{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T04:07:24Z","timestamp":1782965244102,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019902","name":"Fakultet for medisin og helsevitenskap, Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019902","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021078","name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021078","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004590","name":"Helse Midt-Norge","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004590","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009123","name":"Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009123","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T23:31:09Z","timestamp":1771198269000},"page":"111101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Indirect reference intervals for thyroid function tests: refineR, RefLim and effects of pathological test results"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"142","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8811-7299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Finn Erik","family":"Aas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander Bauer","family":"Westbye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus A.R.","family":"Hus\u00f8y","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oskar E.","family":"Kelp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana N.","family":"Zykova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per M.","family":"Thorsby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ozarda Y, Sikaris K, Streichert T, Macri J, intervals ICoR, Decision L. Distinguishing reference intervals and clinical decision limits - A review by the IFCC Committee on Reference Intervals and Decision Limits. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. Sep 2018;55(6):420\u201343doi:10.1080\/10408363.2018.1482256.","DOI":"10.1080\/10408363.2018.1482256"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0010","unstructured":"CLSI Defining, Establishing, and Verifying Reference Intervals in the Clinical Laboratory. CLSI guideline EP28-A3C. 3rd ed 2010."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfac067","article-title":"Changing immunochemistry platforms: thyroid function test comparison and reference intervals based on clinical needs","volume":"7","author":"Pelanti","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Appl. Lab. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.5937\/jomb0-33543","article-title":"Indirect estimation of reference intervals for thyroid parameters using advia centaur XP analyzer","volume":"41","author":"Mirjanic-Azaric","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Med. Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261715","article-title":"Establishing laboratory-specific reference intervals for TSH and fT4 by use of the indirect Hoffman method","volume":"17","author":"Placzkowska","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2018-0073","article-title":"Indirect methods for reference interval determination - review and recommendations","volume":"57","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ammer T, Schutzenmeister A, Prokosch HU, Rauh M, Rank CM, Zierk J. refineR: A Novel Algorithm for Reference Interval Estimation from Real-World Data. Sci Rep. Aug 6 2021;11(1):16023. doi:10.1038\/s41598-021-95301-2.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95301-2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoffmann G, Klawitter S, Trulson I, Adler J, Holdenrieder S, Klawonn F. A Novel Tool for the Rapid and Transparent Verification of Reference Intervals in Clinical Laboratories. J Clin Med. Jul 27 2024;13(15)doi:10.3390\/jcm13154397.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13154397"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldr030","article-title":"The epidemiology of thyroid disease","volume":"99","author":"Vanderpump","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2018.18","article-title":"Global epidemiology of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism","volume":"14","author":"Taylor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D.Salvatore TD, M.Schlumberger,I.Hay,P.Larsen. Thyroid Physiology and Diagnostic Evaluation of Patients with Thyroid Disorders. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology (Twelfth Edition). Elsevier; 2011:327\u2013361:chap 11.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-0324-5.00011-0"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2009.140178","article-title":"Report of the IFCC working group for standardization of thyroid function tests; part 1: thyroid-stimulating hormone","volume":"56","author":"Thienpont","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2009.140194","article-title":"Report of the IFCC working group for standardization of thyroid function tests; part 2: free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine","volume":"56","author":"Thienpont","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0070","article-title":"Large method differences for free thyroid hormone assays in the hyperthyroid range can affect assessment of hyperthyroid status: comparison of Abbott Alinity to Roche Cobas, Siemens Centaur and equilibrium dialysis LC-MS\/MS","volume":"121\u2013122","author":"Westbye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0075","first-page":"51","article-title":"Lot-to-lot variation","volume":"39","author":"Thompson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0080","first-page":"45","article-title":"The IFCC recommendations for determining reference intervals: strengths and limitations","volume":"33","author":"Henny","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Lab. Med."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.07.005","article-title":"Reference interval estimation: methodological comparison using extensive simulations and empirical data","volume":"50","author":"Daly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvad017","article-title":"Seasonal variation and thyroid function testing: source of misdiagnosis and levothyroxine over-prescription","volume":"69","author":"El-Khoury","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e80","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyac095","article-title":"Cohort profile update: the HUNT study","volume":"52","author":"Asvold","year":"2023","journal-title":"Norway. Int J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0100","unstructured":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology. HUNT Biobank \u2013 A regional, national and international biobank resource. https:\/\/www.ntnu.edu\/hunt\/hunt-biobank."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0105","article-title":"Reference intervals for serum thyroid-stimulating hormone based on a recent nationwide cross-sectional study and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (lausanne)."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2002.028","article-title":"Reference intervals for thyroid hormones on the architect analyser","volume":"40","author":"Hubl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2004.091","article-title":"Population-specific reference values for thyroid hormones on the Abbott ARCHITECT i2000 analyzer","volume":"42","author":"Gonzalez-Sagrado","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.3109\/00365513.2011.568630","article-title":"Serum TSH reference interval in healthy finnish adults using the Abbott Architect 2000i Analyzer","volume":"71","author":"Schalin-J\u00e4ntti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/0004563217691549","article-title":"Comparison of method-related reference intervals for thyroid hormones: studies from a prospective reference population and a literature review","volume":"55","author":"Barth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Biochem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1177\/00045632211026955","article-title":"Method-dependent variation in TSH and FT4 reference intervals in pregnancy: a systematic review","volume":"58","author":"Okosieme","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kasahara T. The relationship between levothyroxine dosage and free thyroxine levels in hypothyroid patients: a large retrospective study. Eur Thyroid J. Aug 1 2025;14(4)doi:10.1530\/ETJ-24-0388.","DOI":"10.1530\/ETJ-24-0388"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heald AH, Premawardhana LD, Taylor PN, et al. Evaluating the Link Between Thyroid Function Test Results and Levothyroxine Dose in the Management of Hypothyroidism: Can We Improve Dosing Regimes? Clin Endocrinol. Dec 22 2025;doi:10.1111\/cen.70074.","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.117.P231"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-022-03098-5","article-title":"How to approach clinically discordant FT4 results when changing testing platforms: real-world evidence","volume":"77","author":"Giovanella","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0150","unstructured":"Bj\u00f8rn Olav \u00c5svold BGN, Ingrid Norheim, Sara Hammerstad, Rolf Jorde, Ann-Elin Meling Stokland, Kristin Astrid \u00d8ystese, Kari Lima. Hypotyreose. https:\/\/metodebok.no\/emne\/Dh36GytW\/hypotyreose\/nasjonal-veileder-i-endokrinologi."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E469","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.191663","article-title":"Levothyroxine prescribing and laboratory test use after a minor change in reference range for thyroid-stimulating hormone","volume":"192","author":"Symonds","year":"2020","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0160","unstructured":"Statistics Norway: 09817: Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents by immigration category, in total and separately, country background and percentages of the population (M) 2010 - 2023. https:\/\/www.ssb.no\/en\/statbank\/table\/09817."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dirks NF, den Elzen WPJ, Hillebrand JJ, et al. Should we depend on reference intervals from manufacturer package inserts? Comparing TSH and FT4 reference intervals from four manufacturers with results from modern indirect methods and the direct method. Clin Chem Lab Med. Jan 12 2024;doi:10.1515\/cclm-2023-1237.","DOI":"10.17116\/labs20241303150"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wigh IMN, Andersen L, Lundgaard MH, et al. Agreement between routinely used immunoassays for thyroid function testing in non-pregnant and pregnant adults. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Apr 17 2024;doi:10.1111\/cen.15062.","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.15062"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0175","series-title":"Estimation of Reference Intervals for TSH, fT3, and fT4 on Alinity for two Regionally Separated Laboratories in Germany: Comparison of three different indirect Methods (poster)","author":"Meyer","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfaa091","article-title":"Performance evaluation of thyroid function tests on a novel chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay system","volume":"6","author":"Ahn","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Appl. Lab. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0185","article-title":"Evaluation of analytical performance of Alinity i system on 31 measurands","volume":"22","author":"Seo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pract. Lab. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Solsvik AE, Fauskanger P, Stavelin A, Ronneseth E, Sandberg S. A New International Patient-Based External Quality Assessment Program to Monitor Harmonization and Standardization Efforts. Clin Chem. Oct 10 2025;doi:10.1093\/clinchem\/hvaf122.","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvaf122"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1159\/000356507","article-title":"2013 ETA guideline: management of subclinical hypothyroidism","volume":"2","author":"Pearce","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0229","article-title":"2016 American thyroid association guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis","volume":"26","author":"Ross","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0457","article-title":"2017 guidelines of the american thyroid association for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy and the postpartum","volume":"27","author":"Alexander","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thyroid"}],"container-title":["Clinical Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009912026000299?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0009912026000299?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T01:09:38Z","timestamp":1773277778000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0009912026000299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S0009912026000299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-9120"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-9120","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Indirect reference intervals for thyroid function tests: refineR, RefLim and effects of pathological test results","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Biochemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2026.111101","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111101"}}