article-title":"Comprehensive genetic and functional analyses of Fc gamma receptors influence on response to rituximab therapy for autoimmunity","volume":"86","author":"Robinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205474","article-title":"Effect of concomitant statins on rituximab efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"73","author":"Lehane","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2572","article-title":"Cracking the BAFF code","volume":"9","author":"Mackay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0085","article-title":"The role of B cell-activating factor system in autoimmune diseases: mechanisms, disease implications, and therapeutic advances","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R97","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2484","article-title":"Raised intrathecal levels of APRIL and BAFF in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship to neuropsychiatric symptoms","volume":"10","author":"George-Chandy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2010.550900","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid levels of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are increased in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"40","author":"Hopia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand. J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1080\/08923973.2021.1973493","article-title":"Telitacicept as a BLyS\/APRIL dual inhibitor for autoimmune disease","volume":"43","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.18","article-title":"The BAFFling effects of rituximab in lupus: danger ahead?","volume":"12","author":"Ehrenstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-2078","article-title":"Effectiveness of belimumab after rituximab in systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"174","author":"Shipa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kead249","article-title":"Determinants of neuropsychiatric flares in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: results from five phase III trials of belimumab","volume":"63","author":"Palazzo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2024.103291","article-title":"Telitacicept: a novel horizon in targeting autoimmunity and rheumatic diseases","volume":"148","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5811","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S493923","article-title":"The latest progress in the application of telitacicept in autoimmune diseases","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxl080","article-title":"A BAFF antagonist suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by targeting cell-mediated and humoral immune responses","volume":"18","author":"Huntington","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.596791","article-title":"Telitacicept following plasma exchange in the treatment of subjects with recurrent NMOSD: study protocol for a single-center, single-arm, open-label study","volume":"12","author":"Ding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864241251476","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of telitacicept for refractory generalized myasthenia gravis: a retrospective study","volume":"17","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1626721","article-title":"Case report: a patient presenting primarily with psychosis of NPSLE treated with telitacicept, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants","volume":"16","author":"Xie","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.136471","article-title":"Single-cell repertoire tracing identifies rituximab-resistant B cells during myasthenia gravis relapses","volume":"5","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20032000","article-title":"TACI and BAFF-R mediate isotype switching in B cells","volume":"201","author":"Castigli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1434","article-title":"Epithelial cells trigger frontline immunoglobulin class switching through a pathway regulated by the inhibitor SLPI","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0165","article-title":"IgA2+ B cells and IgA2 anti-dsDNA antibodies are selectively targeted by belimumab after rituximab therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"6","author":"McCluskey","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kead674","article-title":"The efficacy of rituximab plus belimumab or telitacicept in refractory lupus nephritis","volume":"64","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.4169","article-title":"Association of immunoglobulin levels, infectious risk, and mortality with rituximab and hypogammaglobulinemia","volume":"1","author":"Barmettler","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"}],"container-title":["Clinical Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521661626000197?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521661626000197?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T15:28:08Z","timestamp":1776785288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521661626000197"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S1521661626000197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6616"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6616","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The efficacy of rituximab plus telitacicept in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: A retrospective study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2026.110681","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110681"}}