{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T01:54:47Z","timestamp":1772243687692,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T04:21:19Z","timestamp":1665462079000},"page":"223-229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Chilblain-like lesions coinciding with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Samantha Y.","family":"Starkey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristie","family":"Mar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Kashetsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Dutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilya","family":"Mukovozov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2008-3","article-title":"A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China","volume":"579","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234765","article-title":"The prevalence of symptoms in 24,410 adults infected by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis of 148 studies from 9 countries","volume":"15","author":"Grant","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.15168","article-title":"Dermatologic manifestations of COVID-19: a comprehensive systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Mirza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14805","article-title":"COVID toes\u201d: a meta-analysis of case and observational studies on clinical, histopathological, and laboratory findings","volume":"38","author":"Rocha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1177\/12034754211004575","article-title":"Chilblain-like lesions (CLL) associated with COVID-19 (\u201cCOVID toes\u201d): a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Kashetsky","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0006","article-title":"Are the chilblain-like lesions observed during the COVID-19 pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2? Systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Garc\u00eda","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0007","unstructured":"OCEBM Levels of Evidence Working Group. Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 levels of evidence. https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/CEBM-Levels-of-Evidence-2.1.pdf. Accessed April 3, 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14332","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14332","article-title":"No SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in 25 patients with pseudo-chilblains","volume":"33","author":"Docampo-Sim\u00f3n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3930","article-title":"Long-term outcome of chilblains associated with SARS-CoV-2","author":"Poizeau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.20584","article-title":"Relapse of chilblain-like lesions during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cohort follow-up","volume":"185","author":"Hubiche","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e315","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17168","article-title":"Relapse of chilblain-like lesions during the second wave of coronavirus disease 19","volume":"35","author":"Recalcati","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.13866","article-title":"Discordant anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and RNA staining in cutaneous perniotic lesions suggests endothelial deposition of cleaved spike protein","volume":"48","author":"Ko","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16901","article-title":"Chilblains and COVID-19: further evidence against a causal association","volume":"35","author":"Baeck","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e316","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17145","article-title":"Chilblain-like lesions and COVID-19: second wave, second outbreak","volume":"35","author":"Piccolo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.14745\/ccdr.v47i78a06","article-title":"A window of opportunity for intensifying testing and tracing efforts to prevent new COVID-19 outbreaks due to more transmissible variants","volume":"47","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can Commun Dis Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14948","article-title":"Evolution of incidence of chilblain-like lesions in children during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"39","author":"Bascuas-Arribas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16974","article-title":"Why are chilblains underreported in Nordic countries during the COVID-19 pandemic? An analysis of Google Trends","volume":"35","author":"Kluger","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.18332\/popmed\/136032","article-title":"Country-based analysis of COVID-19 publications in the first few months of the pandemic","volume":"3","author":"Tokg\u00f6z Akyil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Popul Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.03.022","article-title":"May 2021: Heterogeneity in reported skin manifestations of COVID-19 and vaccines","volume":"84","author":"Kantor","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2020.12.003","article-title":"Skin manifestations of COVID-19: a worldwide review","volume":"2","author":"Tan","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAAD Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2020.07.009","article-title":"Pernio-like eruption associated with COVID-19 in skin of color","volume":"6","author":"Daneshjou","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2021.07.001","article-title":"The skin as a critical window in unveiling the pathophysiologic principles of COVID-19","volume":"39","author":"Magro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19348","article-title":"Chilblain-like lesions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a serological study on a case series","volume":"183","author":"Rizzoli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14554","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14554","article-title":"Cutaneous and histopathological features of coronavirus disease 2019 in pediatrics: a review article","volume":"34","author":"Khalili","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.20647","article-title":"Analysis of T-cell responses directed against the spike and\/or membrane and\/or nucleocapsid proteins in patients with chilblain-like lesions during the COVID-19 pandemic","author":"Cassius","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3390\/dermatopathology7030010","article-title":"Type I interferon signature in chilblain-like lesions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"7","author":"Aschoff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatopathology (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.2368","article-title":"Evaluation of chilblains as a manifestation of the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"156","author":"Herman","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2020.08.006","article-title":"Immunoglobulin A antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with chilblain-like lesions during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"112","author":"Cuenca Saez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.13630","article-title":"COVID toes in stay-at-home adolescents: an epiphenomenon?","volume":"32","author":"Kluckow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Med Australas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2021.2120","article-title":"Epidemiologic analysis of chilblains cohorts before and during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"157","author":"McCleskey","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19377","article-title":"Most chilblains observed during the COVID-19 outbreak occur in patients who are negative for COVID-19 on polymerase chain reaction and serology testing","volume":"183","author":"Le Cleach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19415","article-title":"The differing pathophysiologies that underlie COVID-19-associated perniosis and thrombotic retiform purpura: a case series","volume":"184","author":"Magro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.14099","article-title":"A clinicopathological description of COVID-19-induced chilblains (COVID toes) correlated with a published literature review","volume":"49","author":"Kolivras","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e566","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17393","article-title":"Frequency of relapse and persistent cutaneous symptoms after a first episode of chilblain-like lesion during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"35","author":"Moghadam","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0035","article-title":"COVID-19 skin manifestations in skin of colour","author":"Akuffo-Addo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.07.037","article-title":"COVID toes: phenomenon or epiphenomenon?","volume":"83","author":"Deutsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14566","article-title":"Acral changes in pediatric patients during COVID 19 pandemic: registry report from the COVID 19 response task force of the society of pediatric dermatology (SPD) and pediatric dermatology research alliance (PeDRA)","volume":"38","author":"Castelo-Soccio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19807","article-title":"Diagnostic value of cutaneous manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"184","author":"Visconti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0039","article-title":"Chilblains during lockdown are associated with household exposure to SARS-CoV-2: a multicentre case-control study","author":"Poizeau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2020.12.008","article-title":"COVID-19: the experience from Italy","volume":"39","author":"Recalcati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19163","article-title":"Classification of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: a rapid prospective nationwide consensus study in Spain with 375 cases","volume":"183","author":"Galv\u00e1n Casas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-021-04305-3","article-title":"Prognosis of rash and chilblain-like lesions among outpatients with COVID-19: a large cohort study","volume":"40","author":"Mascitti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.01.023","article-title":"The clinical spectrum of COVID-19-associated cutaneous manifestations: an Italian multicenter study of 200 adult patients","volume":"84","author":"Marzano","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0738081X22001262?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0738081X22001262?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:22:41Z","timestamp":1760034161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0738081X22001262"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0738081X22001262"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0738-081X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0738-081X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chilblain-like lesions coinciding with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Dermatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2022.09.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}