{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T21:53:27Z","timestamp":1790459607824,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["patient-research.elsevier.com","cidjournal.com","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,28]],"date-time":"2014-02-28T14:55:54Z","timestamp":1393599354000},"page":"524-530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Recent advances in childhood vitiligo"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Nanette B.","family":"Silverberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0005","first-page":"145","article-title":"Epidemiological study of vitiligo in Surat area, South Gujarat","volume":"61","author":"Mehta","year":"1973","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1977.01640010049006","article-title":"Prevalence of vitiligo. Epidemiological survey on the Isle of Bornholm, Denmark","volume":"113","author":"Howitz","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00880.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of vitiligo in the French West Indies (Isle of Martinique)","volume":"39","author":"Boisseau-Garsaud","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05377.x","article-title":"A review of the worldwide prevalence of vitiligo in children\/adolescents and adults","volume":"51","author":"Kr\u00fcger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1397","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical profile of vitiligo in China: a community-based study in six cities","volume":"93","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1959.49","article-title":"Vitiligo","volume":"32","author":"Lerner","year":"1959","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2012.05475.x","article-title":"Epidemiologic study of dermatologic disorders among children in South Sinai, Egypt","volume":"51","author":"Yamamah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(98)70194-X","article-title":"Vitiligo","volume":"38","author":"Kovacs","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06136.x","article-title":"Keratinocytes in the depigmented epidermis of vitiligo are more vulnerable to trauma (suction) than keratinocytes in the normally pigmented epidermis, resulting in their apoptosis","volume":"151","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2003.09.006","article-title":"Apoptosis in feathers of Smyth line chickens with autoimmune vitiligo","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0055","first-page":"207","article-title":"Childhood vitiligo","volume":"20","author":"Halder","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0060","first-page":"463","article-title":"Thyroid abnormalities in pediatric patients with vitiligo in New York City","volume":"81","author":"Pagovich","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1159\/000081479","article-title":"Relevance of thyroiditis and of other autoimmune diseases in children with vitiligo","volume":"210","author":"Iacovelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0070","first-page":"248","article-title":"Vitiligo and thyroid dysfunction in children and adolescents","volume":"19","author":"Pr\u0107i\u0107","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerol Croat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.03.032","article-title":"Increased prevalence of chronic autoimmune (Hashimoto's) thyroiditis in children and adolescents with vitiligo","volume":"53","author":"Kakourou","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.04.050","article-title":"Clinical features of vitiligo associated with comorbid autoimmune disease: a prospective survey","volume":"69","author":"Silverberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(00)90170-1","article-title":"Clinical and histopathologic characteristics of trichrome vitiligo","volume":"42","author":"Hann","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(03)00048-8","article-title":"Vitiligo and leukoderma in children","volume":"21","author":"Herane","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.08.031","article-title":"Segmental vitiligo associated with generalized vitiligo (mixed vitiligo): a retrospective case series of 19 patients","volume":"65","author":"Ezzedine","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0100","first-page":"329","article-title":"Segmental vitiligo may not be associated with risk of autoimmune thyroiditis","volume":"9","author":"Silverberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Skinmed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12226","article-title":"Quality of life impairment in children and adolescents with vitiligo","volume":"31","author":"Silverberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2011.351","article-title":"Halo nevi association in nonsegmental vitiligo affects age at onset and depigmentation pattern","volume":"148","author":"Ezzedine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10709.x","article-title":"Halo naevi and leukotrichia are strong predictors of the passage to mixed vitiligo in a subgroup of segmental vitiligo","volume":"166","author":"Ezzedine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2006.02907.x","article-title":"Genetic epidemiology of vitiligo: a study of 815 probands and their families from south China","volume":"45","author":"Sun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/11.6.661","article-title":"Mapping of an autoimmunity susceptibility locus (AIS1) to chromosome 1p31.3-p32.2","volume":"11","author":"Alkhateeb","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2272","article-title":"Genome-wide association analyses identify 13 new susceptibility loci for generalized vitiligo","volume":"44","author":"Jin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.603","article-title":"Genome-wide association study for vitiligo identifies susceptibility loci at 6q27 and the MHC","volume":"42","author":"Quan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.37","article-title":"Next-generation DNA re-sequencing identifies common variants of TYR and HLA-A that modulate the risk of generalized vitiligo via antigen presentation","volume":"132","author":"Jin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00920.x","article-title":"Functional defects of peripheral regulatory T lymphocytes in patients with progressive vitiligo","volume":"25","author":"Ben Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2010.10.034","article-title":"Possible roles of B lymphocyte activating factor of the tumour necrosis factor family in vitiligo autoimmunity","volume":"76","author":"Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.55628","article-title":"Oxidative stress in experimental vitiligo C57BL\/6 mice","volume":"54","author":"Jalel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2646","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.143","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase and risk of vitiligo in the Chinese population","volume":"129","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00942.x","article-title":"NLRP1, a regulator of innate immunity associated with vitiligo","volume":"25","author":"D'Osualdo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2007.07.012","article-title":"Apoptosis of melanocytes in vitiligo results from antibody penetration","volume":"29","author":"Ruiz-Arg\u00fcelles","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.90942","article-title":"Melanocytorrhagy and apopotosis in vitiligo: connecting jigsaw pieces","volume":"78","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2012.1117","article-title":"CD8+ T cells from vitiligo perilesional margins induce autologous melanocyte apoptosis","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1089\/gtmb.2012.0173","article-title":"Fas, Fas Ligand, and vitamin D receptor FokI gene polymorphisms in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Aegean region of Turkey","volume":"16","author":"Sahin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genet Test Mol Biomarkers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511415562","article-title":"Potential association of vitamin D receptor polymorphism Taq1 with multiple sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Cox","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311422709","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor gene BsmI polymorphism B allele, but not BB genotype, is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in a Han Chinese population","volume":"21","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11132.x","article-title":"The association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with generalized vitiligo","volume":"167","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.11.024","article-title":"A pilot study assessing the role of 25 hydroxy vitamin D levels in patients with vitiligo vulgaris","volume":"62","author":"Silverberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.70680","article-title":"Chemical leukoderma: what's new on etiopathological and clinical aspects?","volume":"55","author":"Ghosh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.181","article-title":"Vitiligo-inducing phenols activate the unfolded protein response in melanocytes resulting in upregulation of IL6 and IL8","volume":"132","author":"Toosi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.92668","article-title":"Serum concentration of IL-6, IL-2, TNF-\u03b1, and IFN\u03b3 in vitiligo patients","volume":"57","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.90944","article-title":"Childhood vitiligo","volume":"78","author":"Palit","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0235","series-title":"Atlas of Cutaneous Biodiversity","author":"Silverberg","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2012.00997.x","article-title":"Vitiligo Global Issue Consensus Conference panelists. Revised classification\/nomenclature of vitiligo and related issues: the Vitiligo Global Issues Consensus Conference","volume":"25","author":"Ezzedine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2013.927","article-title":"Association between vitiligo extent and distribution and quality-of-life impairment","volume":"149","author":"Silverberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2010.03965.x","article-title":"Depression, anxiety and health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with vitiligo","volume":"36","author":"Bilgic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0255","first-page":"248","article-title":"Vitiligo patients seeking depigmentation therapy: a case report and guidelines for psychological screening","volume":"91","author":"Grau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.05.036","article-title":"Tacrolimus ointment promotes repigmentation of vitiligo in children: a review of 57 cases","volume":"51","author":"Silverberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03452.x","article-title":"Quality of life and psychological adaptation of Korean adolescents with vitiligo","volume":"24","author":"Choi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1159\/000084751","article-title":"Quality of life and stigmatization profile in a cohort of vitiligo patients and effect of the use of camouflage","volume":"210","author":"Ongenae","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0280","first-page":"163","article-title":"The psychological aspects of vitiligo","volume":"73","author":"Silvan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0285","first-page":"177","article-title":"Management of vitiligo patients and attitude of dermatologists towards vitiligo","volume":"14","author":"Ongenae","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1999.00822.x","article-title":"Management of vitiligo. Results of a questionnaire among dermatologists in The Netherlands","volume":"38","author":"Njoo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0295","first-page":"CD003263","article-title":"Interventions for vitiligo","volume":"1","author":"Whitton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2012.762638","article-title":"Vitiligo management strategy in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia as reported by dermatologists and experienced by patients","volume":"25","author":"Ismail","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00939.x","article-title":"Vitiligo as an inflammatory skin disorder: a therapeutic perspective","volume":"25","author":"Taieb","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.90949","article-title":"Segmental vitiligo: a randomized controlled trial to evaluate efficacy and safety of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment vs 0.05% fluticasone propionate cream","volume":"78","author":"Kathuria","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0315","first-page":"507","article-title":"Topical tacrolimus is more effective for treatment of vitiligo in patients of skin of color","volume":"10","author":"Silverberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2010.01067.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of 0.1% topical tacrolimus in adult and children patients with vitiligo","volume":"38","author":"Udompataikul","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10351.x","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of topical tacrolimus 0\u00b71% vs. clobetasol propionate 0\u00b705% in childhood vitiligo","volume":"165","author":"Ho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0736-8046.2004.21418.x","article-title":"Calcipotriene and corticosteroid combination therapy for vitiligo","volume":"21","author":"Travis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0335","first-page":"256","article-title":"Once-daily application of calcipotriene 0.005%-betamethasone dipropionate 0.064% ointment for repigmentation of facial vitiligo","volume":"88","author":"Newman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0464","article-title":"Occlusive treatment enhances efficacy of tacrolimus 0.1% ointment in adult patients with vitiligo: results of a placebo-controlled 12-month prospective study","volume":"88","author":"Hartmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0345","first-page":"117","article-title":"Burkitt lymphoma in a child with atopic dermatitis and a 7-year history of regular topical tacrolimus use","volume":"89","author":"Pleasant","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3109\/09546630903266761","article-title":"Mometasone cream versus pimecrolimus cream for the treatment of childhood localized vitiligo","volume":"21","author":"K\u00f6se","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2009.00926.x","article-title":"The efficacy of pimecrolimus 1% cream combined with microdermabrasion in the treatment of nonsegmental childhood vitiligo: a randomized placebo-controlled study","volume":"26","author":"Farajzadeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2009.00914.x","article-title":"Combination of 308-nm excimer laser with topical pimecrolimus for the treatment of childhood vitiligo","volume":"26","author":"Hui-Lan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2010.01184.x","article-title":"Efficacy of 1-mm minigrafts in treating vitiligo depends on patient age, disease site and vitiligo subtype","volume":"38","author":"Kato","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2011.01391.x","article-title":"Circumcised foreskin may be useful as a donor tissue during an autologous, non-cultured, epidermal cell transplantation for the treatment of widespread vitiligo","volume":"39","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04097.x","article-title":"Successful treatment of vitiligo on the axilla in a 5-year-old child by cultured-melanocyte transplantation","volume":"26","author":"Yao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04147.x","article-title":"A randomized comparison of excimer laser versus narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy after punch grafting in stable vitiligo patients","volume":"26","author":"Linthorst Homan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922810363169","article-title":"Vitiligo therapy in children: a case for considering excimer laser treatment","volume":"49","author":"Patel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2011.04065.x","article-title":"Noncultured epidermal suspension transplantation for the treatment of stable vitiligo in children and adolescents","volume":"36","author":"Sahni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(00)90133-6","article-title":"Treatment of generalized vitiligo in children with narrow-band (TL-01) UVB radiation therapy","volume":"42","author":"Njoo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2011.01683.x","article-title":"Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in childhood vitiligo: evaluation ofresults in 28 patients","volume":"29","author":"Percivalle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.2010.00540.x","article-title":"Does topical tacrolimus ointment enhance the efficacy of narrowband ultraviolet B therapy in vitiligo? A left-right comparison study","volume":"26","author":"Majid","year":"2010","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10564.x","article-title":"Effect of a preceding laser dermabrasion on the outcome of combined therapy with narrowband ultraviolet B and potent topical steroids for treating nonsegmental vitiligo in resistant localizations","volume":"166","author":"Bayoumi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2010.03838.x","article-title":"Narrowband ultraviolet B as monotherapy and in combination with topical calcipotriol in the treatment of generalized vitiligo","volume":"35","author":"Gamil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.02016.x","article-title":"Combination of 308-nm xenon chloride excimer laser and topical calcipotriol in vitiligo","volume":"21","author":"Goldinger","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0738081X14000406?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0738081X14000406?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T17:59:34Z","timestamp":1716573574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0738081X14000406"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0738081X14000406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0738-081X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0738-081X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Recent advances in childhood vitiligo","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Dermatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.02.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"simple-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}