{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T02:31:08Z","timestamp":1776306668826,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,15]],"date-time":"2017-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,2]],"date-time":"2017-12-02T02:19:02Z","timestamp":1512181142000},"page":"73-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Lowered reference limits for hCG improve follow-up of patients with hCG-producing tumors"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Ragnhild V.","family":"Nome","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trine","family":"Bj\u00f8ro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9746-6680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Paus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Bjerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie D.","family":"Foss\u00e5","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Steen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kjell","family":"Nustad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nils","family":"Bolstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3388","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.26.4481","article-title":"American society of clinical oncology clinical practice guideline on uses of serum tumor markers in adult males with germ cell tumors","volume":"28","author":"Gilligan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.05.026","article-title":"Formalised consensus of the European organisation for treatment of trophoblastic diseases on management of gestational trophoblastic diseases","volume":"51","author":"Bolze","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/38.10.1981","article-title":"Concentrations of human choriogonadotropin, its beta-subunit, and the core fragment of the beta-subunit in serum and urine of men and nonpregnant women","volume":"38","author":"Alfthan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.100305","article-title":"Use of serum fsh to identify perimenopausal women with pituitary hcg","volume":"54","author":"Gronowski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.053595","article-title":"Diagnostic considerations in the measurement of human chorionic gonadotropin in aging women","volume":"51","author":"Snyder","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-64-4-730","article-title":"Serum levels of human chorionic gonadotropin in nonpregnant women and men are modulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone and sex steroids","volume":"64","author":"Stenman","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.088518","article-title":"Increased human chorionic gonadotropin due to hypogonadism after treatment of a testicular seminoma","volume":"53","author":"Lempiainen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19871115)60:10<2489::AID-CNCR2820601024>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"False elevations of human chorionic gonadotropin associated to iatrogenic hypogonadism in gonadal germ cell tumors","volume":"60","author":"Germa","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)56283-7","article-title":"Falsely positive specific human chorionic gonadotropin assays in patients with testicular tumors: conversion to negative with testosterone administration","volume":"122","author":"Catalona","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.105601","article-title":"National academy of clinical biochemistry laboratory medicine practice guidelines for use of tumor markers in testicular, prostate, colorectal, breast, and ovarian cancers","volume":"54","author":"Sturgeon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2011.09.037","article-title":"Hcg, five independent molecules","volume":"413","author":"Cole","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1080\/00365510410006694","article-title":"Nordic reference interval project bio-bank and database (nobida): a source for future estimation and retrospective evaluation of reference intervals","volume":"64","author":"Rustad","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.51.2715","article-title":"Longitudinal serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone levels in a population-based sample of long-term testicular cancer survivors","volume":"32","author":"Sprauten","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0070","unstructured":"Roche Diagnostics M, Germany; 2010. Cat.no 03271749190. Elecsys hcg+beta [package insert cobas e601]. Vol. June 2017. https:\/\/dialog1.roche.com\/gb\/en_us\/elabdoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0075","first-page":"29","article-title":"Serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels in women aged 35-60 in the U.S. population: the third national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES III, 1988\u20131994)","volume":"6","author":"Backer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1258\/175404507780456719","article-title":"Management of premature menopause","volume":"13","author":"Pitkin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Menopause Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0911101","article-title":"Identification of late-onset hypogonadism in middle-aged and elderly men","volume":"363","author":"FC","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0090","first-page":"S49","article-title":"Limit of blank, limit of detection and limit of quantitation","volume":"29","author":"Armbruster","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0095","unstructured":"Roche Diagnostics M GCn. Elecsys hcg+beta [package insert cobas e 801] Vol. https:\/\/dialog1.roche.com\/gb\/en_us\/elabdoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mds579","article-title":"Maintaining success, reducing treatment burden, focusing on survivorship: highlights from the third european consensus conference on diagnosis and treatment of germ-cell cancer","volume":"24","author":"Beyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-69-3-528","article-title":"Pulsatile secretion of chorionic gonadotropin during the normal menstrual cycle","volume":"69","author":"Odell","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/S0302-2838(03)00263-X","article-title":"Gonadal hormones in long-term survivors 10 years after treatment for unilateral testicular cancer","volume":"44","author":"Nord","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2016.06.012","article-title":"Associations between long-term serum platinum and neurotoxicity and ototoxicity, endocrine gonadal function, and cardiovascular disease in testicular cancer survivors","volume":"34","author":"Hjelle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Urol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19920401)69:7<1818::AID-CNCR2820690726>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Flow cytometry method for the analysis of membrane-associated human chorionic gonadotropin, its subunits, and fragments on human cancer cells","volume":"69","author":"Acevedo","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-014-2237-6","article-title":"Tgf-beta-induced hcg-beta regulates redox homeostasis in glioma cells","volume":"399","author":"Ahmad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(98)00016-3","article-title":"Human urothelial carcinomas\u2014a typical disease of the aged: the clinical utility of human chorionic gonadotrophin in patient management and future therapy","volume":"33","author":"Iles","year":"1998","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016_bb0135","first-page":"4628","article-title":"Elevation of free beta subunit of human choriogonadotropin and core beta fragment of human choriogonadotropin in the serum and urine of patients with malignant pancreatic and biliary disease","volume":"52","author":"Alfthan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Res."}],"container-title":["Clinical Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009912017308767?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009912017308767?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]],"date-time":"2025-09-14T15:52:28Z","timestamp":1757865148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0009912017308767"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["S0009912017308767"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-9120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-9120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Lowered reference limits for hCG improve follow-up of patients with hCG-producing tumors","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Biochemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.11.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Oslo University Hospital. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}