{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T17:53:02Z","timestamp":1793641982248,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"16-17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,26]],"date-time":"2015-04-26T01:42:55Z","timestamp":1430012575000},"page":"1200-1208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["A review on the possible molecular mechanism of action of N-acetylcysteine against insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes development"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Mohamed Montassar","family":"Lasram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ines Bini","family":"Dhouib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alya","family":"Annabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saloua","family":"El Fazaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najoua","family":"Gharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1047","article-title":"Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030","volume":"27","author":"Wild","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2005.08.010","article-title":"Hypoglycemia in Type 2 diabetic patients randomized to and maintained on monotherapy with diet, sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin for 6years from diagnosis: UKPDS73","volume":"20","author":"Wright","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000091339.70120.53","article-title":"Inflammation in the prediabetic state is related to increased insulin resistance rather than decreased insulin secretion","volume":"108","author":"Festa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.02.017","article-title":"Mechanisms for insulin resistance: common threads and missing links","volume":"148","author":"Samuel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2008.00436.x","article-title":"Poorly controlled type 1 diabetes is associated with altered glutathione homeostasis in adolescents: apparent resistance to N-acetylcysteine supplementation","volume":"9","author":"Darmaun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.12.006","article-title":"Oxidative stress, insulin signaling and diabetes","volume":"50","author":"Rains","year":"2011","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/60.11.1378","article-title":"Oxidative aging and insulin receptor signaling","volume":"60","author":"Droge","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2010.12.008","article-title":"NF-\u03baB, inflammation, and metabolic disease","volume":"13","author":"Baker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2010.01.004","article-title":"Effects of combined treatment with vitamins C and E on passive avoidance learning and memory in diabetic rats","volume":"93","author":"Hasanein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2009.03.017","article-title":"Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) exhibits significant potential as an antidiabetic and liver-protective agent in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"60","author":"Celik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345726","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine is able to reduce the oxidation status and the endothelial activation after a high-glucose content meal in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"32","author":"Masha","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-S316","article-title":"Antioxidant anti-inflammatory treatment in type 2 diabetes","volume":"32","author":"Ceriello","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0065","first-page":"962","article-title":"Laboratory and clinical evaluation of the mucolytic properties of acetylcysteine","volume":"96","author":"Hurst","year":"1967","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)90612-2","article-title":"Treatment of paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning with N-acetylcysteine","volume":"2","author":"Prescott","year":"1977","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6198.1097","article-title":"Intravenous N-acetylcysteine: the treatment of choice for paracetamol poisoning","volume":"2","author":"Prescott","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5127","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i38.5127","article-title":"N-Acetylcysteine attenuates oxidative stress and liver pathology in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"13","author":"Thong-Ngam","year":"2007","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e3181b6e77b","article-title":"Evaluation of the antioxidant properties of N-acetylcysteine in human platelets: prerequisite for bioconversion to glutathione for antioxidant and antiplatelet activity","volume":"54","author":"Gibson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02284971","article-title":"The systemic availability of oral glutathione","volume":"43","author":"Witschi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1517\/14728220802517901","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine for antioxidant therapy: pharmacology and clinical utility","volume":"8","author":"Dodd","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0100","first-page":"513","article-title":"Acetylcysteine: a drug that is much more than a mucokinetic","volume":"42","author":"Ziment","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00016804","article-title":"Antioxidant properties of N-acetylcysteine: their relevance in relation to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"23","author":"Dekhuijzen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00606662","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of N-acetylcysteine in man","volume":"31","author":"Borgstrom","year":"1986","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01061422","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of reduced and oxidized N-acetylcysteine","volume":"34","author":"Olsson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0120","first-page":"382","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral acetylcysteine in healthy volunteers","volume":"39","author":"De Caro","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arzneim-Forsch\/Drug Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/16.9.2099","article-title":"Uptake and distribution of N-acetylcysteine in mice. tissue-specific effects on glutathione concentrations","volume":"16","author":"McLellan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0130","first-page":"73","article-title":"No penetration of orally administered N-acetylcysteine into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid","volume":"70","author":"Cotgreave","year":"1987","journal-title":"Eur J Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)25048-0","article-title":"Role of glutathione in prevention of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by N-acetyl-l-cysteine in vivo: studied with N-acetyl-d-cysteine","volume":"238","author":"Corcoran","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2004.09.028","article-title":"Oral or intravenous N-acetylcysteine for acetaminophen poisoning?","volume":"45","author":"Prescott","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80183-3","article-title":"Antioxidant enzyme status in biliary obstructed rats: effects of N-acetylcysteine","volume":"27","author":"Pastor","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0150","first-page":"150","volume":"141","author":"Rushworth","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/22.7.999","article-title":"Mechanisms of N-acetylcysteine in the prevention of DNA damage and cancer, with special reference to smoking-related end-points","volume":"22","author":"De Flora","year":"2001","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2012.08.003","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibits cell growth by mediating the EGFR\/Akt\/HMG box-containing protein 1 (HBP1) signaling pathway in invasive oral cancer","volume":"49","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI35722","article-title":"Prevention of hepatocarcinogenesis and increased susceptibility to acetaminophen-induced liver failure in transaldolase-deficient mice by N-acetylcysteine","volume":"119","author":"Hanczko","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24942","article-title":"Prevention of cigarette smoke-induced lung tumors in mice by budesonide, phenethyl isothiocyanate, and N-acetylcysteine","volume":"126","author":"Balansky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1039\/C1MB05315A","article-title":"Pro-oxidant and antioxidant effects of N-acetylcysteine regulate doxorubicin-induced NF-kappa B activity in leukemic cells","volume":"8","author":"Finn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Biosyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/6.12.1735","article-title":"In vivo effects of N-acetylcysteine on glutathione metabolism and on the biotransformation of carcinogenic and\/or mutagenic compounds","volume":"6","author":"De Flora","year":"1985","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2011.02344.x","article-title":"Infusion with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine attenuates early adaptive responses to exercise in human skeletal muscle","volume":"204","author":"Petersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.06.037","article-title":"The effect of N-acetylcysteine on cardiac contractility to dobutamine in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes","volume":"519","author":"Cheng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-9-23","article-title":"Comparative antilipidemic effect of N-acetylcysteine and sesame oil administration in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic mice","volume":"9","author":"Korou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2006.8.2089","article-title":"Oxidative stress and therapeutic approaches in HIV dementia","volume":"8","author":"Steiner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1080\/15027732.1986.12461423","article-title":"A double-blind, cross-over, study of oral N-acetylcysteine in Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"61","author":"Walters","year":"1986","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10071535","article-title":"Attenuation of influenza-like symptomatology and improvement of cell-mediated immunity with long-term N-acetylcysteine treatment","volume":"10","author":"De Flora","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(00)88479-9","article-title":"Efficacy of oral long-term N-acetylcysteine in chronic bronchopulmonary disease: a meta-analysis of published double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials","volume":"22","author":"Grandjean","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)92161-T","article-title":"Lipoprotein (a) reduction by N-acetylcysteine","volume":"337","author":"Gravish","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.5.1264","article-title":"Treatment of four siblings with progressive myoclonus epilepsy of the Unverricht\u2013Lundborg type with N-acetylcysteine","volume":"47","author":"Hurd","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198812153192401","article-title":"Efficacy of oral N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of acetaminophen overdose","volume":"319","author":"Smilkstein","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(86)90331-5","article-title":"Experimental chelation therapy in chromium, lead, and boron intoxication with N-acetylcysteine and other compounds","volume":"83","author":"Banner","year":"1986","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.11.13.9367343","article-title":"Role of cysteine and glutathione in HIV infection and other diseases associated with muscle wasting and immunological dysfunction","volume":"11","author":"Dr\u00f6ge","year":"1997","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0245","first-page":"114","article-title":"Clinical applications of N-acetylcysteine","volume":"3","author":"Kelly","year":"1998","journal-title":"Altern Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0250","first-page":"642","article-title":"Increase in glucose consumption by acetylcysteine during hyperglycemic clamp. A study with healthy volunteers","volume":"42","author":"Ammon","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arzneimittelforschung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.13.1845","article-title":"Supplementation of N-acetylcysteine inhibits NF-kappaB activation and protects against alloxan-induced diabetes in CD-1 mice","volume":"13","author":"Ho","year":"1999","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.12.2398","article-title":"Beneficial effects of antioxidants in diabetes: possible protection of pancreatic beta-cells against glucose toxicity","volume":"48","author":"Kaneto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10857","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.19.10857","article-title":"Prevention of glucose toxicity in HIT-T15 cells and Zucker diabetic fatty rats by antioxidants","volume":"96","author":"Tanaka","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2004.12.018","article-title":"Chronic N-acetylcysteine prevents fructose-induced insulin resistance and hypertension in rats","volume":"508","author":"Song","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.05.039","article-title":"Effects of N-acetylcysteine on sucrose-rich diet-induced hyperglycaemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in rats","volume":"543","author":"Diniz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2007.01.006","article-title":"Dietary cysteine alleviates sucrose-induced oxidative stress and insulin resistance","volume":"42","author":"Blouet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.05.006","article-title":"Blockade of sensory abnormalities and kinin B1 receptor expression by N-Acetyl-l-Cysteine and ramipril in a rat model of insulin resistance","volume":"589","author":"Ismael","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.08.044","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine attenuates TNF-alpha-induced human vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and restores eNOS expression","volume":"550","author":"Xia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00355.2002","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine and taurine prevent hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance in vivo: possible role of oxidative stress","volume":"285","author":"Haber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-004-1305-4","article-title":"Effect of five cysteine containing compounds on three lipogenic enzymes in Balb\/cA mice consuming a high saturated fat diet","volume":"39","author":"Lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2005.07.011","article-title":"Antiatherogenic effects of S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine in hypercholesterolemic LDL receptor knockout mice","volume":"14","author":"Krieger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2006.08.018","article-title":"Effect of antioxidant capacity on blood lipid metabolism and lipoprotein lipase activity of rats fed a high-fat diet","volume":"22","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0315","first-page":"1","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine an Allium plant compound improves high-sucrose diet-induced obesity and related effects","volume":"11","author":"Souza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2001-0037","article-title":"The role of the high-density lipoprotein receptor SR-BI in the lipid metabolism of endocrine and other tissues","volume":"24","author":"Rigotti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2003.010","article-title":"Plasma lipid composition and LDL oxidation","volume":"41","author":"Brizzi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-200306000-00008","article-title":"Lipotoxicity: when tissues overeat","volume":"14","author":"Schaffer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1139\/Y08-090","article-title":"Comparative effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine and ramipril on arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress in chronically glucose-fed rats","volume":"86","author":"El Midaoui","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.03.059","article-title":"Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance","volume":"132","author":"Shoelson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2012.10.004","article-title":"Oxidative stress and cancer: an overview","volume":"12","author":"Sosa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2007.2013","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction: from molecular mechanisms to measurement, clinical implications, and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"10","author":"Le Brocq","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-5441-0_21","article-title":"Oxidative stress in diabetes","volume":"771","author":"Stadler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9017","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)86803-5","article-title":"The insulin-like effect of hydrogen peroxide on pathways of lipid synthesis in rat adipocytes","volume":"254","author":"May","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2880631","article-title":"The insulinomimetic agents H2O2 and vanadate stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of potential target proteins for the insulin receptor kinase in intact cells","volume":"288","author":"Heffetz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3360241","article-title":"The activation of protein kinase B by H2O2 or heat shock is mediated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase and not by mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2","volume":"336","author":"Shaw","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0962-8924(01)02207-3","article-title":"Insulin signaling pathways in time and space","volume":"12","author":"Saltiel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00462.2002","article-title":"Protein tyrosine phosphatases: the quest for negative regulators of insulin action","volume":"284","author":"Asante-Appiah","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2004.10.019","article-title":"Positive and negative regulation of insulin signaling through IRS-1 phosphorylation","volume":"87","author":"Gual","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.06.019","article-title":"Reduction of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by peroxynitrite is concurrent with tyrosine nitration of insulin receptor substrate-1","volume":"320","author":"Nomiyama","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(89)90066-X","article-title":"The antioxidant action of N-acetylcysteine: its reaction with hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, superoxide, and hypochlorous acid","volume":"6","author":"Aruoma","year":"1989","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0400","first-page":"4117","article-title":"The chemistry and biological activities of N-acetylcysteine","volume":"2013","author":"Samuni","year":"1830","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(88)90176-1","article-title":"Promotion of cysteine uptake and its utilization for glutathione biosynthesis induced by cysteamine and N-acetylcysteine","volume":"37","author":"Issels","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01649460","article-title":"GSH rescue by N-acetylcysteine","volume":"69","author":"Ruffmann","year":"1991","journal-title":"Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-6374(96)01771-X","article-title":"Effects of age on levels of cysteine, glutathione and related enzyme activities in livers of mice and rats and an attempt to replenish hepatic glutathione level of mouse with cysteine derivatives","volume":"90","author":"Nakata","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(91)90284-5","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine","volume":"91","author":"Bernard","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1139\/y99-067","article-title":"The HISS story overview: a novel hepatic neurohumoral regulation of peripheral insulin sensitivity in health and diabetes","volume":"77","author":"Lautt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00085.2004","article-title":"Insulin sensitivity is mediated by the activation of the ACh\/NO\/cGMP pathway in rat liver","volume":"287","author":"Guarino","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2992","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI34260","article-title":"Insulin sensitivity: modulation by nutrients and inflammation","volume":"118","author":"Schenk","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0263","article-title":"Adipose tissue: from lipid storage compartment to endocrine organ","volume":"55","author":"Scherer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2008.07.002","article-title":"The adipocyte as an endocrine cell","volume":"37","author":"Halberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2889","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800178105","article-title":"miR-17-92 cluster accelerates adipocyte differentiation by negatively regulating tumor-suppressor Rb2\/p130","volume":"105","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"5091","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7678183","article-title":"Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance","volume":"259","author":"Hotamisligil","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.3.812","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines and the risk to develop type 2 diabetes: results of the prospective population-based European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)\u2014Potsdam Study","volume":"52","author":"Spranger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3071","article-title":"Macrophage\u00admediated inflammation in metabolic disease","volume":"11","author":"Chawla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01137","article-title":"A central role for JNK is obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"420","author":"Hirosumi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.8.2351","article-title":"Increased p85\/55\/50 expression and decreased phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase activity in insulin-resistant human skeletal muscle","volume":"54","author":"Bandyopadhyay","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117936","article-title":"Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 in human obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"95","author":"Hotamisligil","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.7.2005","article-title":"Lipid-induced insulin resistance in human muscle is associated with changes in diacylglycerol, protein kinase C, and IkappaB-alpha","volume":"51","author":"Itani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(96)03520-2","article-title":"Immunomodulatory and protective effects of N-acetylcysteine in mitogen-activated murine splenocytes in vitro","volume":"116","author":"Omara","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2866","article-title":"The influence of N-acetyl-l-cysteine infusion on cytokine levels and gastric intramucosal pH during severe sepsis","volume":"8","author":"Emet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2009.00073","article-title":"Effect of oral N-acetylcysteine treatment on plasma inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in peritoneal dialysis patients: a placebo-controlled study","volume":"30","author":"Nascimento","year":"2010","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20087","article-title":"Administration of N-acetylcysteine after focal cerebral ischemia protects brain and reduces inflammation in a rat model of experimental stroke","volume":"76","author":"Khan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716458","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/716458","article-title":"Inhibitory effect on cerebral inflammatory response following traumatic brain injury in rats: a potential neuroprotective mechanism of N-acetylcysteine","volume":"2008","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.12.011","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide-induced peroxisomal dysfunction exacerbates cerebral white matter injury: attenuation by N-acetylcysteine","volume":"210","author":"Paintlia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.06.082","article-title":"N-acetyl-cysteine suppresses amniotic fluid and placenta inflammatory cytokine responses to lipopolysaccharide in rats","volume":"194","author":"Beloosesky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(02)00743-8","article-title":"N-acetyl-l-cysteine inhibits 26S proteosome function: implications for effects on NF-kappaB activation","volume":"32","author":"Pajonk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)01464-2","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine suppresses TNF-induced NF-kappaB activation through inhibition of IkappaB kinases","volume":"472","author":"Oka","year":"2000","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.2000.8957","article-title":"Activation of NF-jB by PM(10) occurs via an iron-mediated mechanism in the absence of IjB degradation","volume":"166","author":"Jimenez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s000180300001","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of N-acetylcysteine actions","volume":"60","author":"Zafarullah","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0545","first-page":"36","article-title":"Understanding and assessing diabetes-specific quality of life","volume":"13","author":"Polonsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Spectr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.44.3.249","article-title":"Dynamics of \u03b2-cell mass in the growing rat pancreas: estimation with a simple mathematical model","volume":"44","author":"Finegood","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.1.66","article-title":"\u03b2-Cell death and mass in syngeneically transplanted islets exposed to short- and long-term hyperglycaemia","volume":"51","author":"Biarn\u00e9s","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0560","first-page":"333","article-title":"Does N-acetyl cysteine protect against apoptosis in HL60 cell line?","volume":"35","author":"Aksoy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Turk J Biochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1994.01420260030003","article-title":"Antioxidants modulate induction of programmed endothelial cell death apoptosis by endotoxin","volume":"129","author":"Abello","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.15.5.2359","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis in human neuronal cells: protection by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine and the genes bcl-2, and cmui","volume":"15","author":"Talley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2003.18.5.649","article-title":"Effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine and glutathione on antioxidant status of human serum and 3T3 fibroblasts","volume":"18","author":"Hong","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4165(97)00144-X","article-title":"Concentration-dependent differential effect of N-acetylc-l-cysteine on the expression of HSP70 and metallothionein genes induced by cadmium in human amniotic cells","volume":"1380","author":"Abe","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.087601","article-title":"Protection against cisplatin-induced toxicities by N-acetylcysteine and sodium thiosulfate as assessed at the molecular, cellular and in vivo levels","volume":"314","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e32503","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032503","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine protects against apoptosis through modulation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptor activity","volume":"7","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2014.02.015","article-title":"Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine against monosodium glutamate-induced astrocytic cell death","volume":"67","author":"Park","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270512","article-title":"Effect of antioxidants resveratrol, quercetin, and N-acetylcysteine, on the functions of cultured rat hepatic stellate cells and Kupffer cells","volume":"27","author":"Kawada","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1021\/tx034202v","article-title":"The protective role of intracellular GSH status in the arsenite-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction","volume":"17","author":"Tsou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.10638","article-title":"Curcumin inhibits UV irradiation-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic biochemical changes in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells","volume":"90","author":"Chan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.114678","article-title":"Inhibition of acrolein-induced apoptosis by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine","volume":"321","author":"Tanel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00175.2005","article-title":"Contraction signaling to glucose transport in skeletal muscle","volume":"99","author":"Jessen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J App Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)02554-7","article-title":"Pathogenesis of skeletal muscle insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"90","author":"Petersen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2005.7.1553","article-title":"Proposed mechanisms for the induction of insulin resistance by oxidative stress","volume":"7","author":"Bloch-Damti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.05.043","article-title":"N-Acetylcysteine and allopurinol up-regulated the Jak\/STAT3 and PI3K\/Akt pathways via adiponectin and attenuated myocardial postischemic injury in diabetes","volume":"63","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00368-3","article-title":"Suppression of NF-\u03baB activation and cytokine production by N-acetylcysteine in pancreatic acinar cells","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05850.x","article-title":"H2O2 and antioxidants have opposite effects on activation of NF-KB and AP-1 in intact cells: AP-1 as secondary antioxidant-responsive factor","volume":"12","author":"Meyer","year":"1993","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1994.1096","article-title":"The redox active components H2O2 and N-acetyl-l-cysteine regulate expression of c-jun and c-fos in lens systems","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"1994","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.10.7.8635688","article-title":"Antioxidant and redox regulation of gene transcription","volume":"10","author":"Sen","year":"1996","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1996.tb16034.x","article-title":"Evidence for N-acetylcysteine sensitive nitric oxide storage as dinitrosyl-iron complexes in lipopolysaccharide-treated rat aorta","volume":"119","author":"Muller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1997.00045.x","article-title":"Antioxidants as well as oxidants activate c-fos via Ras-dependent activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 2 and Elk-1","volume":"244","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2009.2956","article-title":"Low levels of hydrogen sulfide in the blood of diabetes patients and streptozotocin-treated rats causes vascular inflammation?","volume":"12","author":"Jain","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1761-5","article-title":"Adiposity is a major determinant of plasma levels of the novel vasodilator hydrogen sulphide","volume":"53","author":"Whiteman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1006","article-title":"Glutathione synthesis is diminished in patients with uncontrolled diabetes and restored by dietary supplementation with cysteine and glycine","volume":"34","author":"Sekhar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5017","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005017","article-title":"Cysteine redox potential determines pro-inflammatory IL-1beta levels","volume":"4","author":"Iyer","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39848","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.270884","volume":"286","author":"Manna","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5535","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0150","article-title":"Pancreatic islets from type 2 diabetic patients have functional defects and increased apoptosis that are ameliorated by metformin","volume":"89","author":"Marchetti","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.3.727","article-title":"Functional and molecular defects of pancreatic islets in human type 2 diabetes","volume":"54","author":"Del Guerra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31099","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M104115200","article-title":"Activation of the hexosamine pathway leads to deterioration of pancreatic \u03b2-cell function by provoking oxidative stress","volume":"276","author":"Kaneto","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.05.002","article-title":"Hyperglycemia-induced alterations in synaptosomal membrane fluidity and activity of membrane bound enzymes: beneficial effect of N-acetylcysteine supplementation","volume":"162","author":"Kamboj","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017_bb0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2010.09.014","article-title":"Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine supplementation on mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial enzymes in cerebral cortex of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats","volume":"11","author":"Kamboj","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"}],"container-title":["Clinical Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009912015001411?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009912015001411?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]],"date-time":"2025-09-14T15:47:51Z","timestamp":1757864871000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0009912015001411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"references-count":143,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16-17","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0009912015001411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-9120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-9120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A review on the possible molecular mechanism of action of N-acetylcysteine against insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes development","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Biochemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.04.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}