{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:50:27Z","timestamp":1790682627326,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T15:01:13Z","timestamp":1674054073000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Impaired kynurenine metabolism in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Duygu","family":"Eryavuz Onmaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilek","family":"Tezcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sedat","family":"Abusoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Firdevs","family":"Sak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Humeyra Yerlikaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sema","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gulsum","family":"Abusoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muslu","family":"Kazim Korez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9991-3939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Unlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000789","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2018-000789","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: state of the art on clinical practice guidelines","volume":"4","author":"Rom\u00e3o","year":"2018","journal-title":"RMD Open."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2147\/OARRR.S167783","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: links and risks","volume":"11","author":"Pasoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Access Rheumatol."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0015","first-page":"354","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"114","author":"Stefanski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dtsch. Arztebl. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.17718","article-title":"Reviewing primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: beyond the dryness - From pathophysiology to diagnosis and treatment","volume":"14","author":"Both","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16047","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.47","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Brito-Zer\u00f3n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2018.03.003","article-title":"The medical perspective of cupping therapy: effects and mechanisms of action","volume":"9","author":"Al-Bedah","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Tradit. Complement. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0035","first-page":"970","article-title":"Salivary cytokine profiles in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome differ from those in non-Sj\u00f6gren sicca in terms of TNF-\u03b1 levels and Th-1\/Th-2 ratios","volume":"29","author":"Kang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2015.07.002","article-title":"Type I and II interferon signatures in Sjogren\u2019s syndrome pathogenesis: contributions in distinct clinical phenotypes and Sjogren\u2019s related lymphomagenesis","volume":"63","author":"Nezos","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0045","unstructured":"Y.J. Ha, Y.S. Choi, E.H. Kang, J.H. Chung, S. Cha, Y.W. Song, Y.J. Lee, Increased expression of interferon-\u03bb in minor salivary glands of patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome and its synergic effect with interferon-\u03b1 on salivary gland epithelial cells, Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 36 Suppl 112(3) (2018) 31-40."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9061564","article-title":"Kynurenines in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: therapeutic perspectives","volume":"9","author":"Biernacki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00246","article-title":"Current evidence for a role of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in multiple sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Lovelace","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2005.02889.x","article-title":"Mechanisms dependent on tryptophan catabolism regulate immune responses in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"142","author":"Pertovaara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0159384","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0159384","article-title":"Metabolic profiling of systemic lupus erythematosus and comparison with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome and systemic sclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Bengtsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19123953","article-title":"Neurological and inflammatory manifestations in Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: the role of the kynurenine metabolic pathway","volume":"19","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39629","article-title":"Association of increased Treg cell levels with elevated Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity and an imbalanced kynurenine pathway in interferon-positive primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"68","author":"Maria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"#cr-split#-10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0080.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.H. Shiboski, S.C. Shiboski, R. Seror, L.A. Criswell, M. Labetoulle, T.M. Lietman, A. Rasmussen, H. Scofield, C. Vitali, S.J. Bowman, X. Mariette, t.I.S.s.S.C.W. Group, 2016 American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism Classification Criteria for Primary Sj\u00f6gren's Syndrome: A Consensus and Data-Driven Methodology Involving Three International Patient Cohorts, A & R. 69","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39859"},{"key":"#cr-split#-10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0080.2","unstructured":"(1) (2017) 35-45. 10.1002\/art.39859."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.110619","article-title":"EULAR Sjogren\u2019s syndrome disease activity index: development of a consensus systemic disease activity index for primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"69","author":"Seror","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206008","article-title":"Defining disease activity states and clinically meaningful improvement in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome with EULAR primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome disease activity (ESSDAI) and patient-reported indexes (ESSPRI)","volume":"75","author":"Seror","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.4156","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid and 5-hydroxytryptamine in human plasma by LC-MS\/MS and its application to acute myocardial infarction monitoring","volume":"32","author":"Tong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1178646917691938","article-title":"Kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism: regulatory and functional aspects","volume":"10","author":"Badawy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Tryptophan Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2771","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.31727","article-title":"Role of IDO and TDO in cancers and related diseases and the therapeutic implications","volume":"10","author":"Ye","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0135-0_32","article-title":"Kynurenine and neopterin levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis during drug treatment","volume":"527","author":"Forrest","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1178646919868978","article-title":"The plasma [Kynurenine]\/[Tryptophan] ratio and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: time for appraisal","volume":"12","author":"Badawy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Tryptophan Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdsr.2019.09.006","article-title":"B cell dysregulation in primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: a review","volume":"55","author":"Ibrahem","year":"2019","journal-title":"Jpn. Dent. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101573","article-title":"Role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and kynurenine pathway in the regulation of the aging process","volume":"75","author":"Salminen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"issue":"1957","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0130","article-title":"Kynurenic acid: the janus-faced role of an immunomodulatory tryptophan metabolite and its link to pathological conditions","volume":"8","author":"Wirthgen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2014.06.032","article-title":"The endogenous \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist kynurenic acid modulates amyloid-\u03b2-induced inflammation in BV-2 microglial cells","volume":"344","author":"Steiner","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.06.091","article-title":"Expression of functional GPR35 in human iNKT cells","volume":"398","author":"Fallarini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22021","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M603503200","article-title":"Kynurenic acid as a ligand for orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35","volume":"281","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-017-2975-3","article-title":"Kynurenic acid downregulates IL-17\/1L-23 axis in vitro","volume":"431","author":"Salimi Elizei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071603","article-title":"Role of kynurenine pathway in oxidative stress during neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"10","author":"Mor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izy103","article-title":"Tryptophan metabolism through the kynurenine pathway is associated with endoscopic inflammation in ulcerative colitis","volume":"24","author":"Sofia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-022-03170-4","article-title":"Elevated serum levels of kynurenine pathway metabolites in patients with Beh\u00e7et disease","volume":"54","author":"Eryavuz Onmaz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2005.00442.x","article-title":"Kynurenine metabolism in multiple sclerosis","volume":"112","author":"Hartai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9232-0","article-title":"Increased plasma levels of Xanthurenic and Kynurenic acids in type 2 diabetes","volume":"52","author":"Oxenkrug","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0131389","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131389","article-title":"Expression of the kynurenine pathway in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: implications for inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease","volume":"10","author":"Jones","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0185","first-page":"1","article-title":"Quinolinic Acid, an endogenous molecule combining excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and other toxic mechanisms","volume":"5","author":"P\u00e9rez-De La Cruz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Tryptophan Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00331364","article-title":"Antibodies to quinolinic acid and the determination of its cellular distribution within the rat immune system","volume":"278","author":"Moffett","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2640","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5793","article-title":"3-hydroxykynurenine suppresses CD4+ T-cell proliferation, induces T-regulatory-cell development, and prolongs corneal allograft survival","volume":"52","author":"Zaher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2371895","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2371895","article-title":"3-Hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid enhance the toxicity induced by copper in rat astrocyte culture","volume":"2017","author":"Ram\u00edrez-Ortega","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/646909","article-title":"Kynurenines with neuroactive and redox properties: relevance to aging and brain diseases","volume":"2014","author":"Reyes Ocampo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.1.419","article-title":"Differential regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression by nitric oxide and inflammatory mediators in IFN-gamma-activated murine macrophages and microglial cells","volume":"159","author":"Alberati-Giani","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0226205","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226205","article-title":"Chronic dietary supplementation with kynurenic acid, a neuroactive metabolite of tryptophan, decreased body weight without negative influence on densitometry and mandibular bone biomechanical endurance in young rats","volume":"14","author":"Tomaszewska","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(97)00295-0","article-title":"Glutamate receptors are expressed by bone cells and are involved in bone resorption","volume":"22","author":"Chenu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igy023.377","article-title":"Kynurenic Acid A tryptophan metabolite induces bone loss in mice","volume":"2","author":"Isales","year":"2018","journal-title":"Innov. Aging"}],"container-title":["Clinical Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009912023000073?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009912023000073?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]],"date-time":"2025-09-14T15:59:16Z","timestamp":1757865556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0009912023000073"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0009912023000073"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-9120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-9120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impaired kynurenine metabolism in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Biochemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}