{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T00:04:23Z","timestamp":1790381063940,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Biomechanics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,25]],"date-time":"2011-10-25T05:44:31Z","timestamp":1319521471000},"page":"226-233","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Adjacent level effects of bi level disc replacement, bi level fusion and disc replacement plus fusion in cervical spine- a finite element based study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Faizan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay K.","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok","family":"Biyani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven R.","family":"Garfin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Bono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2338","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181ab5432","article-title":"ISSLS Prize Winner: does discography cause accelerated progression of degeneration changes in the lumbar disc: a ten-year matched cohort study","volume":"34","author":"Carragee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3171\/SPI-07\/07\/033","article-title":"Changes in adjacent-level disc pressure and facet joint force after cervical arthroplasty compared with cervical discectomy and fusion","volume":"7","author":"Chang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100150305","article-title":"Uncinate processes and Luschka joints influence the biomechanics of the cervical spine: quantification using a finite element model of the C5-C6 segment","volume":"15","author":"Clausen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.5.SPINE09852","article-title":"Prospective study of cervical arthroplasty in 98 patients involved in 1 of 3 separate investigational device exemption studies from a single investigational site with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Clinical article","volume":"13","author":"Coric","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0160","unstructured":"Demetropoulos, Constantine K., E.I.F., Dooris, Andrew P., Serhan, Hassan A., Harms, Jurgen, Herkowitz, Harry N., 2008. Motion preservation using the discover total disc replacement: critical considerations in disc sizing and adjacent level surgery. Spine Arthroplasty Society. (Miami, Florida)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200308000-00002","article-title":"Biomechanical testing of an artificial cervical joint and an anterior cervical plate","volume":"16","author":"Diangelo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Spinal Disord. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2004.17.3.7","article-title":"In vitro biomechanics of cervical disc arthroplasty with the ProDisc-C total disc implant","volume":"17","author":"Diangelo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200211150-00003","article-title":"Biomechanical study on the effect of cervical spine fusion on adjacent-level intradiscal pressure and segmental motion","volume":"27","author":"Eck","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0045","series-title":"Dept of Bioengineering","article-title":"Investigation into cervical spine biomechanics following total disc replacement","author":"Faizan","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0050","first-page":"1","article-title":"Do design variations in the artificial disc influence cervical spine biomechanics? A finite element investigation","author":"Faizan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2008.02.002","article-title":"Cervical spine biomechanics following implantation of a disc prosthesis","volume":"30","author":"Galbusera","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med. Eng. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199803150-00008","article-title":"Prediction of load sharing among spinal components of a C5-C6 motion segment using the finite element approach","volume":"23","author":"Goel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198809000-00007","article-title":"An analytical investigation of the mechanics of spinal instrumentation","volume":"13","author":"Goel","year":"1988","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2755","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000195897.17277.67","article-title":"Effects of charite artificial disc on the implanted and adjacent spinal segments mechanics using a hybrid testing protocol","volume":"30","author":"Goel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0065","first-page":"1","article-title":"Parameters that effect spine biomechanics following cervical disc replacement","author":"Goel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200404000-00001","article-title":"Long-term follow-up after interbody fusion of the cervical spine","volume":"17","author":"Goffin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Spinal Disord. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2006.03.011","article-title":"Biomechanics of two-level Charite artificial disc placement in comparison to fusion plus single-level disc placement combination","volume":"6","author":"Grauer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199904000-00009","article-title":"Radiculopathy and myelopathy at segments adjacent to the site of a previous anterior cervical arthrodesis","volume":"81","author":"Hilibrand","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(00)00002-3","article-title":"Finite element modeling of the cervical spine: role of intervertebral disc under axial and eccentric loads","volume":"21","author":"Kumaresan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Med. Eng. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181f5cb87","article-title":"Comparison of cervical spine biomechanics after fixed- and mobile-core artificial disc replacement: a finite element analysis","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0105","series-title":"Dept of BioMedical Engineering","article-title":"Design of a spinal fixation device and its evaluation: an analytical and experimental approach","author":"Lim","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000215205.66437.c3","article-title":"Multilevel cervical fusion and its effect on disc degeneration and osteophyte formation","volume":"31","author":"Lopez-Espina","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0150","series-title":"Orthopedics Research Society","article-title":"Facet forces sensitive to total disc replacement device position","author":"Metzger","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(81)90095-6","article-title":"A technique for measurement and description of three-dimensional six degree-of-freedom motion of a body joint with an application to the human spine","volume":"14","author":"Panjabi","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2005.07.002","article-title":"Cervical spine arthroplasty biomechanics","volume":"16","author":"Puttlitz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181dc9b51","article-title":"Eight-year clinical and radiological follow-up of the Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty","volume":"36","author":"Quan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000260795.57798.a0","article-title":"CHARITE versus ProDisc: a comparative study of a minimum 3-year follow-up","volume":"32","author":"Shim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198403000-00003","article-title":"Stress analysis of the lumbar disc-body unit in compression. A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element study","volume":"9","author":"Shirazi-Adl","year":"1984","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014_bb0155","series-title":"Orthopedic Research Society","article-title":"The facet joint loading profile of a cervical intervertebral disc replacement","author":"Stieber","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["Clinical Biomechanics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0268003311002543?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0268003311002543?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]],"date-time":"2018-11-29T06:29:33Z","timestamp":1543472973000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0268003311002543"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0268003311002543"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0268-0033"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0268-0033","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}}}