{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T10:34:46Z","timestamp":1762252486348},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]],"date-time":"2017-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","clinbiomech.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Biomechanics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,26]],"date-time":"2017-01-26T08:47:17Z","timestamp":1485420437000},"page":"15-22","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Improvement of upper trunk posture during walking in hemiplegic patients after injections of botulinum toxin into the arm"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Harald","family":"Hefter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dietmar","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280110112891","article-title":"The effects of botulinum toxin treatment on associated reactions of the upper limb on hemiparetic gait-a pilot study","volume":"24","author":"Backheit","year":"2002","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil."},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-200422004-00004","article-title":"The burden of coronary, cerebrovascular and peripheral arterial disease","volume":"22","author":"Bakhai","year":"2004","journal-title":"PharmacoEconomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2803","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.516153","article-title":"Effect of simultaneous botulinum toxin injections into several muscles on impairment, activity, participation, and quality of life among stroke patients presenting with a stiff knee gait","volume":"39","author":"Caty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins5010093","article-title":"Influence of Botulinum toxin therapy on postural control and lower limb intersegmental coordination in children with spastic cerebral palsy","volume":"5","author":"Degelaen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.11.018","article-title":"Electromyographic activity of voluntarily activated trunk flexor and extensor muscles in post-stroke hemiparetic subjects","volume":"115","author":"Dickstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e318168d36c","article-title":"Influence of botulinum toxin type A treatment of elbow flexor spasticity on hemiparetic gait","volume":"87","author":"Esquenazi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2012.690497","article-title":"Predicting levels of basic functional mobility, as assessed by the timed \u201cup and go\u201d test, for individuals with stroke: discriminant analyses","volume":"35","author":"Faria","year":"2013","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0040","series-title":"Numerical evaluation of stroke patients gait disorders based on instrumental motion analysis","first-page":"91","author":"Ferreira","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489309135834","article-title":"Botulinum A toxin effects on rat jaw muscle spindles","volume":"113","author":"Filippi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.03084.x","article-title":"Does the treatment of spastic equinovarus deformity following stroke with botulinum toxin increase gait velocity? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Foley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870080106","article-title":"Time course of distant effects of local injection of botulinum toxin","volume":"8","author":"Garner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.9.844","article-title":"Botulinum toxin therapy: distant effects on neuromuscular transmission and autonomic nervous system","volume":"55","author":"Girlanda","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MRR.0b013e328353e3d4","article-title":"Classification of posture in patients with post-stroke upper limb spasticity using an international database: a potential decision tool for botulinum toxin A treatment?","author":"Hefter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Rehabil. Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20499","article-title":"Association between botulinum toxin injection into the arm and changes in gait in adults after stroke","volume":"20","author":"Hirsch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2013.11.022","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A (Dysport\u00ae) for the treatment of post-stroke arm spasticity: results of the German-Austrian open label post-marketing surveillance prospective study","volume":"337","author":"Jost","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100080310","article-title":"Measurement of lower extremity kinematics during level walking","volume":"8","author":"Kadaba","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2014.05.014","article-title":"Dynamic instability during post-stroke hemiparetic walking","volume":"40","author":"Kao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880100610","article-title":"Distant effects of local injection of botulinum toxin","volume":"10","author":"Lange","year":"1987","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0095","first-page":"609","article-title":"Distant effects of locally injected botulinum toxin: incidence and course","volume":"50","author":"Lange","year":"1988","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880140711","article-title":"Distant effects of locally injected botulinum toxin: a double-blind study of single fiber EMG change","volume":"14","author":"Lange","year":"1991","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215504cr727oa","article-title":"Predicting spasticity after stroke in those surviving to 12months","volume":"18","author":"Leathley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0110","series-title":"Handbook of Botulinum Toxin Treatment","first-page":"28","article-title":"General and clinical aspects of treatment with botulinum toxin","author":"Moore","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.07.028","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of NABOTA in post-stroke upper limb spasticity: a phase 3 multicenter, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial","volume":"357","author":"Nam","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0120","series-title":"Gait Analysis: Normal and Pathological Function","author":"Perry","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1159\/000069495","article-title":"A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled evaluation of three doses of botulinum toxin type A (Dysport\u00ae) in the treatment of spastic equinovarus deformity after stroke","volume":"15","author":"Pittock","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2718","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000035286.87503.31","article-title":"Characterization of incident stroke signs and symptoms: findings from the atherosclerosis risk in communities study","volume":"33","author":"Rathore","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199604)19:4<488::AID-MUS9>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"Extrafusal and intrafusal muscle effects in experimental botulinum toxin A injection","volume":"19","author":"Rosales","year":"1996","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0140","series-title":"Handbook of Botulinum Toxin Treatment","first-page":"9","article-title":"How botulinum toxins work","author":"Rossetto","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0145","series-title":"Spasticity in Adults: Management Using Botulinum Toxin. National Guidelines","first-page":"1","author":"Royal College of Physicians, British Society of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chartered Society of Physiotherapy","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0b013e3181660f0c","article-title":"Altered trunk position sense and its relation to balance functions in people post-stroke","volume":"32","author":"Ryerson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Phys. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2014.02.005","article-title":"Upper body movements in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy walking with and without an ankle-foot orthosis","volume":"29","author":"Schweizer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-200112000-00015","article-title":"Botulinum treatment of spasticity: why is it so difficult to show a functional benefit?","volume":"14","author":"Sheean","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2002.0090s1003.x","article-title":"The pathophysiology of spasticity","volume":"9","author":"Sheean","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000311391.00944.c4","article-title":"Botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of spasticity (an evidence-based review): report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology","volume":"70","author":"Simpson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1191\/026921500666642221","article-title":"A double-blind placebo-controlled study of botulinum toxin in upper limb spasticity after stroke or head injury","volume":"14","author":"Smith","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410280407","article-title":"Treatment of spasticity with botulinum toxin: a double-blind study","volume":"28","author":"Snow","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000105386.05173.5E","article-title":"Spasticity after stroke: its occurrence and association with motor impairments and activity limitations","volume":"35","author":"Sommerfeld","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199807000-00005","article-title":"Muscle strength of trunk flexion-extension in post-stroke hemiplegic patients","volume":"77","author":"Tanaka","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1191\/026921599666307333","article-title":"Trunk kinematics in hemiplegic gait and the effect of walking aids","volume":"13","author":"Tyson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.581991","article-title":"Occurrence and clinical predictors of spasticity after ischemic stroke","volume":"41","author":"Urban","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215502cr512oa","article-title":"Prevalence of spasticity after stroke","volume":"16","author":"Watkins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018_bb0210","first-page":"76","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of three-dimensional computerized gait analysis","volume":"2","author":"Westhoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sportverletz. Sportschaden"}],"container-title":["Clinical Biomechanics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0268003317300293?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0268003317300293?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]],"date-time":"2018-09-04T20:57:58Z","timestamp":1536094678000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0268003317300293"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0268003317300293"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0268-0033"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0268-0033","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Improvement of upper trunk posture during walking in hemiplegic patients after injections of botulinum toxin into the arm","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Biomechanics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}